Cabanga ukuthi awusebenzi. Ngenhlanhla, unenzuzo yokungasebenzi, ukungasebenzi, okukuvumela ukuthi ungakhungatheki kakhulu ekupheleni kwenyanga ngoba imali ingena endlini. Kodwa-ke, unephrojekthi ongathanda ukuyqala, futhi okuwukuphela kwento oyintulayo yimali. Ngakho-ke kungani ungasebenzisi imali ngokungasebenzi?
Lo mqondo ongajwayelekile usetshenziswa kakhulu ngabaningi abangasebenzi abathatha isinqumo sokutshala imali ekukhokhelweni ekwakheni inkampani noma ibhizinisi abazuza ngalo ngaphezulu kepha, Kusho ukuthini ukufaka osonhlamvukazi njengongqangi? Kungenziwa kanjani? Yiziphi izinzuzo nezinkinga zayo? Konke lokhu nokunye okuningi esizokhuluma ngakho ngezansi.
Yini eyenza ukungasebenzi kube ngukwenza inzuzo enkulu
Ukwenza inzuzo ngokuntuleka kwemisebenzi kwaziwa nangokuthi inkokhelo yesikhathi esisodwa noma ukuhlanganiswa kokungasebenzi. Kungumkhuba wokuthi abantu abaqoqa inzuzo yokungasebenzi, futhi abafuna ukuqala umsebenzi bebodwa, bangacela ukuthi bakhokhelwe, ngesikhathi esisodwa, konke noma ingxenye yomhlomulo wokungasebenzi okusamele uqoqwe.
Ngamanye amagama, i-SEPE qhubekisela phambili imali yemihlomulo yokungasebenzi okusamele itholwe ngenkokhelo eyodwa, ngendlela yokuthi kutholakale imali enkulu okumele isetshenziselwe ukuqala ibhizinisi elizokwethulwa.
Kule ncazelo, kufanele wenze amaphuzu ambalwa acace:
- Ukuthi kufanele ubhalise njengomuntu ozisebenzayo. Empeleni, ukwenza inzuzo ngokungasebenzi kusho ukuthi uzoziqalela ibhizinisi lakho, futhi ngalokhu kufanele ubhaliswe ne-RETA (Special Regime for Self-Employed Workers). Okunye ongakwenza ukuthi uyilungu lobambiswano olunqunyelwe noma uzakwethu osebenzayo, kungaba ngokubambisana noma kubambiswano lwabasebenzi.
- Ukuthi le nkokhelo yesikhathi esisodwa kufanele isetshenziselwe ukutshala imali ebhizinisini (iba ngunhlokodolobha waleyo nkampani ngandlela thile).
Ubani ongacela ukufaka imali ngokungasebenzi
Ngokusobala, abantu abangacela ukwenza inzuzo ngokungasebenzi yilabo abathola imihlomulo yokungasebenzi (okungukuthi, baqoqa imihlomulo yokungasebenzi). Kodwa-ke, le nzuzo yokungasebenzi akumele ididaniswe nenzuzo yokungasebenzi. Kulesi simo, ungawusebenzisa kuphela uma uthola inzuzo enikelwayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, olunye uchungechunge lwe izidingo zomuntu ocela lokho, njenge:
- Ukuthi isikhathi somhlomulo okungenani sinezinyanga ezintathu kusukela esicelweni sakho.
- Akubhalisiwe ne-Social Security.
- Ukungazuzi ngokukhokha okukodwa ngaphambili (babeka umkhawulo weminyaka emine, okungukuthi, njalo eminyakeni emine ungayithola).
- Fakazela ukuthi ubhalisiwe njenge-freelancer noma njengomlingani osebenzayo.
- Ukungakuphikisi ukuxoshwa. Uma ukwenzile, ngeke ukwazi ukusebenzisa imali ngesiteleka kuze kube yilapho inselelo isixazululwa.
Izinzuzo zokonga ukungasebenzi
Manje njengoba usuyazi ukuthi kuyini ukufaka imali njengenzuzo enkulu, ukwenza isinqumo sokwenza noma cha kuzoncika ezintweni eziningi, kanye nesimo ozithola ukuso.
Ngakho-ke, phakathi kwezinzuzo zokwenza osonhlamvukazi kukhona:
- Amandla okuqoqa konke ngasikhathi sinye. Ngale ndlela, akudingeki ulinde ukuthola imali futhi ukwazi ukwenza amaphrojekthi onawo, kepha bathuthukisa imali yokungasebenzi ukuze ukwazi ukuqhubeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Vele, khumbula ukuthi uma sekuceliwe, akusheshi, kepha kudlula inyanga.
- Ungakhetha ukuthi ungayithola kanjani. Lokho kusho ukuthi, kuthole konke ngasikhathi sinye noma ngenyanga (ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe izindleko zoxhaso lomnikelo)
Izingqinamba
Yonke into enhle inezici ezithile "ezingezinhle", futhi kulokhu sikhuluma ngakho:
- Sebenzisa ilungelo lokuzuza. Ukuze usizakale ngokungasebenzi, udinga iphrojekthi futhi uzenzele amandla okuzimela; Lokho kusho ukuthi uzosebenzisa lokho abakunikeza kona njengenzuzo ebhizinisini elingaphumelela, noma lokho kungaqeda imali osuyithuthukisile (futhi ungasali nalutho).
- Kukhona ukucwaswa. Uxolo, kodwa kunjalo. Abesilisa abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-30 ubudala, nabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-35 ubudala, bangathola inani labangasebenzi abangamaphesenti ayi-100, kodwa ngale kwaleyo minyaka bangathola kuphela ukungasebenzi ngabangama-60%, kuthi abasele abangama-40 kube ngukufaka isicelo somnikelo wokungasebenzi.
- Imixhaso ye-Quota ilahlekile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, uma wenza iphutha esicelweni, ukhokhela iphutha ngokulahlekelwa u-40% woxhaso oluhambisana nawe.
Izinhlobo zosonhlamvukazi
Esinye isici okufanele usicabangele lapho usizakala ngokungasebenzi, ngoba kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili ezihlukene:
- Usonhlamvukazi 100%, okungukuthi, thola yonke imali elahlekile emhlomulweni wokungasebenzi ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze uxhase utshalomali oludingwa yibhizinisi.
- Yenza imali ngezinkokhelo zanyanga zonke. Le mali ibuye isetshenziselwe ukukhokha imali yabazisebenzelayo, ngendlela yokuthi ingxenye yokungasebenzi kwakho isetshenziselwe ukukhokha imali yokuzisebenza yanyanga zonke nezinye izindleko ezikhona.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani imali ngokungasebenzi
Uma ngemuva kokufunda yonke into, nokuzazisa, uthathe isinqumo sokusebenzisa imali ngokungasebenzi, kufanele wazi ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele uzenze ukwenza lokho. Kulokhu, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuya kuHulumeni Wokuqashwa Komphakathi Kahulumeni, okungukuthi, i-SEPE. Iya ehhovisi elihambisana nawe (njalo ngokuqokwa ukuze bakwazi ukukuhambela ngaphandle kokwenza ulinde isikhathi eside).
Bazokwazisa ngokukhokha okukodwa futhi, uma bebona ukuthi unqumile, kuzofanela ukwenze gcwalisa uhlelo lokusebenza, futhi ufake nombiko womsebenzi ozowuthuthukisa, kanye notshalo-mali ozobhekana nalo. Vele, khumbula ukuthi amanani owabekayo kumele angabi nayo i-VAT, ngoba i-VAT ayikwazi ukuxhaswa.
Into eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kuwe kungaba ukulungiselela umbiko wephrojekthi, kepha kwi-Intanethi ungathola izifanekiso eziningi zeZwi ezizokusiza ukukwenza kalula. Noma, uma ungazi, noma ungafuni ukuba nephutha, ungahlala njalo Cela usizo kumphathi noma kumeluleki ukuze ululungiselele ngokwalokho abakucelayo.
Uma usulethe konke, ngaphezu kobufakazi bokuthi ubhalisiwe njengomuntu ozisebenzayo, ngenyanga elandelayo bazokukhokhisa, uma konke kulungile, inkokhelo yesikhathi esisodwa yokungasebenzi.