Kunabantu abanovalo ngeminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Ukusuka ekubeni nomsebenzi wokuvuka usuku nosuku, futhi futhi uzizwe ulusizo; Ukuba umhlalaphansi onesikhathi esiningi esikhululekile kuyabacindezela, ngoba banomuzwa wokuthi, lapho bezithola bekuleso simo, bayayeka ukukhonza, hhayi umphakathi kuphela, kepha nomndeni wabo uqobo. Yingakho abaningi benquma ukubamba iqhaza emhlalaphansi.
Kodwa, Kusho ukuthini ukuthatha umhlalaphansi kancane? Ngabe ukhona ongayifinyelela? Yiziphi izidingo okufanele zifezwe? Ingabe ingahlala inakekelwa? Konke lokhu nokunye okuningi esizokhuluma ngakho ngokulandelayo.
Kuyini ukuthatha umhlalaphansi okuyingxenye
Ukuthatha umhlalaphansi kancane kungaqondakala njengesivumelwano esenziwa phakathi komqashi nomsebenzi lapho lowo muntu anciphisa khona amahora akhe okusebenza nenkampani, nokwehla kwalo okuholela emholweni. Ngokusho kwekhasi lezokuphepha komphakathi, umqondo wokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngokwengxenye ungaba okulandelayo:
«Ukuthatha umhlalaphansi kancane kuthathwa njengalokho kwaqala ngemuva kokufinyelela eminyakeni engama-60, ngasikhathi sinye nenkontileka yomsebenzi wesikhashana futhi exhunywe noma cha enkontilekeni yokusiza esayinwe nomsebenzi ongasebenzi noma onenkontileka nenkampani isikhathi esinqunyiwe» .
Ngamanye amagama, yilapho umuntu eqhubeka nokusebenza kepha enza khona ngosuku olufushane lokusebenza, kanye nomholo ophansi. Kodwa-ke, akusho ukuthi uzokhokhisa imali encane. Eqinisweni, wayezothola ingxenye elinganiselwe yempesheni yakhe yomhlalaphansi kuSocial Security.
Ukuze kwenzeke ukuthatha umhlalaphansi kancane, kuyadingeka ukuthi ukuncishiswa kwamahora okusebenza okungenani kube ngama-25%, futhi kungafinyelela kuma-50%. Futhi kusho ukusayinwa kwenkontileka entsha yokuqashwa okuyingxenye.
Izinhlobo zokuthatha umhlalaphansi kancane
Okuthile okungaziwa abaningi ukuthi kunezindlela ezimbili zokufanelekela ukuthola umhlalaphansi kancane. Lezi izi:
- Ukuthatha umhlalaphansi ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kwenzeka lapho isisebenzi sikhula eminyakeni yobudala yomhlalaphansi ngaphandle kwenhlawulo. Lokho elikwenzayo kunciphisa usuku lokusebenza kepha, esikhundleni sokuzitholela inkontileka eyingxenye (yokunikeza okusele ngempesheni), lokho elikusungulayo kuyisivumelwano sosizo.
- Ukuthatha umhlalaphansi okujwayelekile. Yiso leso, uma sekufinyelelwe eminyakeni efanele yokusebenzisa leli nani, isisebenzi siyasisebenzisa ngokunciphisa iholo nosuku lokusebenza ukuze lithole ingxenye yomhlalaphansi wabo.
Yiziphi izidingo ezidingekayo ukufeza
Lapho isisebenzi sifuna ukusizakala ngalesi silinganiso, kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezimbalwa kuqala, ezinjengalezi:
Ukuthatha umhlalaphansi kancane ngenkontileka yokusiza
Kungaba uhlobo lokuqala lokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngokwengxenye esixoxe ngalo, futhi kulokhu, ukuze sikwazi ukulujabulela izidingo ezilandelayo kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nazo:
- Ukuthi kunenkontileka yokusiza nomsebenzi okhululiwe. Le nkontileka ingeyosuku lapho umsebenzi okhululekile angasebenzi khona, futhi ingaba yesikhashana noma engapheli.
- Ukuthi usufinyelele eminyakeni yobudala ephansi yokuthatha umhlalaphansi kancane. Kulokhu, sikhuluma ngeminyaka engama-60 esimweni sabasebenzelana; 62-63 kuwo wonke amanye amacala.
- Yiba nenkontileka yesikhathi esigcwele. Uma kwenzeka ingatholakali, isisebenzi ngeke sikwazi ukukhetha le fomu yokuthatha umhlalaphansi.
- Kuyadingeka ukuthi isisebenzi sibe nobudala beminyaka okungenani eyi-6 enkampanini. Uma kwenzeka kungafinyelelwa, noma ngabe ezinye izidingo zifeziwe, awukwazi ukufinyelela kuleli fomu lokuthatha umhlalaphansi.
Ukuthatha umhlalaphansi kancane ngaphandle kwenkontileka ezongena esikhundleni
Esimweni lapho kungenziwa inkontileka yokufaka esikhundleni, futhi ukhethe umhlalaphansi ojwayelekile, izidingo okufanele kuhlangatshezwane nazo yilezi:
- Ubuncane beminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi, okuzoqalwa eminyakeni engama-60.
- Inkontileka yomsebenzi. Lokhu kungaba kokubili isikhathi esigcwele kanye netoho.
- Ukwehliswa kosuku lokusebenza. Ukwehliswa kufanele kube ubuncane be-25% bese kuthi okungenani kube ngu-50%. Kwezinye izimo, i-75% ingavunyelwa.
- Yiba nesikhathi esincane sokunikela. Lesi sikhathi kuzoba yiminyaka eyi-15, emibili yayo ngokushesha kungakapheli iminyaka eyi-15 ngaphambi komcimbi oyimbangela. Lokho wukuthi, emibili yaleyo minyaka kufanele ibe phakathi kweminyaka eyi-15 ngaphambi kwalesosikhathi.
- Ngena kwinkontileka yesikhashana nenkampani. Yize usuvele unenkontileka yomsebenzi, lapho usuka ngokugcwele uye osukwini olwehlisiwe kuyadingeka ukwenza inkontileka entsha ibe semthethweni.
Kubizwa malini ngokuthatha umhlalaphansi kancane
Kulokhu asikwazi ukukunikeza inani eliqondile kusukela lapho Kuzoya ngempesheni ehambelana nawe. Okufanele kukucacele ukuthi ngokuthatha umhlalaphansi kancane uzokhokhelwa ingxenye yenkampani, kanti okusele kuze kube sekupheleni kosuku kuzokhokhwa yiSocial Security njengempesheni engaphelele.
Ungasifaka kanjani isicelo somhlalaphansi ongaphelele
Uma ngemuva kwalokhu okufundile ucabanga ukuthi uhlangabezana nezimfuneko futhi kuyinto ongathanda ukuyenza, izinqubo zokucela ukwedlula ingxenye yomhlalaphansi, okokuqala, ngokucela ukuqokwa kwangaphambili kwa-Social Security. Lokhu kungatholakala ngokushayela inombolo yocingo (901 106 570), ngewebhusayithi yayo noma ngohlelo lwayo lokusebenza. Lokhu kuqokwa kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole konke odinga ukukwazi ngokuthatha umhlalaphansi kancane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ube nemibhalo elungiselelwe, okuyi: I-DNI noma i-NIE (eyangempela nekhophi), ifomu lesicelo sokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngokwengxenye (ongalilanda ekhasini elisemthethweni Lezokuphepha Komphakathi); isitifiketi senkampani noma sedokhumenti lapho kutholakala khona ukuthi uzoqhubeka enkampanini; isitifiketi sokukhubazeka (uma unaso) kanye nokugunyazwa koMsebenzi Wezempi noma Wenzuzo Yezenhlalakahle Engena esikhundleni (uma unayo).
Kubalulekile Khuluma futhi nenkampani, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi ayizimisele ukunciphisa ukuqashwa kanye nomholo wabasebenzi, ngakho-ke uzobe ubhekene nesimo esihlukile: ungalahlekelwa ngumsebenzi futhi ungafaneleki ukuthola umhlalaphansi ngokugcwele.
Lapho usuqale izinqubo, Ezokuphepha Komphakathi zizonquma ngodaba futhi ungaqala ukujabulela ukuthatha umhlalaphansi kancane ngenkathi uqhubeka usebenza. Vele, ekwamukelweni kwale fomula kuyadingeka ukuthi inkampani isayine inkontileka yetoho. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungaphikwa.