Kunezimanga eziningi futhi ezahlukahlukene izabelo ezisibekele zona kulo nyaka omusha. Yize okunye okulindelwe ngabatshalizimali abancane naphakathi yikhona okuphathelene nezinkampani eziya kuzo ukufika emhlabeni ekuhwebeni kwamasheya. Bahlala benokuheha okukhetheke kakhulu ukuvula izikhundla futhi ukonga kungenziwa kube nenzuzo. Ngokwesiko lezi ukunyakaza kwezinkampani Zibe yinzuzo kakhulu kubasebenzisi abafikile. Ngokuvunwa okungaphezu kuka-10% ezimweni eziningi. Futhi bekungahluka kanjani, ngo-2018 lezinhlangano zizobakhona nasezimakethe zezimali.
Omunye wemisebenzi evusa okulindelwe okukhulu phakathi kwabatshalizimali yilowo onomthombo wakhe oyinkomba yiSpotify. Ngoba empeleni, isizophothula i-IPO yayo. Inqubo iqhubekele phambili njengoba ifayela le- ipulatifomu yokusakaza umculo Usuvele uhambise yonke imibhalo edingekayo kwiKhomishini Yezokuphepha yase-United States. Ngenhloso yokuthi amasonto ambalwa izobe isesimweni sokufakwa ohlwini lwezimali eziseNew York. Kuzoba, ngaphandle kokungabaza, esinye sezikhathi ezilindelwe kakhulu kubasebenzisi bezimakethe zamasheya. Noma okwamanje, ngeke kube khona okunye abangakwenza ngaphandle kokuya kolunye uhlangothi lwe-Atlantic ukuze bavule izikhundla kuleli nani elisha.
Inhloso yenkampani ukuqala ukuhweba kwikota yokuqala yonyaka. Kepha nge-caveat ebaluleke kakhulu ukubhekisisa ngalesi sikhathi. Akukokunye ngaphandle kokuthi ukusebenza kuzokwenziwa ngaphandle kokuya ku-a ukunikezwa okuthengiswayo komphakathi (OPV). Lesi senzo sizoba nomphumela ophindwe kabili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungalimaza abatshalizimali abafuna ukuvula izikhundla ngoba amanani abo kungenzeka angabi nokuncintisana okuncane kune-IPO. Ngenkathi ngokuphambene nalokho, kuzosho ukonga izindleko ezinkampanini. Ixhumene ngokuyisisekelo namakhomishini emabhange otshalo-mali.
I-Spotify ikhuthaza ezinye izinkampani
Lokhu kusebenza kwepulatifomu yomculo okusakazwayo kungaba nomphumela kwezinye izinkampani ezifuna ukuthatha le ndlela efanayo. Phakathi kwazo, izinkampani eziningi ezivela kubuchwepheshe obusha noma ezinobudlelwano obukhulu nazo ziyagqama. Kuyicala elithile le- Uber okubuye kucatshangelwe ukuphumela obala kulo nyaka. Yize kuyinkomba yamaShayina lapho kuzokwenzeka khona isimanga esikhulu kulokhu. Ngokufika kweziphakamiso ezintsha zemakethe yamasheya ezizohlala kuzinkomba zayo eziyinhloko zokulingana. Kulokho okuzokwakhiwa njengethuba elisha lebhizinisi labasindisi.
Ukuzimisela kukaSpotify kokuya ezimakethe zamasheya kungakhuthaza ezinye izinkampani ezifanayo ukuthi zilingise isibonelo sazo. Akungabazeki ukuthi kuzoba yisikhuthazo esisha kuwe ukuqala kabusha izimali zakho kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Ikakhulu, kokunye kwalokhu kusebenza bangaba nenzuzo enkulu kuzintshisekelo zakho. Phakade kuye ngentengo lapho izenzo zabo ziqala khona. Kuzoba ngokhiye obaluleke kakhulu ukuthi le misebenzi iphumelele noma ingabi phakathi kwabatshalizimali. Njengoba kwenzekile eminyakeni eyedlule ngamasheya aseSpain.
I-IPO emakethe yaseSpain
Phakathi kwama-IPO angaba khona ezinyangeni ezizayo, kunamagama amaningana asohlwini lwabasebenzeli bezezimali. Omunye wemisebenzi elindelwe kakhulu emakethe yilowo ongaba yi-protagonist yayo I-Testa Residencial, izindlu eziqashisayo iSocimi ezavela ekuhlanganisweni kweMerlin uqobo neMetrovacesa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izotholakala komunye wemikhakha ethambekele kakhulu muva nje ukwenza lolu hlobo lwemisebenzi. Kepha futhi ngengozi ephezulu kuzo ngenxa yokuntengantenga okuphezulu okudalwe yilolu chungechunge lwebhizinisi.
Umkhakha wamabhange uzobuye uzwele ngo-2018 kulabo ababizwa ngama-IPO. Ngokusebenzisa isiphakamiso esilindwe ngabalimi abancane nabaphakathi. Kungaba elinye lamabhange wokonga abaluleke kakhulu asendulo, njengoba kunjalo I-Unicaja. Ngalo mqondo, isivele inemvume yabaninimasheya bayo yokuya emphakathini ngokwenyuswa kwemali enkulu. Engxenyeni yebhizinisi, njengasebhange, eye yahlangabezana nezinkinga ezinkulu ngonyaka odlule. Akumangalisi ukuthi kuzoba enye yezinkinga zakho ezinkulu ukufakwa kuhlu ezimakethe zezimali kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Amanye amathuba ebhizinisi
Omunye umuntu ongaba yingxenye yalolu phiko yisiqhwaga esikhulu seziqhumane uMaxam. Ungahambisa umnikelo womphakathi ozothengiswa kulo nyaka. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi sekukhona abatshalizimali abaningi emhlabeni wonke asebevele benentshisekelo kulokhu kusebenza okungenzeka. Vele, bekungeke kube ukuphela kwaso ngoba ezinye izinkampani ezibhekene nalesi simo. Isibonelo, Inkampani yezindiza yakwaVolotea ukuthi vele ngo-2015 bebefuna ukwenza lezinhlangano ezimakethe zezimali. Kepha lokho ekugcineni bekufanele ayeke umzamo wokuhlanganisa nezimakethe zezimali.
Esinye sezibonelo ezinhle zaleli qhinga yilokho okwenzeke muva nje nge-More Mobile telecom, obe ngesinye sezimanga ezinkulu zonyaka odlule. Ngokubuyekeza ngenhla kwama-50%. Lapho kufanele ubheke khona uma ufuna ukuthola intengo yezenzo zakho emakethe yamasheya usebenzisa leli su elikhethekile lokutshala imali. Ngaphezu kokumangala ngezikhathi ezithile okuzovela kulo nyaka okhona. Kufanele wazi imithombo yezindaba ekhethekile. Lapho okunye kwalokhu kuhamba kunemininingwane. Ungahle ube nentshisekelo komunye wabo ukubhalisela amasheya enkampani.
Amasu wokuhweba kuma-IPOs
Ukunikezwa komphakathi kokuthengisa kudinga ukusebenza okukhetheke kakhulu engxenyeni yakho. Hhayi kuphela i- faka futhi uphume ezimakethe zezezimali. Uma kungenjalo, futhi ngenxa yolwazi olukhulu okufanele unikele ngalo ukuze uqonde ukusebenza kalula. Futhi kungani kungenjalo, isiko elibanzi lezezimali ngeke likulimaze ukuthuthukisa lezinhlangano ezinkampanini. Kuzoba umnikelo owusizo kakhulu ongakusiza ukwandise lokhu kunikezwa okwethulwa minyaka yonke emakethe yamasheya. Futhi njengomphumela walokhu, yenza izimpahla zakho siqu noma zomndeni zibe nenzuzo ethe xaxa.
- Ukuze wenze le misebenzi ngempumelelo enkulu, ngeke ube nokunye ongakwenza ngaphandle kokungenisa uchungechunge lokudlala oluzosebenza kakhulu kulezi zilungiselelo ezikhethekile. Njengesibonelo, okulandelayo esikudalula ngezansi:
- Kufanele uhlole ukuthi ngabe intengo yokungena ilungile kakhulu. Ngoba kungaba nenzuzo enkulu kuwe ukuthenga ngentengo yemakethe. Lokho wukuthi, lapho amasheya eseqalile ukuhweba ezimakethe zezimali. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uhlaziye ukusebenza ngokuthula kakhulu.
- Akuzona zonke izinhlinzeko zomphakathi ezithengiswayo ezikwazi ukubhaliswa. Yilabo kuphela abakhona kuvumelana nezintshisekelo yabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ngale ndlela, kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi ukhethe kakhulu lapho ukhetha i-IPO enenzuzo enkulu kunazo zonke. Ungalokothi ngendlela engalawulwa.
- Kujwayelekile kakhulu ukuthi lolu hlobo lwemisebenzi yamakethe yamasheya lube ne- amandla aphezulu phezulu kakhulu. Imvamisa ngaphansi kwamadijithi amabili uma kuqondiswe esikhathini esiphakathi ekugcineni kwabo. Akufanele ujahe ngokweqile ukuthengisa izikhundla ozivulile kunoma yiziphi izinkampani ezibe yisihloko salezi zinikelo zomphakathi.
- Ungakhohlwa ukuthi okunye kwalokhu kunikezwa esidlangalaleni kokuthengisa kunikwe amandla ngaphansi kwentengo enikeza okubalulekile Isaphulelo kunani laso langempela ezimakethe zezimali. Lokhu kuthakazelisa kakhulu ukubhalisa ngoba uzobe usesimweni esingcono sokwenza inzuzo lapho uqedela umsebenzi.
Imigomo yokuhlala unomphela kwama-IPO
Esinye isici okufanele usihlolisise ukuthi yimiphi isikhathi sokugcina le misebenzi engenayo eguquguqukayo okufanele iqondiswe kuyo. Bazoncika ezimweni ze-IPO, kepha imvamisa akufanele ulahle izikhundla ngokushesha okukhulu uma ufuna ukwenza ukuhamba kube nenzuzo ngeziqinisekiso ezinkulu zempumelelo. Futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke ngokubeka imigomo efinyeleleka ngokuphelele. Ngoba nakanjani, kungekudala, uzoba nomvuzo ngaleli qhinga lokutshala imali.
Vele, akuyona yonke imigomo ezohlala ifana, kepha ukufakwa kuhlu kwakho kuzokuyalela yona lapho kufika isikhathi sokuthi amanani akho abekwe. Akumangalisi ukuthi lokhu kunikezwa kukunikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu kulokho okufanele ukwenze ngamasheya athengiwe. Ngoba bangakusebenzela ukuthi ube nabo ngamagama amade kakhulu uma kunesidingo. Njalo kuya ngephrofayili yomtshali-zimali omncane naphakathi onikelayo. Kuyisici okufanele uthembele kuso kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Kunoma ikuphi, awukwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi kunabatshalizimali abaningi ngokwengeziwe abasebenzisa lolu hlelo ukwenza iphothifoliyo yabo yokutshala imali. Kusuka kunoma iyiphi indlela ekusebenzeni kwemakethe yamasheya. Lokhu kungaba yindaba yakho ezinyangeni eziyishumi nambili onazo ngaphambi kwakho zokuthuthukisa ukuthengwa kwamasheya ngokunikezwa okuthengiswayo komphakathi.