Eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-floor clause nomphumela owaba nawo ekubambisweni kwemali kwagxumela kwabezindaba, kwaze kwaba sezingeni lokuthi ibhange lingenziwa ukubuyisa lokho okwakhokhwa kakhulu ngokukusebenzisa. Kepha, Ziyini izigaba zaphansi?
Uma ungazi ukuthi lokhu kubhekisa kuphi, wazi kanjani ukuthi imali yakho oyibolekile inayo, nokuthi kungani ithathwa njengokuhlukumeza, sekuyisikhathi sokuthi uthole yonke imininingwane odinga ukuyazi.
Izigaba zaphansi, ziyini?
Imishwana yaphansi empeleni "izengezo" ezincane ezifakiwe kwizivumelwano zokubolekwa kwempahla futhi ezakha inzalo encane yemalimboleko eguquguqukayo. Lokhu kusebenza noma nini lapho ibhentshimakhi kanye nokusabalalisa kungafinyeleli kulelo nani elibekiwe.
Ngamanye amagama, Kuyisigatshana esifakwa yibhange futhi esisho ukuthi yini inzalo encane umsebenzisi azoyikhokha, kungakhathalekile ukuthi inkomba yesethenjwa, imvamisa eyi-Euribor yemali ebolekwe kanye nomehluko, ingaphansi kwaleyo ncane.
Okusho ukuthi, uma isigatshana sakho siveza ukuthi ubuncane bungu-3% futhi kuleyo nyanga i-Euribor iyawa futhi umahluko iphesenti lingu-1,5%, uzoqhubeka ukhokhe leyo-3%.
Elinye igama ezaziwa ngalo izigaba zaphansi yizindlu ezibanjiswayo. Empeleni, womabili la magama abhekisa entweni efanayo.
Kungani behlukumeza
Manje kungani ihlukumeza? Ngaphandle kokuthi kuyisimo abaningi ababolekwe ngemali abangasiqapheli baze baqale ukuzizwa emaphaketheni abo, bebona ukuthi abanye bakhokha kancane kanjani kanti omunye kufanele ahlale efana, kungenxa yokuthi lezi zigatshana kaningi yethulwe ngaphandle kokubonakala uma kwenzeka emabhange, Ngamanye amagama, abachazanga ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuba nabo esivumelwaneni, abaningi baqala ukusola amabhange.
Kwakungenxa ye-2013 lapho iNkantolo Ephakeme yamemezela ukuthi inzalo encane ayikhokhiswa ukuhlukunyezwa, inqobo nje uma ngabe kwenziwe ngokungabi bikho kokubonisa obala. Esikhathini esithile kamuva, iNkantolo Yobulungiswa ye-European Union uqobo yavumela labo abathintekile ukuba babuyise imali ekhokhelwe imali engaphezu kwayo yonke imali ebanjisiwe.
Lapho kusebenza izigaba zaphansi
Amagatya aphansi asetshenziswe iminyaka eminingi. Ngakho-ke, ungamangali ukukuthola ngisho nasezinkontilekeni zempahla ebanjisiwe esevele iphelelwe yisikhathi. Ngokuvamile, bafake izicelo ezibolekweni zemali ngqo noma ngokungaqondile; kwakuyinto cishe yonke imali ebolekwayo efakiwe futhi, ngaphandle kwalapho umuntu exoxisana nebhange, lokhu kufakiwe.
Leyo Kwakungeyona into abayiboleka yona imali abayicelile, noma ukuthi yengezwe x ngemisebenzi eyengeziwe, kepha "kwakuyinto ejwayelekile" yamabhange.
Namuhla lokhu kuthathwa njengokuhlukumeza, kepha akusho ukuthi imigomo nezibalo ezifana nalezi azikwazi ukuvela, ngakho-ke lapho usayina inkontileka yendlu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyibuyekeza futhi, uma ungayiqondi, iya kuchwepheshe ongakwazi uhlole ukuthi ngabe "kusemthethweni" noma kukhona okuthile okungathathwa njengokubi esikhathini samanje nasesikhathini esizayo sababanjelwe imali.
Ngabe imali engiyibolekisiwe inayo?
Akungabazeki ukuthi, yize idlula leyo minyaka, kusazoba nabantu abazofakwa emabhukwini ezindlu zakho. Futhi lokho kusho ukuthi, uma ubanga, ibhange liphoqelekile ukuthi libuyisele imali kuwe. Kepha, ukufeza lokho, into yokuqala esiyidingayo ukwazi ukuthi ngabe bangempela noma cha.
Ukuze wazi ukuthi imali mboleko inazo noma cha, kufanele thintana nenkontileka yemali mboleko. Vele, ungadideki netayitela lokuthengisa ngoba alihlangene ngalutho nalo. Kuleyo nkontileka, ebeka ngokusemthethweni indlu ebanjisiwe, kufanele uye esigabeni "sezimo zezimali". Lapho, zama ukuthola umbhalo ofana nalona:
"Akunakusetshenziswa ukuthi inani lenzalo lokuqokwa lonyaka eliqhamuka kokwehluka ngakunye libe ngaphezulu kuka-X% noma libe ngaphansi kuno-X%".
Uma uyitholile, khona-ke awubekelanga izigaba zaphansi kuphela, kodwa futhi nophahla. Amanye amagama amabhange avame ukuwasebenzisela lawa: "ukwehliswa kwezinga lenzalo", "isilinganiso senzalo esincane", "ukukhawulelwa kwezinga lenzalo", "umhubhe" noma "umkhawulo omncane".
Into elandelayo okufanele uyenze ukuhlola irisidi ezinyangeni ezimbili ezedlule bese uqhathanisa inani lenzalo elikhokhiwe. Ingabe ayifani nesamba se-Euribor kanye nokwehluka okuvunyelwene ngakho? Ngakho-ke usuvele unobufakazi obungenakuphikiswa bokuthi unaleso sigatshana.
Ungasifaka kanjani isicelo semishwana yaphansi
Usuvele wazi okuthe xaxa mayelana nezigatshana zaphansi nokuthi ungazithola kanjani ekubanjisweni kwemali yakho, kepha yini okufanele uyenze uma uzithola? Yebo, ungafuna ukubuyiselwa kwemali yalokho okhokhe kakhulu, kuze kufike kwi-euro yokugcina. Ukwenza lokhu, kunezindlela ezimbili zokwenza.
Indlela engajwayelekile
Lokhu mhlawumbe kuhle kwabanye, ngoba kumahhala futhi kuvikelwe yiRoyal Decree-Law 1/20017. Kususelwa emfunekweni yokuthi ibhange libuyise konke okukhokhisiwe ngaleso sigatshana. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele:
Faka isimangalo esisemthethweni kwi-Customer Service yasebhange. Uma ibhange lakho linyamalele noma lihlangane nelinye, kuzofanela ukwenze ebhizinisini elisha.
Ibhange kumele liphendule kuleso simangalo. Futhi ungakwenza ngezindlela ezimbili ezihlukile: ukwamukela isicelo, nokwethula ukubala abakwenzile, kwehlisiwe, ukuze wazi ukuthi bazokubuyisela ini. Kepha qaphela, ngoba kungenzeka kungabi yilokho okukweleta ngempela, kepha bazokunikeza isipho, kungaba sokubuyisa noma ukunciphisa imali oyibolekile, ukutshala imali kwizinsizakalo zebhange, njll.
Enye indlela abangaphendula ngayo ukuphika isimangalo. Uma lokho kwenzeka, noma sekuphele izinyanga ezintathu uzama ukufinyelela esivumelwaneni, inqubo iphela ngaphandle kwesixazululo bese uzokwazi ukufaka izinyathelo zomthetho (okuthile okuthi, ngenkathi ukule ndlela, ungeke ukwenze).
Indlela yokwahlulela
Kulokhu iqukethe faka isikhalazo enkantolo nebhange. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele uye kulowo onolwazi ngezigatshana ezihlukumezayo (esifundazweni ngasinye kuvame ukuba munye). Enye indlela ukuya kubameli bese ubavumela bakufake. Vele, kufanele ukhokhe imali nokuhlinzekwa kwezimali. Kepha uma ibhange liyalelwa ukuthi likhokhe zonke izindleko zomthetho, empeleni ngeke kudingeke ukhokhe lutho.
Lapha isixazululo sizonikezwa yijaji elizonquma ukuthi unalo yini ilungelo lokubuyiselwa imali noma cha.
Ngabe uneminye imibuzo mayelana nezigaba eziphansi?