Kuvela egameni lesiNgisi "Buyisela Kumafa”, Kuyaziwa nangokuthi "Buyisela Ekutshalweni Kwezimali" o RIO. Ingenye yemingcele ebaluleke kakhulu yezezimali namuhla, njengamanje isetshenziswa yizo zonke izinkampani ezifuna ukusungula ezazo inzuzo, The ROA, siqukethe i- ukubala la ubuhlobo okukhona phakathi kwe- bazuze etholwe esikhathini esithile futhi izimpahla global yenkampani.
Ukubaluleka kwayo ngokuyinhloko kusekelwe ekutheni ivumela umbhalisi ngqo izinga le ukusebenza kahle lokho ifa Los izimpahla ingqikithi of a Empresa, ngaphandle kwezinhlobo zezimali ezisetshenzisiwe, kanye nomthwalo imali yezwe lapho inkampani iqhuba khona imisebenzi yayo yezohwebo. Esikhundleni salokho, i- ROA ivumela umuntu ophethe ezezimali ukukala amandla we izimpahla wenkampani ye ukukhiqiza ukuqasha por ellos okufanayo.
Ungayibala kanjani i-ROA?
Ipharamitha ye-ROA ingabalwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
ROA = Izinzuzo ze-EBIT
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Ingqikithi yamafa
Mhlawumbe kubukeka sengathi kuyinkimbinkimbi ukuqonda, ngenxa yamagama, ukucacisa kancane ukuqaphela kwawo kufanele uqonde ukuthi inzuzo I-EBIT okukhulunywe ngakho kwifomula kubhekisa kulezo zinzuzo ezitholwa yinkampani ngaphambili de ukwehlisa Los izithakazelo, the intela, kanye Ukunciphisa inani.
Engxenyeni yesibili yefomula ukhuluma nge Ingqikithi yamafa, incazelo yayo ihambelana ngqo ne impahla emaphakathi de emuva ezilinganisweni okulandelayo.
Isizathu sokuthi kungani I-EBIT isetshenziswa njengesici sokulinganisa ukubala i-ROA, esikhundleni sokusebenzisa inzuzo ngemuva kwenzalo nezintela, ikakhulukazi kungenxa yokwenziwa imali lokho qhubeka of the izimpahla ngokuphelele ezimele kwe- la umthwalo imali mayelana ne inzuzo futhi kumthombo wezimali osetshenzisiwe, yizici zangaphandle.
Este ipharamitha kukhombisa ukuthi izinketho unayo wethu Empresa ne izimpahla okungokwayo, ngamanye amagama, inzuzo engakanani ngayinye euro unayo kuhlanekezelwe kuyo, ewusizo kakhulu lapho ufuna ukwenza ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwe- ezahlukahlukene izinkampani, inqobo nje uma zingaphakathi komkhakha ofanayo, ngoba inzuzo yotshalo-mali iyahlukahluka kuye ngomkhakha ngendlela ebabazekayo. Ngamagama ajwayelekile, singasho ukuthi inkomba ROA kukhulu kuno-5% Sekwenziwe ikhiqiza una ukuzuza okuphawulekayo.
Kumayelana nokubalwa kwe- inzuzo Yenkampani, phakathi izimpahla ezimaphakathi ezinesisindo.
Lapho i- bazuze kubhekiswa ngqo ku- bazuze ithole ngaphambili of the izindleko ngokwezezimali nomphumela intela, ngenkathi impahla kufanele ilinganiswe ezinyangeni ezimbili ezedlule njengoba sekushiwo.
Isibonelo sokubala se-ROA
Isibonelo sokuqala ibhizinisi elenza izingxenye, i- ROA kungaba yi inzuzo ye-accounting Yini etholakala kulo msebenzi ihlukaniswe phakathi izimpahla zebhizinisi, lezi zingavela: emagcekeni, emishinini, emalini, noma esitokisini esisohlwini.
Ngandlela-thile okunye ungathola i- ROA ngenhla komugqa wokuthengisa, inqobo nje uma kucatshangwa ukuthi:
ROA = Imajini ekuthengisweni x Imali engenayo yefa
Ifomula lapho Imajini ekuthengisweni es igual kuya ku:
Zuza
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Ukuthengisa
Futhi lapho i- Imali engenayo yefa es igual a:
Ukuthengisa
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Isamba semali ephelele
Ukuqhubeka nesibonelo senkampani ekhiqiza izingxenye, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili ezihlukile ze- ukubala la inzuzo zebhizinisi, Lezi yizo inani lokuthengisa eliphelele y imajini etholakele ekuthengisweni ngakunye. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukufeza inzuzo ye- 10% yenkampani yezingxenye, kunezindlela ezimbili ezihlukene zokufeza lokhu.
Owokuqala uyathengisa 10 imikhiqizo enenzuzo ye- 1% kanti eyesibili ukumaketha ucezu olulodwa ngenzuzo ye- 10%. Ngolunye lwalezi zinketho ezimbili, kutholakala umphumela ofanayo, into ebalulekile ukuchaza eyodwa ngokuqonde ngqo lapho ibhizinisi lakho liya khona, kuye ngokuthi intengo oyitholayo ukuthola impahla eluhlaza, phakathi kwezinye izinto, uma ungakwenzi lokho unentengo ephansi kunayo yonke, unikeza ikhwalithi engcono kakhulu nezindleko zayo, uma ukwazi ukuthengisa ngentengo ephelele kufanele uthole ukuthengisa okukhulu ngenzuzo encane, okuhlangana ndawonye okuzoqala ukukhiqiza inzuzo enkulu, inqobo nje uma unokuthengisa okunekhono iqembu.
I-ROA iyahluka phakathi kwezimboni ezahlukahlukene
Kungakhathalekile ukuthi umkhakha ungowenkampani kuphi, kuhle ROA Yilona inani lalo elingaphezu kuka-5%, yize leli nani livame ukwehla lize kuye ngokuthi umkhakha wezimboni uhlaziywa kanjani. Ngoba ngokusobala inkampani evela embonini ye-metallurgical ayifani nendawo yokudlela enkabeni yeMadrid.
Lokhu kungenxa yokutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala ukuqala ibhizinisi, ngoba, ukuba nenkampani enotshalomali oluphakeme lokuqala lwezimpahla, ngenxa yalokho kuzoba namandla okuthengisa amaningi futhi kuzokwazi ukufinyelela kulawo makhasimende afuna amanani aphakeme omkhiqizo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma kuqala ngenani elincane lamafa, inkampani kuzofanela ibuyise ekuthengiseni, ukwazi ukuthenga okuthe xaxa isikhathi ngasinye, kuya ngesidingo sayo.
Lapho ukwazi ukuthola izimpahla ngamanani entengo amahle kakhulu emakethe, lapho uzikhipha noma uzikhiqiza, unenketho yokulawula ukufunwa komkhiqizo, isenzo esingalungile ngokombono wami, kepha esivame kakhulu ukwenziwa yizikhulu ezinkulu.
I-ROA isiza ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwezinkampani
Isibonelo esisobala kakhulu sokusebenzisa kwayo ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwezinkampani ukuthi, inkampani ecele imali mboleko yokuxhasa imishini yayo ezweni elinomthwalo wentela ophakeme kakhulu, izoba nokufanayo ROA kunelinye izwe elinomthwalo wentela ophansi, noma elisebenzise izinsiza zalo ukuxhasa ibhizinisi, kepha lithengisa okufanayo. Ukwenza kube nokwenzeka ngalokhu, ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwezinkampani ezisemkhakheni ofanayo, noma ngabe zisebenza emazweni nezimo ezihluke ngokuphelele.
Ulwazi lwabo luvumela ukukhombisa ukuthi inkampani ingenzani nge izimpahla onakho okutholakalayo; ngamanye amazwi, kungakanani inzuzo inikeza i-euro ngayinye efakwe imali enkampanini noma emphakathini. Isibonelo, inkampani kawoyela ene- ROA i-del 15% kusho ukuthi njalo i-euro etshalwe enkampanini ukuthola utshalomali olusha, izokhiqiza 15 amasenti de euro njengoba bazuze.
El umgomo Indima enkulu yabaphathi bezezimali kunoma iyiphi inkampani ukuthuthukisa inzuzo okufanayo, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ukutshalwa kwezimali okwenziwe muva nje, ngakho-ke imiphumela esobala kakhulu iyadingeka kubo. Eqinisweni, le yi umongo okufanayo kwe- izimali of a Empresa, ngamanye amagama, kungamandla ukuthi kufanele enze ukugeleza kwemali engenayo eyanele ukufeza lezo zinhloso ezibekiwe.
La inzuzo yini enayo i- izimpahla imele i- inzuzo ezezimali ukuthi inkampani inayo, lokhu kusho ukuthi i- inzuzo etholakele enkampanini con la utshalomali kwenziwe. Lokho, inani eliphelele elisuselwa kumsebenzi ojwayelekile.
Ngamafuphi, yisilinganiso esivivinya ukuthi inkampani isebenza kahle kangakanani, futhi sisinikeza isithombe esibanzi senzuzo inkampani engayenza kusukela kuzinsizakusebenza ezitshaliwe.
Ukuhunyushwa
Kususelwa kwifomula yokuthola i- ROA lokho okukhonjisiwe, singabona ukuthi inkampani kufanele yenzeni ukuze ithuthukise yayo ROA:
- Khulisa umkhawulo wokuthengisa, ngokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza nezokukhiqiza noma ngokwandisa amanani omkhiqizo.
- Khulisa ukujikeleziswa kwempahla, ukwandisa inani lokuthengisa ezimakethe ezintsha noma kwalezo ezifanayo ngesenzo esithile sezohwebo esizuzisa ukuthandwa nokuthengiswa kwenkampani.
Njengokuhlaziywa, sinakho emuva amamodeli ahlukahlukene ukuthola imbuyiselo ephezulu kumafa: imodeli yokuqala yizinkampani ezinenzuzo ephezulu njengezimpahla zikanokusho, izinhlobo ezifana ne-Apple, iRolex, iBentley, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi sinemodeli yezinkampani ezinamamaki abancane de ukuzuza kumikhiqizo yabo, kepha nge kakhulu ukujikeleza of the izimpahla, amacala afana nalawa: McDonald's, Burger King, Pizza Hut.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-ROE ne-ROA
Kufanele uchaze ngokucacile ifayela le- ROA ne I-ROE ngoba, noma kwezinye izimo zivame ukuba yizinombolo ezilinganayo, kwezinye izimo eziningi azifani.
Uma inkampani ingenaso isikweletu sezezimali, i- ROA futhi i I-ROE zizofanelana. Kepha uma kwenzeka ukuthi inkampani inezikweletu zanoma yiluphi uhlobo, khona-ke i- I-ROE izohlala iphakeme kune ROALokhu kungenxa yesilinganiso esivela esikweletini, ngoba akudingeki izimpahla ezingaguquki ukwenza imisebenzi yebhizinisi ngokujwayelekile.
El I-ROE linganisa amandla ukuthi inkampani okukhulunywa ngayo, ukuze khokha ngokwezomnotho ukuze abaninimasheya ezihlotshaniswa nalokhu, ngakho-ke uma kuthinta izici zesikweletu sezezimali nentela.
El ROA Esikhundleni salokho, isetshenziselwa ukukala ngokunembile ukusebenza kwempahla ephelele yenkampani, kungakhathalekile ukuthi yayixhaswa kanjani nemithetho yentela ezweni lapho kwenziwa khona imisebenzi yenkampani.