"Ngikhumbula ngize ngiye emsebenzini", futhi noma kungaba ngamazwi omuntu esimaziyo, kuyinto encane yokuzisola. Inani lezimpilo zabantu ezisengozini likhulu kangako ukuthi izinyathelo ezinqala zomnotho kumenyezelwe yizikhungo eziyinhloko akukaze kwenzeke. Lapho imiphumela yeCoronavirus iqala ukuthinta iChina, izinkinga zezomnotho besezivele zilindelwe. Kodwa-ke, lokho bekungukuhlola kuqala kuphela, isikhalazo sento ekhudlwana ezayo. Imiphumela yeCovid-19 bekufanele ibe ngaphezu kwesifunda.
Ngemuva kokungenzeki kokuqukethe igciwane ngezindlela ezijwayelekile, iplanethi yonke iqala ukuma. Ayanda amazwe ashaya imithetho yokuboshwa, nokuvimbela abantu ukuthi bangene emigwaqweni. Ngokwesaba ukuwa kwezinhlelo zezempilo, ujoyina lezi zinyathelo ezinqala, i imiphumela emibi emnothweni. Izinsika umnotho osekelwe phezu kwazo seziqala ukukhombisa ukuntengantenga, futhi ngukuthi lokhu esikubonayo kuhumusha ngokuthi i-All or Nothing. Izinto zokuqala kuqala, izimpilo zabantu, lapho-ke kuzobonakala ukuthi izinkinga zilungiswa kanjani. Futhi ukuthi kusukela ekuqaleni, indatshana yanamuhla ihloselwe ukubona ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezamukelwayo, nokuthi abanye bacelwa ini.
Imijovo emikhulu yoketshezi
I-European Central Bank isiphenduke umpompi wangempela wemali emasontweni edlule. NgoLwesithathu olwedlule umemezele iphakethe le- ukuthengwa kwezikweletu eziphuthumayo okungabiza izigidi ezingama-750.000 zama-euro. Futhi le mijovo yanezelwa kwiphakethe lezimali elamenyezelwa kusasele isonto ngenani lika-120.000 million. Izikhali zangempela nezobudlova ezenzelwe ukunciphisa imithelela emibi yezomnotho ezokwehlulwa.
U-Ignazio Visco, umbusi weBhange Lase-Italy, kanye nelungu loMkhandlu Olawulayo we-European Central Bank, bavumile bephephandaba "iLa Stampa" ukuthi lezi zinyathelo zizokwanela. Futhi ngokulinganayo, uma bekungenjalo, i-ECB ibizolungela ukuphinda isebenze futhi uma kunesidingo. Lezi zinyathelo zifakiwe ngaphakathi kohlelo lwe- «Pandemic Purchase Programme», okungukuthi, uHlelo Lokuthengwa Kwezimo Eziphuthumayo Oluwumshayabhuqe lumenyezelwe ngesonto eledlule.
Indlela kaFed yokunciphisa imiphumela yalolu bhubhane
I-United States Federal Reserve (Fed) imemezele izolo, Mashi 23 Izinhlelo zakhe ukuhlinzeka ukubolekwa kwemindeni namabhizinisi ase-US ngezinga elingakaze libonwe. Esitatimendeni, umemezele ukuthi lezi zimali zizosetshenziselwa ini, futhi waqinisekisa ukuthi izwe lizobhekana nokuphazamiseka okukhulu kwezomnotho. Ngakolunye uhlangothi futhi ngenhloso yokuxhasa izimakethe zamasheya, ama-dollar ayizigidi ezingama-500.000 azosetshenziselwa ukuthenga izibambiso zeMgcinimafa, bese kuthi ezinye izigidi ezingama-200.000 zengezwe kwizibambiso ezibanjiswe ngempahla. IWashington izosebenzisa ama- $ 300.000 billion abathengi, abaqashi namabhizinisi. Ngokunjalo, iFed ifuna ukugcizelela ukuthi izosebenzisa wonke amathuluzi ayo atholakalayo ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi ebangelwe yiCoronavirus emnothweni.
Iziphathimandla zase-US zizoqhuba uhlelo lwezikweletu oluphindwe kabili ukuxhasa izinkampani ezinkulu. Eyokuqala yokukhishwa kwamabhondi amasha kanye nokubolekwa kwemali, bese okwesibili ukuhlinzeka ngokuthengiswa kwemali kumabhondi asele.
Ngokubuka lokho umthelela wezomnotho mkhulu kunalokho obekubonakala ekuqaleni, izinkampani ezahlukene kanye nochwepheshe babuyekeza imibono yabo ukuze balindele umthelela ozayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, UGoldman Sachs ulinganisela ukuthi umnotho waseNyakatho Melika uzongena enkontilekeni ngama-24% unyaka nonyaka ezinyangeni ezintathu ezilandelayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inkampani ephethe utshalomali iBridgewater Associates, eholwa nguRay Dalio, ilinganisela ukuthi ingaphansi kwesilinganiso sika-3%.
Ngabe i- «Helicopter Money» isondela kuCovid 19?
"Izikhathi ezingavamile zidinga izinyathelo ezingavamile" kusho uChristine Lagarde ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, umongameli we-European Central Bank. Ohulumeni, nabo ababonakala bezimisele ukwenza noma yini, kunjalo, ngokuxhaswa kwezinqubomgomo zezimali. Futhi kungenxa yokuthi izindlela ezijwayelekile zibonakala zikhathele ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, izithiyo ezithile ezibonakala zingenakunqotshwa, futhi izimiso zazo zivimbela izindlela ezithile ukuze zingazinzisi imakethe, zingashintsha ezinsukwini ezilandelayo. Konke kusazobonakala, kepha iziphakamiso ezengeziwe ziya ngokuya zifika.
Ezinye zazo kube ukwehluleka ukwenza imali ngesikweletu seCentral Bank. Ngalokhu, bekwazile ukuzinzisa amanani nokwethembela ezikhungweni. Kodwa-ke, kuleli phuzu, lapho izinyathelo ezijwayelekile zibonakala zingalingani, ukwehla kwamandla emali kunombono obheke phansi, futhi umnotho obonakala ubangele ukwehla komnotho okujulile, lo mugqa ungabonakala usondele kakhulu.
Emzameni wokugcina umnotho uqhubeka noma okungenani kumodi ezimele, lesi sinyathelo esilandelayo singathathwa, futhi yize inketho yokuthenga isikweletu ngqo emakethe yokuqala yayingavunyelwe, kungenziwa okuhlukile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, naku-inthanethi njengoba uDonald Trump ememezele muva nje nikeza izakhamizi imali AbaseMelika, kukhulunyiwe nase-European Union. Futhi, yize impikiswano yemali enophephela emhlane ixoxwe kaningi, lo mbono uyaliwa ngenxa yomthelela oqinile ongaba nawo, omuhle noma omubi. Ukwamukela izinqubomgomo ezithintekayo kamuva kuzoba nzima kakhulu.
Ukungaqiniseki kuphezulu, isitha esizoshaya sicacile
UPedro Sánchez usanda kuhlongoza ukufaka uhlobo lweMarshall Plan ngokumelene ne-coronavirus. Ngenxa yokuthi amanye amazwe abonakala ethinteka kakhulu, futhi ngokuvumelana namazwi kaMacron kaMashi 16, "siyalwa," waphinda into efanayo. Kubhekiswa empini yezempilo, kunjalo, lapho isitha sincane, kepha sinamandla amancane kulokho. Futhi, ngenhloso yokugwema le nkinga yokulingana egcwala phakathi kwamazwe angama-27 angamalungu, waphakamisa lolu hlelo iMarshall Plan elalisetshenziswa yi-USA ukwakha iYurophu cishe eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe II, nokuvimbela ukuqhubekela phambili kobukhomanisi.
Kulokhu, futhi ngethemba lokuthi awukho umnotho ozosala ngemuva, kukhona okuthile okuvumelana ngakho. Kuyadingeka ukugwema ngazo zonke izindlela ukuthi amazwe athinteke kakhulu ahaqwe yimiphumela yezinkinga zokwakheka kwalolu bhubhane. Uma kungenakugwenywa, umphumela wokuphindaphinda ongaletha kweminye iminotho nawo ungabonakala. Ngakho-ke, ngomoya wokwenza izenzo ezihambisanayo, singabona ukuqondaniswa kwezintshisakalo ezinsukwini ezizayo. Le nkinga idlula imibono nemibuthano, futhi ngokusebenzisana inganqotshwa.