Ehlabathini lezoqoqosho kunye nezezimali kukho imimiselo emininzi eyahlukeneyo kunye nezalathi ezisinceda siqonde ngcono okwenzekayo kwiimarike. Nangona kunjalo, zininzi kangangokuba ngamanye amaxesha kuyadida. Inqaku lanamhlanje lijonge ukucacisa yintoni i-GDP deflator, yenzelwe ntoni kwaye ibalwa njani, kuba idla ngokubangela ukubhideka okukhulu.
Njengesiqhelo, ibalulekile ukuqonda ezinye iikhonsepthi ukukwazi ukwenza ukubalwa kwee-indices. Imeko ye-GDP deflator ayikho into, njengoko ihambelana ngokusondeleyo nokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nokuhla kwamandla emali. Ngesi sizathu, siya kuphinda sichaze ukuba yintoni le migaqo kunye nezinye eziya kusinceda siqonde ukuba yintoni i-GDP deflator.
I-GDP Deflator: Iingcamango
Ngaphambi kokuchaza ukuba yintoni kanye kanye i-GDP deflator, kukho iikhonsepthi ezithile ekufuneka siyazi ukuze siziqonde kakuhle. Asiyi kukwazi ukuqonda ukuba luncedo esinikwa sesi salathisi ukuba asazi ukuba zeziphi ezinye izinto eziphembelela ukubalwa kwaso. Phakathi kwazo kukho imigaqo ye ukuhla, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, i-deflator kunye ne-GDP, Kanjalo.
Igama elithi deflator livela kwisiLatini kwaye liguqulelwe ngokuthi "ukunciphisa". Sisalathiso esiqhele ukusetyenziswa ukusombulula iingxaki zoqoqosho zinxulumene noqikelelo lobukhulu obuthile kumgangatho wezoqoqosho. Kweli hlabathi, umsebenzi onzima kakhulu kukuvavanya ukuba uqoqosho lunokukhula kangakanani, oko kukuthi, ixabiso elinokufikelela kwimpahla kunye neenkonzo. Indlela ephambili yokulinganisa oku kukhula kukunyuka kwamaxabiso, esiza kuchaza kamva kancinci.
Xa uvavanya ukuba kuya kuba yintoni ukukhula kwangempela kwaye kungekuphela nje ixabiso layo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-GDP yangempela (imveliso yasekhaya epheleleyo). Esi salathiso sithathela ingqalelo kuphela ubuninzi obuveliswe ngokwenene. Ukufezekisa oku, umphumo wokuguquguquka kwexabiso kufuneka ususwe kwi-equation. Ngoko ke, ukulungiswa kuyafuneka, apho i-deflator inoxanduva. Ngoko ke, i-deflator ngokusisiseko sisalathiso sexabiso. Inokuthi idibanise okanye ilula kwaye ivumele ukwahlula phakathi kobuninzi kunye namacandelo exabiso.
Yintoni i-GDP?
Ngoku masicacise ukuba yintoni na i-GDP. La magama ashunqulelweyo amele "iMveliso yeLizwe ePheleleyo." Yi ubukhulu bezoqoqosho obubonisa ixabiso lemveliso kunye neenkonzo kwinqanaba lemali yelizwe ngexesha elithile. Ngokuqhelekileyo, idla ngokuqwalaselwa rhoqo ngekota okanye ngonyaka.
Kubalulekile ukuba sazi yahlula i-GDP yegama kwi-GDP yokwenyani. Eyokuqala ibhekisa kwixabiso layo eliya kuba lixabiso lemarike. Ukongeza, oku kongeza umphumo wokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-GDP yangempela ibhekisela kwixabiso lamaxabiso ahlala njalo. Kule meko, umphumo wokunyuka kwamaxabiso uyapheliswa.
Akufunekanga sibhidanise iGDP kunye IPC (Isalathiso seXabiso loMthengi). Esi salathi-nkqubela sinoxanduva lokulinganisa enyusa amaxabiso eemveliso ezisemgangathweni. Ezi, masithi, ingobozi eqhelekileyo yosapho, nokuba liliphi na icandelo.
ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nokuhla kwamandla emali
Ngoku kufuneka sicacise kuphela iingqiqo ze ukunyuka kwamaxabiso y deflation. Sele siyivile eyokuqala izihlandlo ezisisigidi ezindabeni, kodwa yintoni kanye kanye? Njengokuba, Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso yinkqubo yezoqoqosho eyenzeka ngendlela ezinzileyo neqhelekileyo elizweni xa amaxabiso ezinto neenkonzo enyuka.
Kunoko, ukuhla kwexabiso lentengo kwenzeka xa kukho ukuhla kwamaxabiso ngokubanzi elizweni, ngokuqhelekileyo okubangelwa kukuncipha konikezelo lwemali. Oko kukuthi: Imali ekuthethwa ngayo inyusa ixabiso layo, nto leyo enesiphumo sokunyuka kwexabiso layo. amandla okuthenga.
Njengoko sichazile ngaphambili, i-GDP deflator ilinganisa utshintsho olwenzeka kule index. Ngoko ke, Ibonisa ngendlela eqhelekileyo kokubini ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nokuhla kwamandla emali.
Yintoni i-GDP deflator kwaye isetyenziselwa ntoni?
Ngoku ukuba sichaze iikhonsepthi ezinxulumene ne-GDP deflator, siza kuphawula malunga nokuba yintoni kanye le index. Isetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala bala utshintsho lwamaxabiso olwenzeka kwisambuku semveliso yasekhaya. Oko kukuthi: I-GDP deflator isalathiso esibala umyinge wexabiso lexabiso lenzeka kwilizwe ngexesha elithile. Oku kusinceda ukuba sifumanise ukukhula koqoqosho lwelizwe ekuthethwa ngalo.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-GDP deflator ayisebenzisi kuphela ixabiso eliqhelekileyo, njenge-CPI, kodwa isebenzisa amaxabiso azo zonke iimpahla kunye neenkonzo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu sinokuthi sisalathiso esenza ubalo lokwenyani, ngelixa i-CPI isebenzisa izibalo zokubala.
Ibalwa njani i-GDP deflator?
Emva kokuqonda ukuba yintoni i-GDP deflator, makhe sibone ukuba ibalwa njani. Ngokuqinisekileyo sele uyazi ukuba umsebenzi oyintloko weeBhanki eziphambili kukugcina uzinzo lwezoqoqosho, oko kukuthi, amaxabiso. Ukwenza oku, babeka injongo yokunyuka kwamaxabiso, njengokungadluli kwi-2%. Ekubeni ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kubangela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, kuyimfuneko ukufumana isalathisi esiphelisa umphumo obangelwa yile nkqubo. Ukuba siyakwazi ukukutyeshela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, siya kwazi ukuba uqoqosho luyakhula ngokwenene okanye ukuba lunyusa amaxabiso kuphela. Yile nto i-GDP deflator isibonisa yona. Ukuyibala, kufuneka sisebenzise le fomula:
I-GDP deflator = (i-GDP yegama / i-GDP yangempela) x 100
Ukuqukumbela sinokuthi i-GDP deflator ayiloncedo ukulinganisa oko kuya kuba ngumgangatho wobomi belizwe. Injongo yesi salathiso kukuba ukulinganisa amandla okuthenga kwakwelo lizwe linye. Ngoko ke, isalathisi esinobuchule ukubala utshintsho kwi-GDP kunye namaxabiso, nokuba sihamba kwixesha lokunyuka kwamaxabiso okanye ukuhla kwamandla emali.