Omunye wemiqondo eyisisekelo yezomnotho okufanele uyilawule izindleko zamathuba. Kuyimethrikhi esiza abantu nezinkampani ukuthi zihlole ukuthi kungaba yini imiphumela yokukhetha, yingakho kubaluleke kangaka, hhayi nje ngokwezomnotho kuphela, kodwa nangokwezimali, ku-macroeconomics ...
Kodwa, Ingakanani izindleko zethuba? Imiphi imisebenzi enayo? Ziningi izinhlobo? Uma ufuna ukwazi konke, qhubeka ufunda futhi uzothola.
Ingakanani izindleko zethuba
Ithuba libiza futhi eyaziwa njengezindleko zethuba noma izindleko ezihlukile kuyizindleko, kungaba eziqanjiwe noma ezicatshangelwayo, ezingenzelwanga ukutshala imali kokunye okuphuthuma kakhulu noma okubalulekile.
Ngamanye amazwi, sikhuluma ngochungechunge lwe izinsiza ezingatholwanga ngenxa yokuthi sasula ukuze sivune esinye isinqumo. Isibonelo singaba nezinqumo ezimbili, futhi unganquma ngesisodwa kuphela. Izindleko zethuba, noma inani lenketho engcono kakhulu engafezekanga, kungaba yileyo ongeke uyikhethe. Okuthile njengokukhetha phakathi kokuthenga i-Coca-Cola nebhodlela lamanzi; Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unqumani, kuzohlala kunezindleko zethuba kulowo mkhiqizo onganqumi ukuwuthenga.
El Umqambi waleli gama kwakungusomnotho uFriedrich von Wiser, okwathi, encwadini yakhe ethi Theory of the Social Economy (ngonyaka we-1914) wakuchaza ngokuthi yikuphi okulahlwayo lapho kuthathwa isinqumo. Kuye, kunenketho eyodwa kuphela enengqondo, kuyilapho ezinye kufanele zilahlwe, yingakho leli gama.
Futhi kungukuthi, ngaphandle kwezicelo zezomnotho, ezezimali ..., leli gama lingasetshenziswa futhi ezingeni lomuntu siqu.
Izinhlobo zezindleko zamathuba
Ngoba noma iyiphi inketho eyenziwa phakathi kwezinqumo ezihlukene okufanele zenziwe ihlanganisa izindleko, izindleko zamathuba kuthiwa ezezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene:
Ukwenyuka kwezindleko zamathuba
Kubhekiselwa kulabo izindleko ezizovela lapho izinsiza, noma izinketho ezitholakalayo, zingafaniNgamanye amazwi, azikwazi ukulingana noma zenziwe zibe inhloso ngangokunokwenzeka phakathi kokulinganayo.
Kulokhu, lezo zinsiza ziba zingasebenzi kahle futhi azikhiqizi. Isibonelo, ukukhiqiza umkhiqizo kusetshenziswa ezinye izinhlobo zezinsiza ezingenayo ikhwalithi efana neyokuqala, ngendlela yokuthi ukuthengiswa kwehle futhi izinsiza ziqale ukungasetshenziswa ngoba asikho isidingo sazo.
Izindleko zamathuba njalo
Zibizwa ngezindleko zeRicardian futhi zinikezwa lapho izinsiza zokukhiqiza zithathelwa indawo ezinye ngaphandle kokuthinta umkhiqizo ngokwawo, ngoba zisezingeni elilinganayo.
Sikunikeza isibonelo esifanayo nesangaphambili, leso owenza umkhiqizo bese unquma ukushintsha ezinye izinsiza noma izingxenye zalezo zici kwezinye ezinekhwalithi efanayo kodwa ezikulethela izinzuzo ezengeziwe. Kulokhu, njengoba akuthinti izinga noma ukukhiqizwa, kuthiwa kuzoba yizindleko ezamukelekayo.
Kungani izindleko zamathuba zibaluleke kangaka?
Uma ucabanga ngakho njalo uma kufanele wenze isinqumo, ulahlekelwa abanye obashiya ngemuva, kodwa, kanye nabo, futhi izinzuzo ukuthi ngabe ukuzuzile, kulesi simo kakade ukulahlekelwa. Ngamanye amazwi, noma yisiphi isinqumo osenzayo mayelana nezimbalwa siletha imiphumela emihle nemibi. Futhi nakuba leli igama elishibhile, iqiniso liwukuthi singalisebenzisa nsuku zonke.
Ngezindleko zethuba ungathola a umqondo wokuthi iyini inzuzo elahlekile ngokuyeka lowo mbono phezu komunye. Futhi yini engasenzela yona? Ezingeni lebhizinisi, ukwenza iziqhathaniso, ngezinye izikhathi ngaphambi kokwenza ukukhetha, ukuze wenze ukhetho olufanele kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, abathatheki yilowo abamthanda kakhulu noma lowo onenzuzo ethe xaxa ekuqaleni, kodwa kunalokho izinzuzo nemiphumela yazo zombili zibaluleke kakhulu ukunquma.
Manje, ngobuningi balezi zimo, izindleko bezingeke zibe inani langempela ngoba ziningi ezinye izici ezingenayo. Kodwa isikhathi esiningi ukukhetha kokugcina kwenziwa yilowo onenzuzo enkulu yenkampani.
Liyini izindleko zethuba kwezezimali
Nakuba kungase kucace kuwe ukuthi yiziphi izindleko zethuba, kungenzeka ukuthi, uma kuziwa kwezezimali, kungase kushintshe kancane. Futhi kungukuthi kulokhu kubhekisela enzuzweni yokutshalwa kwezimali lapho kucatshangelwa ingozi eyamukelekayo. Isibonelo, uma unquma ukutshala imali yakho kumaphrojekthi amabili (A no-B), noma iyiphi yawo ingakunikeza uchungechunge lwezinzuzo. Uma isithathiwe, Izindleko zokwenza ezinye izinqumo kanye nalokho okutholwe ngokhethiwe kufanele kuhlaziywe isikhathi eside ukuze kwaziwe ukuthi ukukhetha okuhle kwenziwe.
Ake sikubone ngesibonelo esisebenzayo. Ake sithi unenketho yokutshala imali kumasheya enkampani noma ukuqala ibhizinisi lezimpahla zokugqoka. Ekugcineni, uyofuna izingubo futhi uyahlangana futhi usebenze phezu kwayo. Nokho, ngemva konyaka, kuvela ukuthi awuzange wenze noma iyiphi inzuzo; okusho ukuthi, unenzuzo engu-0.
Izindleko zamathuba zizobe sezihlaziya ukuthi amasheya enkampani angakanani ngaleso sikhathi ngendlela yokuthi, uma enikeza inani eliqondile, futhi elikhulu kuno-0, kuzosho ukuthi ulahlekelwe yithuba, njengoba ungakhethanga lokho. inketho . Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukube bebenegethivu, bekungaba sobala ukuthi isitolo sibe yinketho enhle, noma ngabe besingakasibiki lutho.
Ibalwa kanjani
Uma njengamanje uzibuza ukuthi izindleko zethuba zibalwa kanjani, singakushiyela isibalo esizosebenza kahle ezingeni lemifanekiso ukuze usiqonde ngempela.
Lokhu:
Izindleko zethuba = Inani lenketho ongayithathi - Inani lenketho oyithathayo.
Ngamanye amazwi, umehluko phakathi kwalokho obungakuzuza ngenketho oyilahlile kanye naleyo oyithathile.
Kulokhu amanani kungaba:
- Omdala kuno-0. Lokho kusho ukuthi isinqumo osithathanga besingcono kunaleso osithathile.
- 0. Okusho ukuthi, kokubili inketho eyodwa nenye yayifana (noma ingathola okufanayo, njengoba udlala ngezindleko eziqanjiwe, le ongazithathi).
- Ngaphansi kuka-0. Okusho ukuthi, uma lokho kususa kuphuma nge-negative, kuzobonisa ukuthi inketho oyithathile beyifanelekile futhi ikwenze wawina.
Ingabe manje sekucace kakhudlwana kuwena ukuthi iyini izindleko zamathuba? Ingabe unokungabaza? Awu, ungacabangi ngakho futhi usibuze.