Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zokuba nenkontileka nokuba isisebenzi ukuthi awutholi iholo lakho izinyanga eziyishumi nambili, kodwa, ngokomthetho, unelungelo lokuthola izinkokhelo eziyi-14. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abaningi bayaqaphela ukuthi inkokhelo eyengeziwe yasehlobo (yamaholide) noma inkokhelo kaKhisimusi (yezipho zikaKhisimusi) itholwa nini.
Uyazi kahle ukuthi ikhokhwa nini? Futhi yimalini? Futhi kuthiwani uma ungazange usebenze unyaka wonke? Ungakhathazeki, yilokho esizoxoxa ngakho ngokulandelayo.
Yiziphi izinkokhelo ezengeziwe
Iholo elengeziwe, elibuye libizwe ngokuthi i-extraordinary pay, noma i-extraordinary gratuity, isinxephezelo somholo esikhokhwa ngaphezu kweholo lomsebenzi.
Ngamanye amazwi, kunjengokungathi uthole iholo elengeziwe ngomsebenzi wakhe nangenxa yokuthi unenkontileka yokuqashwa nenkampani noma umqashi.
Zingaki izinkokhelo ezengeziwe onazo?
Kulokhu, i-athikili 31 yeSitatimende Sabasebenzi (ET) esisungula inani lezinkokhelo ezengeziwe isisebenzi esinazo. Ikakhulukazi, iyasitshela:
«Isisebenzi sinelungelo lokuthola amabhonasi angu-2 angavamile ngonyaka, enye yawo ngesikhathi samaholide kaKhisimusi kanti enye ngenyanga esungulwe yisivumelwano esihlangene noma ngesivumelwano phakathi komqashi nabameleli bezomthetho babasebenzi. Ngokufanayo, inani lamabhonasi anjalo lizolungiswa ngesivumelwano esihlangene. Kodwa-ke, kungase kuvunyelwane esivumelwaneni esiyiqoqo ukuthi amabhonasi angavamile ahlukaniswe ngezinkokhelo zezinyanga eziyi-12.
Ngokwalesi sihloko, enye yezinkokhelo ezengeziwe ihambisana noKhisimusi kanti eyesibili ishiywe esinqumweni somqashi, kungaba ngesivumelwano esihlangene noma ngesivumelwano nabameleli bezomthetho. Nokho, into evamile futhi evamile ukuthi le nkokhelo yenziwa ehlobo.
Manje, kungenzeka ukuthi isisebenzi singazitholi izinkokhelo ezengeziwe ngenxa yokuthi zihlukaniswa ngokwezigaba phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-12. Ngamanye amazwi, ngaphezu kokwamukela umhlaba, kukhona nokwengeziwe okuzohambisana nalezo zinkokhelo ezimbili ezihlukaniswa ngezinyanga eziyishumi nambili.
Yimalini ekhokhiswayo ezinkokhelweni ezingajwayelekile
Ngaphezu kokwazi ukuthi ihlobo elingeziwe kanye nenkokhelo kaKhisimusi yamukelwa nini, esinye sezihloko ezithakazelisa kakhulu, ngisho nangaphezu kosuku etholwe ngalo, yinani "elingaphezulu", ikakhulukazi ukuze uhlele izindleko zomuntu siqu futhi imali engenayo (futhi uma kunjalo, ziphathe uma ukwazi).
Kulesi sici, iqiniso liwukuthi inani alinqunywa ngumthetho. ISitatimende Sabasebenzi asisho lutho futhi lokho kusho ukuthi isinqumo sokugcina senziwa ngezivumelwano ezihlangene noma ngesivumelwano phakathi komqashi nabamele abasebenzi.
Manje, ungakuvumeli lokho kukwesabise ngoba kusungulwe ukuthi zombili izinkokhelo akufanele zibe ngaphansi komholo omncane womsebenzi wochwepheshe, okwamanje ngo-2022 ongama-euro ayi-1000 ngenyanga. Ngakho-ke, okujwayelekile kanye nobuncane ozothola kulowo mholo owengeziwe ngama-euro ayinkulungwane.
Ungakwazi ukukhokhisa okwengeziwe? Yebo, ngesivumelwano noma isivumelwano nomqashi kungenzeka ukuthi uthole iholo elifanayo nelenyanga evamile, kanye nezinto zayo ezengeziwe, amabhonasi, amabhonasi, njll. Kodwa, njengoba sikutshelile, lokhu sekuvele kuyinto evela kumqashi, ngoba ngempela kufanele ahlangabezane neholo elincane.
Kwenzekani uma isisebenzi singakaqedi unyaka owodwa enkampanini
Kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu uqale ukusebenza ngemuva kukaJanuwari 1, ngakho-ke, imali eyengeziwe ayilingani nomuntu oqede unyaka.
Ngokujwayelekile kulawa macala, okwenziwayo wukukhipha lokho okuzotholwa ngokulingana nesikhathi obekuso. Ukwenza kanjani lokho? Ngefomula elandelayo:
(Inkokhelo yamukelwe x izinsuku ezisetshenziwe) / izinsuku eziyi-180 = Umholo owengeziwe ngokulingana nezinsuku ezisetshenziwe
Izinsuku eziyi-180 zihambisana nokubalwa kwesikhathi sezinkokhelo ezengeziwe (uma unaka, izinsuku eziyi-180 zilingana nezinyanga eziyisi-6).
Iqoqwa nini imali eyengeziwe yasehlobo?
Ingabe unokungabaza ngokuthi inkokhelo eyengeziwe yasehlobo ikhokhiswa nini? Kuyinto evamile, ikakhulukazi uma ungomunye walabo abasebenzisa lokho okwengeziwe ngamaholide. Kodwa-ke, kufanele wazi ukuthi umqashi akudingeki ukuthi akhokhe ehlobo. Okungukuthi, ngingangena kalula kuwo ngoSepthemba, noma ngo-April. Noma ngoNovemba.
Nokho, mhlawumbe sekuyinkambiso ukuyinikeza ehlobo. Futhi nini?
Imvamisa, uKhisimusi wenziwa phakathi kuka-December 20 no-25, futhi endabeni yasehlobo, singasho ukuthi into efanayo. Kodwa akudingekile. Futhi lapha ithemu yinde kancane.
Ngokuqondile, sikhuluma ngezinyanga zikaJuni noJulayi. Kulezi zinyanga ezimbili kuvame ukujwayelekile. Manje, ngokwezinsuku, kuthiwa izinkokhelo ezengeziwe zingatholwa phakathi kukaJuni 20 noJulayi 15.
Cishe njalo itholwa ngoJuni 25, kodwa uma ibambezeleka, yazini ukuthi umnqamulajuqu uvamise ukuba mude, ohlanganisa amaviki amabili okuqala kaJulayi.
Futhi kwenzekani uma ngingayitholi?
Kungenzeka ukuthi awutholi inkokhelo yakho eyengeziwe yasehlobo. Noma uKhisimusi. Kuhlanganisani lokho? Ake siyihlaziye.
Njengoba nazi, abantu abathola izinkokhelo ezengeziwe ngabasebenzi (nokuthi lokhu kubonakala enkontilekeni yabo nakuba, ilawulwa yiSitatimende Sabasebenzi, kungenzeka ukuthi akudingekile ukuba beze).
Izizathu zokuthi kungani ungatholi inkokhelo yakho eyengeziwe zingaba ezimbalwa:
- Ngenxa yokuthi izinkokhelo zihlukaniswa ngokwezigaba, okungukuthi, inyanga ngayinye uthola iholo lakho kanye nokunye okuhambisana nalezo zinkokhelo ezingajwayelekile.
- Ngoba ufike late emsebenzini. Kulokhu kufanele kube ne-proration, kodwa uma ufake usuku oluhambisana nenkokhelo, noma kamuva, kusobala ukuthi ngeke uluthole.
- Ngoba awunayo inkontileka yomsebenzi. Khumbula ukuthi i-Workers' Statute ilawula izinkontileka zokuqashwa. Kodwa uma inkontileka yakho ingeyokuthengisa ngaleso sikhathi, ngaphandle uma umqashi efuna, ngeke uyithole.
- Ukuthi usukhohliwe. Noma angifuni ukukukhokhela. Kulokhu, umthetho uyakuvikela, futhi ungabika inkampani noma umqashi.
Ubani owafaka umholo owengeziwe
Izinkokhelo ezengeziwe akuyona into ebilokhu ikhona, nakuba iqiniso liwukuthi sezindala impela. Futhi esimkweletayo nguFrancisco Franco owathi, ngo-July 15, 1947, wanquma ukubeka ibhonasi yesonto lomsebenzi (ekuqaleni kwakungeyona inyanga).
Le "nkokhelo" yaziwa ngokuthi "inkokhelo yangoJulayi 18" futhi yanikezwa njengenhloso ukuze abaseSpain bakwazi ukujabulela i-"Fiesta de Exaltación del Trabajo".
Ingabe manje sekucace kakhudlwana kuwe lapho inkokhelo eyengeziwe yasehlobo ikhokhiswa nakho konke okuhlobene nalawa mabhonasi angavamile?