Izimali zokutshala imali, ezingeni labo elingapheli, zingenye yemikhiqizo ngokwamukelwa okukhulu ngabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Njengomphumela wokubaleka kokugeleza kwemali kwabantu ababekade begcine imali abayigcinile kumadiphozithi asebhange. Futhi ngemuva kwesinqumo se-European Central Bank (i-ECB) sokwehlisa intengo yemali bese uyishiya ingenanani ku-0, usudlulisele iminikelo yakho kwizimali.
Ukuqinisekisa leli qiniso, imininingwane yakamuva enikezwe yi-Association of Collective Investment Institutions (Inverco), ikhombisa ukuthi Isamba semali yezimpesheni sifinyelele ekuphakameni okusha ngaso sonke isikhathi Ngezinyanga zokugcina. Ngale ndlela, izimali zokutshala imali, kanye nezimpesheni kanye nomshuwalense, sezivele zibala cishe i-60% yephothifoliyo yemindeni yaseSpain. Inani elikhulu lamafomethi angabhaliswa lisiza ukuqonda lokhu kuhamba phakathi kokulondolozwa kweSpain.
Kepha uma kunesici esisodwa esizuzisa izinkulungwane nezinkulungwane zabantu baseSpain abagcine ukonga kwabo kule mikhiqizo yezezimali, yi indawo enhle okufanele bayidlulise, ngezinzuzo ezinkulu kubo. Ngisho nokuzuza ngokungayikhokhi intela ngezikhathi ocabanga ukuthi zifanelekile, futhi-ke, ngokusemthethweni nangokusobala ngokuphelele njengoba ubona kulolu lwazi.
Ungayidlulisa kanjani imali yokutshala imali?
Lo mkhiqizo ohloselwe ukonga nokutshala imali ungadluliselwa kwezinye izimali nganoma yisiphi isikhathi futhi kunoma yisiphi isimo. Kepha into ethakazelisa kakhulu ngezintshisekelo zakho ukuthi ukusebenza ngeke kukubize nge-euro eyodwa, futhi ngeke ijeziswe nge alukho uhlobo lwamakhomishini noma ezinye izindleko ekuphathweni kwayo. Vele, inqobo nje uma uzenza ngaphakathi kwesikhungo esifanayo sezezimali. Futhi ungazuza kokunikezwayo okuningi abakulethayo ukubhalisa noma ukugcina le mikhiqizo kuphothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali.
Ungadlulisela izimali zakho kwabanye nganoma yiluphi uhlobo, kusuka komunye wemali engenayo eguquguqukayo kuye kokunye okuxubile, noma kolunye uhlangothi, ayikho imikhawulo yokwenza lolu hlobo lokunyakaza. Zingenziwa kaningi njengokufiswa ngumnikazi wephothifoliyo yezokuphepha. Kuzodingeka kuphela ukunikeza i-oda ebhange lapho kutholakala khona i-akhawunti yezokuphepha. Futhi kungabulawa naku-inthanethi uma unenkontileka ngale ndlela ebhange. Ngokunethezeka ekhaya, futhi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku.
Kungumsebenzi olula kakhulu lapho, nganoma yisiphi isizathu, ungakhululekile ngesikhwama sokutshala imali esinenkontileka. Hhayi-ke ngoba ayiguquki njengoba ubungathanda, akusiyona imodeli engcono kakhulu yokugxila kutshalo-mali ngaleso sikhathi, noma nje inzuzo yayo ayanelisi kakhulu kulokho okulindele njengomtshalizimali omncane. Kuzoba isikhathi esifanele sokuhambisa iphothifoliyo ngezinyathelo eziphakathi kwezimali ezihlangene.
Hlela ukusebenza ngokusemthethweni
Akukhathalekile noma ngabe bayizimali ezivela kubaphathi abahlukene, ngoba ukuphela kwesidingo sokwethula lo msebenzi ukuthi bangabanikazi abafanayo, kungakhathalekile ukwakheka kwabo nenani leminikelo eyenziwe. Kungumsebenzi olula kakhulu ukuwenza njalo kaningi, ukuvuselela imikhiqizo ehamba phambili esenzakalweni ngasinye, futhi ikakhulukazi lapho kubhekene nezimo eziguqukayo esimweni somnotho samazwe omhlaba. Ukugcina isikhwama kwiphothifoliyo, ngokwezibalo isikhathi eside, kuyiphutha elibi elingabiza abanikazi bale mikhiqizo yezezimali ama-euro amaningi.
Ngokuya ngezimo ezintsha ezivelayo, utshalomali lungahluka ngendlela egculisayo ezithakazelweni zakho. Unganqikazi, ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kokonga okutshalwe kuzikhwama zokutshala imali. Yize kungathandeki ukuthi ubashintsha njalo. Hhayi ize, ziyimikhiqizo engahloselwe isikhathi esifushane, kepha eyokuhlala unomphela. Imvamisa phakathi kweminyaka emi-3 nengu-6 cishe.
Izinzuzo zakho zentela
Kukhona isu elizuzisa kakhulu ukuze ukwazi ukulisebenzisa kaningi. Kuqukethe ukukusindisela ukukhokha intela ngokushesha. Futhi lokho kungenziwa ukwenzeka ngale misebenzi, okungukuthi, ngokudluliselwa kwezimali zokutshala imali. Esikhundleni sokukhokha lezi zimali ngokuthengisa kwakho, ungalibazisa le nkokhelo ngokuyidlulisela komunye umkhiqizo walezi zici. Futhi ungalinda nokuthi intela yehle ukuze ekugcineni ukwenze kube semthethweni ukuthengisa.
Kuwubuqili obusetshenziswa ngabatshali bezimali abaningi ukugwema ukubhekana nalezi zinkokhelo ngokushesha. Futhi leyo engenayo eminye imikhiqizo yokutshala imali (izimali ezihwebelana ngokushintshisana, amawaranti, okuphuma kokunye, ukuthengiswa kwezikweletu, njll.). Ngakho-ke, kungukusebenza okuzuzisa kakhulu ongakusebenzisa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngaphandle kwemingcele. Sengathi yisikhwama sokonga, nangendlela yezinhlelo zokonga imali ezikhungo zezezimali ebezikhula.
Izimo lapho kufanele udlulise khona
Kuhlala kunezikhathi ezikahle ngokwengeziwe zokwenza le-oda, futhi kulula impela ukuthi uyazi ukuthi zenze imisebenzi isebenze ngokuya ngezintshisekelo zakho. Futhi lokho kungakhethwa ezikhathini ezilandelayo lapho sizokudalula khona ukuvumelana kokudluliswa phakathi kwezimali.
- Wenze iphutha ngokukhetha amamodeli wokutshala imali, futhi ukubonile. Uzobhekana nethuba lokulungisa bese ukhetha ezinye izindlela zokutshala imali ezifanele isimo esisha.
- Ukuvela kwayo ezimakethe zezezimali akuyona leyo ehlongozwayo ekuqaleni, futhi noma ngabe kunenzuzo enkulu, kungenzeka ulahlekelwe yingxenye yenhlokodolobha etshaliwe.
- Ngaphambi kwe- ushintsho esimweni somsebenzi wezomnotho wamazwe omhlaba, edinga ukwehluka ezimpahleni zezezimali eziyingxenye yesiphakamiso sakho sokutshala imali. Kubalwa ngisho nakwizeluleko zebhange uqobo.
- Ngemuva kokuchitha iminyaka eminingana esikhwameni esifanayo sokutshala imali, kuzoba isikhathi sokuyishintshela kwenye ephendula kulokho okulindele, bese ngale ndlela uqale umjikelezo omusha kuleli banga lemikhiqizo yezezimali.
- Njengecebo le ukwehlukanisa utshalomali ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokonga: imali engenayo engaguquki, okuguqukayo, okuxubekile, okunye, ngemali evikelwe, njll Kuzoba yindlela ebiza kakhulu yokuvikela ukonga kwakho ngokuphepha.
- Kuya nge Iphrofayili yabatshalizimali ukuthi wethula nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, nokuthi akudingeki ukuthi kufane ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kungahluka ngokuya ngokuhlukahluka okuningi okunesimo kuma-akhawunti akho.
- Ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukunyakaza okungazelelwe okwenziwa ezimakethe zemali engenayo ezimile noma eziguquguqukayo. Futhi lokho kuzoba yimbangela yokuguqula iphothifoliyo yokutshala imali ngalowo mzuzu oqondile, noma ngabe kunjani futhi kubunjwe kanjani.
Izipesheli zokwenza ukudluliselwa
Ungasizakala futhi ngokunikezwa okungenakubalwa nokukhushulwa lapho izikhungo zezezimali bezilokhu zithuthukisa ukubamba imali yamakhasimende azo, ezinye zazo zinolaka ngempela. Enye yezinto ezuzisa kakhulu izintshisekelo zakho njengeklayenti nomtshali zimali kuvela ekudluliseleni kwezinye izinhlangano. Hhayi ngeze, amabhange amaningi avuza amakhasimende amasha ngokheshi yokuphatha imali evela kwamanye amabhizinisi.
Kungaba umsebenzi othakazelisa kakhulu uma ucabanga ngokushintsha amabhange, noma kumane kungukuhamba okuthandayo ngokuphelele. Ngeke wenze lutho, kodwa kuzoba yinkampani uqobo oluphetheyo yokwazisa izinqubo zokuphatha ukwenza lokhu kushintshana kube semthethweni phakathi kwezimali zakho zokutshala imali. Ngeke kudingeke ukhokhe noma iyiphi ikhomishini, ngisho nezinye izindleko ekuphathweni kwayo.
Uma unqume ukwenza lo msebenzi, ngeke ube nenye indlela ngaphandle kokuhlaziya okunikezwa yibhange, bese ukhetha amamodeli aletha izinzuzo ezinkulu kakhulu. Ukwazi ukuthi ngeke kuguqule uhlobo lotshalo-mali lwakho, ngisho neminikelo eyenziwe. Uzoqhubeka nokutshalwa kwemali okufanayo, kodwa ebhange elihlukile. Lowo ngumehluko kuphela ozowubona lapho wenza ukudluliswa kube semthethweni phakathi kwezimali.
Yimiphi imigomo oyifezayo ngokudluliswa?
Ngalezi zinhlangano ezilula zebhange, uzokwazi ukuthola uchungechunge lwezinzuzo ongeke uzithole ngezinye izindlela zokwenza. Futhi lokho kuzoncika kakhulu ezinhlosweni ozibekele zona lapho ubhalisa lolu hlobo lwemikhiqizo yezezimali. Noma kukonke, lokhu kuzoba ngeminye yeminikelo ozoyibona ngokushesha.
- Ungakwenza ukuzivumelanisa nanoma imuphi umjikelezo wezomnotho, ngisho nasezimeni ezimbi kakhulu ezimeni zezomnotho. Futhi konke lokhu ngaphandle kwesidingo sokushiya lawa mafomethi ayisikhwama sokutshala imali.
- Izobandakanya i- shintsha ngokuphelele izindlela zakho abatshalizimali, kusuka kuphrofayili oyivezayo futhi uzivumelanise nazo zonke izinhlobo zezimo. Ngaphandle kwesidingo sokulahlekelwa yimali endleleni ngoba ngeke kube khona ukuvalwa kwemisebenzi.
- Uzoba sesimweni soku ukulungisa noma ikuphi ukushiyeka kuphothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali, futhi lokho kungabeka phansi izimpahla zakho ezinyangeni ezizayo. Uzoba nguwe oqondisa isu lokwenza ukonga kube nenzuzo.
- Yimisebenzi kulula kakhulu ukukwenza, nokuthi kungacutshungulwa emizuzwini embalwa. Yize kuzodingeka ulinde izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze ubone ukuthi amasheya wamatayitela amasha asevele efakwe ohlwini kanjani ezimakethe zezezimali.
- Uzoba nesikhathi soku hlaziya ukunikezwa kwezimenenja, futhi uthole ukuthi yiziphi izimali zokutshala imali ezifanele kakhulu kuwe, ukuthuthukisa ikhono lakho lokukhulisa imali oyongile. Noma ngosizo lochwepheshe kulo mkhakha wokutshala imali.
- Futhi ekugcineni, ithuba elicace bha okufanele ulenze vuselela ukonga kwakho lapho ubhekene nezinguquko ezintsha ukuthi umnotho ubhekene, ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ukuklama imodeli yokonga eyenzelwe wena, futhi kuya ngezidingo onazo.