Omunye wemikhakha ehlaziye kakhulu ifayela le- imiphumela yokhetho jikelele NgeSonto eledlule ngokungangabazeki bekukwelabatshalizimali ezimakethe zezimali. Ngenhloso enkulu yokwakha isu lokutshala imali lapho bangenza khona isikhwama sabo sokonga sibe nenzuzo kusuka manje. Ngalesi sizathu, izingoma ezahlukahlukene zikahulumeni ezingenzeka kusukela kulo mzuzu ziyahlaziywa futhi lapho kungashiwo ukuthi kungahle kube nesimo esisha sokuvinjelwa kwezepolitiki.
Kunoma ikuphi, esiqiwini kukhethwa ukuthi kulokhu i-PSOE ifinyelela esivumelwaneni kuyabhekwa ne-United We Can, ne-PNV kanye neMás Madrid, nayo edinga i-ERC ukufinyelela uhlelo lukahulumeni noma ukutshalwa kwezimali nje. Okwamanje, ukusabela kwe-Ibex 35 ngalo Msombuluko bekungathathi hlangothi ngokuphelele, kushiya okungabalulekile okungu-0,06%, kuhambisana nezinye izindawo ezwenikazi elidala. Okusho ukuthi, imiphumela yokhetho ayithengisanga phezulu noma phansi.
Kunoma ikuphi, akekho emakethe yezimali ongabaza ukuthi eminye imikhakha izohlomula kakhulu kuneminye (futhi ngokufanayo) uma kwenzeka kuba nesivumelwano phakathi kwamaqembu ezwe angakwesobunxele. Kuzoba mnandi kakhulu ukuhlangana naye ukuhlela amanye amasu okutshala izimali kusukela manje ukwenza ngcono izikhundla ezimakethe zamasheya ngaphezu kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile. Lapho kwakhiwa iphothifoliyo yezibambiso, ngeke sibe khona esinye isixazululo ngaphandle kokubheka lezi zibhegi zemakethe yamasheya ezingasenza sizuze imali eningi (noma siyilahle) ezinyangeni ezizayo.
Abahlomuli: okuvuselelekayo
Uma kukhona onqobayo kulesi simo esisiphakamisayo, akungabazeki ukuthi amandla avuselelekayo njengoba kuyisifiso salezi zinhlangano ukusebenzisa la mandla akhetheke kakhulu. Ukube bekunjalo, besizoba nokuvikeleka okumbalwa ukuze sithathe izikhundla ngendlela esheshayo futhi elinganiselayo. Njengesibonelo nezinkampani ezisohlwini i-Nokia Gamesa neSolaria. Vele, bazoba ukubheja okuwinayo ngalezi zikhathi, ngezinketho eziningi zamanani abo bangaba nenzuzo futhi mhlawumbe nangokuqina okuthile ngoba amanani aguquguqukayo kakhulu ngakho-ke akhuphuka kakhulu.
Elinye ilungu lolu hlu oluzowina kungaba umkhakha onamandla wemithi. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukuthi isimo sokuqedwa kokukhokhwa kwemali emithini ochungechungeni lwezigaba zomphakathi kungenzeka, futhi lokhu kuzoba nemiphumela emikhawulweni yenzuzo ephezulu yezinkampani ezisemkhakheni. Ngezinkampani ezibalulekile njengoba zinjalo njengamanje Faes uFarma no-Almirall. Kepha ngamathuba amakhulu okuthola izinzuzo ekusebenzeni emakethe yamasheya uma ekupheleni kwale nqubo kukhona uhulumeni ongakwesobunxele eSpain.
Izinkampani zokwakha ngezinga elincane
Omunye umkhakha ongazuza kulesi sibalo sokwenza uhulumeni eSpain ukwakhiwa, yize kungaphansi kancane kunalokho okwedlule. Ngoba amaqembu angakwesobunxele ajwayele ukuxhasa eminye yemisebenzi yengqalasizinda ezweni. Futhi lokho kumele amathuba amasha ebhizinisi kwabanye babamele bayo emakethe kazwelonke eqhubekayo. Njengesibonelo, ezimweni ezithile ze- I-OHL, i-ACS, iFerrovial noma i-FCC lokho kungaba nokubuyekezwa kwamanani abo ngalesi sikhathi somthetho.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, bathambekele futhi ekwenzeni izinguquko engxenyeni enhle yezinsizakalo zamanethiwekhi omphakathi kazwelonke. Futhi ukuthi izinkontileka ezibalulekile zingenziwa nezinye zalezi zinkampani ezisemkhakheni. Kunoma ikuphi, okuyisisekelo, akudingeki besabe imiphumela emibi ezothinta izimakethe zezimali. Ukuba ngomunye wemikhakha eyisisekelo yezomnotho waseSpain futhi esimweni esibi kakhulu kungagcina isimo singathathi hlangothi maqondana nokuziphatha kwayo ezimakethe zezezimali ngaphezu kwesikhundla sayo sokuhlangana njengamanje.
Izinkampani ezishayeke kakhulu
Ngokuphambene nalokho, kunamasheya amaningi angalimala kakhulu kwizintshisekelo zebhizinisi lakho. Vele, omunye wale mikhakha usebenza ebhange, ikakhulukazi Bankia. Njengoba uhlelo lwe-Unidos Podemos lucabanga ukuthi luyinkampani ephethwe ngumphakathi futhi engeyona eyangasese futhi empeleni lungenye yamagugu eyehla kakhulu ezimakethe zezimali esimisweni sanamuhla, kushiye cishe u-2% wokulinganisa kwakho. Kulandelwe iBanco Sabadell, eyehla ngo-1,50%.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akukwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi lo mkhakha ungahlawuliswa ezinyangeni ezizayo ngoshintsho enteleni yokuthengiselana ngezezimali (iTobin Tax), ethinta nabathengisi nabatshalizimali. Le yintela entsha ezosetshenziselwa inzuzo yebhange ngalinye ngakho-ke ingaba nomthelela emiphumeleni yezikhungo zezikweletu. Ngenzuzo ephansi ezokwamukelwa ngabenzeli bezezimali nabatshalizimali uqobo. Ukuthi iphuzu lokuthi izikhundla zabo ezimakethe zamasheya zingathinteka ngokuvela kwengcindezi yokuthengisa kumqhathanisi.
Abasebenza ngogesi esimweni sokulungisa
Izinkampani zikagesi azikwazanga ukwenza kahle kulesi simo esisha sezepolitiki, futhi kulokhu ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Ngomunye wemikhakha ebucayi kakhulu ekutheni amanani abo ehliswe. Kepha kungenzeka ukuqhubekela phambili ngoba uma ezinye zezinhlelo zamaqembu angakwesobunxele zigcwaliseka, akukho kungabaza ukuthi bazophoqeleka ukuthi banikeze inkonzo kagesi negesi kubantu nemindeni abanemali ephansi noma indlela engenayo. Ngalokho kungakhombisa ngokusobala ezikhundleni zabo ezimakethe zezimali zikazwelonke.
Ngokwesimo semikhakha, lapho lezi zinkampani zifinyelele ezingeni eliphezulu emlandweni ezinyangeni ezedlule kanti ezinye zazo zicwiliswe kwisibalo sokukhuphuka kwepondo. Enye yezinto ezihamba phambili ekuhlaziyweni kwezobuchwepheshe njengoba zingenakho ukumelana phambili, kepha lokho kungafiphala kusukela manje kuqhubeke ngenxa yezizathu ezichazwe ngenhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanelekile ukuveza ukuthi lo mkhakha usuvele ukhombisa izimpawu zokuqala zokukhathala ngemuva kokuvuka kwangaphambilini. Ngalo mqondo, amanye amanani afana ne- Iberdrola, Red Eléctrica de España ne-Endesa bangaba ngabanye abangasebenzi kakhulu kunkomba ekhethiwe yemali engenayo yaseSpain.
Nomfutho uzophinde uphume kabi
Izinto ngeke zihambe kangcono kakhulu ezinkampanini zamandla ezwe lethu, futhi nakuzo izinkampani zikawoyela. Ngoba ekugcineni i- intela kadizili ukuze uyiqondanise nophethiloli. Ngokwalokhu kubuka, kuqinisekile ukuthi iRepsol ibizoba ngenye yezinkampani ezibalwe kakhulu ezithinteke kakhulu ngalesi silinganiso sentela nokuthi izobona ukuqagela kwayo okuphezulu kuncipha kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Ngenzalo encane kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi ukungena ezikhundleni zabo esiShayamthetho, okuzoqala uma uhlelo lukahulumeni nezinhlangano ezingakwesobunxele lufezeka.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngaphakathi kwalo mkhakha kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi iziphakamiso ngokusobala zimbalwa futhi wonke amehlo abheke ngqo kwiRepsol. Inkampani ngakolunye uhlangothi ibilokhu inyusa isabelo sayo seminyaka embalwa ukuyishiya ezingeni elisondele kakhulu ku-7%. Enye yezinto eziphakeme kakhulu ngaphakathi kwe-Ibex 35, ngokuba ngesinye sezikhuthazo kubatshalizimali ukuthi bangene ezikhundleni zabo ukuze babambe le mali engabazuzisa esimweni sangempela se-akhawunti yabo yokonga.
Imikhakha engathathi hlangothi
Kunezinye izingxenye emakethe yamasheya ezihlala zilinganisiwe nokwakhiwa kwalo hulumeni. Abathengisi ngokuhle noma ngokubi kanti enye yazo yilapho izinkampani ezabiwa ngokudla noma ukudla zimelwe khona. Bazobona ukuthi okulindelwe kwabo kuqhubeka kanjani ngokufana ncamashi kuze kube manje. Njengezinkampani zensimbi kwazise amanani azo abuswa ngamanye amapharamitha ahlukene futhi ngalo mqondo awahlangene nohulumeni wobumbano omusha ongakhiwa ezweni lethu.
Omunye umkhakha ongathathi hlangothi yilowo oxhumene nezokuvakasha ongeke uthintwe yizinyathelo ezintsha zesigungu sikazwelonke. Ngaphandle kwemithetho ethile emiphakathini yezivakashi enesidingo esiphakeme kunesibalo sabavakashi. Kepha empeleni, kungacwila kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwemiphumela ezimakethe zezimali. Ngaphandle kwemigqa yabo yebhizinisi futhi yilokho okungakhuthaza ukuvela kwezenzo zabo, ngandlela thile. Futhi lokho kungabeka inhlanhla yabatshalizimali.