Ukhetho lwePhalamende laseYurophu lwango-2019 luhlelelwe ukuba lwenzeke kuwo wonke amazwe e-European Union ngeSonto, ngoMeyi 26, 2019. Ukhetho lokugcina lwase-Europe lwango-2014 lwalulukhulu ukhetho lwamazwe ngamazwe ezingakaze zabanjwa ngasikhathi sinye. Kepha kulokhu kukhona okuningi okusengcupheni futhi ngokungangabazeki lokho kuzoba nomthelela ezimakethe zezimali. Kahle ngomqondo owodwa noma omunye, kuya ngemiphumela ephuma okhethweni lwaseYurophu.
Ukhetho lwaseYurophu ngoMeyi 2019 luzoba nomthelela oqondile ezimpilweni zezakhamizi zase-Europe. Bazonquma ukuthi iYurophu izosebenza kanjani eminyakeni ezayo maqondana nokunye kokukhathazeka kwabantu baseYurophu, mayelana nokuqashwa, ezamabhizinisi, ezokuphepha, ukufuduka kanye nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Kepha futhi kungenzeka ukuthi kufayela le- ubudlelwane bokutshala imali futhi ngokujwayelekile ngezwe lemali eliyinkimbinkimbi njalo. Lapho izinkomba zamasheya zizoqikelela kakhulu okungenzeka kube nemiphumela okhethweni lwaseYurophu.
Ukwabiwa kwezihlalo kuchazwe ezivumelwaneni zaseYurophu. Isici esinqumayo sokusatshalaliswa kwabantu bezwe ngalinye, noma ngabe amazwe angenabantu abaningi anezihlalo eziningi maqondana nalokho okulinganiselwe ngokuqinile. Njengamanje inani lamaphini lisukela kwabayisithupha lisuka eMalta, eLuxembourg naseCyprus laya kwangamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesithupha lisuka eJalimane. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, iSpain isesigabeni esiphezulu ekusatshalalisweni kwezihlalo zephalamende lasezwenikazi futhi ingakwazi dlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ukunquma inqubomgomo yomphakathi.
Izimakethe Zamasheya Eziqaphile
Ngosuku olulandelayo ngemuva kokhetho lwaseYurophu ngoMeyi, izimakethe zezimali zezwekazi elidala zizonikeza isinqumo sazo, kuya ngemiphumela. Noma yikuphi ukubhekisisa okudlula kufayela le- ukwakheka kwamanje kwePhalamende AbaseYurophu bazokwamukelwa ngemfudumalo yizikhwama. Ukuqagela ngokukhuphuka kokulinganiswa kwamanani entengo nokuthi amanani omkhakha wamabhange yiwona azosizakala kakhulu kulesi simo. Lokhu kukhuphuka kungaze kwenziwe kube semthethweni ngamandla amakhulu, kokubili ngesikhathi saso nasekunyakazeni mpo abangakwazi ukulinganisa kusukela ngalolo suku kuqhubeke.
Enye into ehluke kakhulu ukuthi amabutho alwa ne-european noma ukusika okuthandwayo bakwazi ukudlula okulindelwe okhethweni futhi bakwazi ukulawula ikhamera. Akungabazeki ukuthi uma kwenzeka lesi simo, ukulahlekelwa kuzokwenziwa jikelele ezimakethe zezimali nangamandla amakhulu angajwayelekile. Ngayo yonke imikhakha yemakethe yamasheya ethintekile futhi engenazo nezindawo eziphephile ezingadonsa izimali zabatshalizimali. Okuthile okungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu ezimakethe zamasheya, kokubili esikhathini esifushane naphakathi. Ngale kokunye ukucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe.
Isimo esiningi esingesihle
Uma ekugcineni lesi simo senzeka, akungabazeki ukuthi isilinganiso esihlakaniphile kunazo zonke abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abangasithatha ukulungisa izikhundla zabo ezimakethe zokulingana. Okungenani isikhathi eside noma esincane esikhaleni ngoba ukulahlekelwa abangakuthola kungabonakala kakhulu. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi kungahle kube noshintsho kumkhuba kuzinkomba eziyinhloko zaseYurophu.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungakhohlwa ukuthi kulolu khetho lwaseYurophu indlela phatha le ndawo eyingqayizivele yezomnotho neyezimali. Noma yimuphi umphumela ovimbela ukusebenza kwale misebenzi uzothathwa kabi kakhulu yizimakethe zezimali. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi kungaba nokuncishiswa okunzima ekulinganisweni kwamanani esitoko samasheya. Lesi yisici esibaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni esizothinta utshalomali lwakho futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu kulula ukuthi ubuyekeze iphothifoliyo yakho uma seyaziwa imiphumela yokhetho lwaseYurophu lwangoMeyi 2019.
Amanani azwela kakhudlwana emiphumeleni
Akungabazeki ukuthi kuzoba nezinkampani ezithile ezisohlwini ezizothambekela kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukwanda noma ukwehla kwamandla amakhulu kunezinye. Ngalo mqondo, amasheya ajikelezayo azoba ngesinye sezimo ezibucayi kakhulu kulokhu kuhamba ezimakethe zezimali. Akumangalisi ukuthi futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile bethula i- ukuguquguquka okuphezulu nangomehluko phakathi kwezintengo zayo eziphakeme nezincane ezihambisana kakhulu impela. Lapho, ngokuya ngemiphumela, ungathatha enye noma enye indlela. Kepha kunoma yikuphi, ngamandla amakhulu kuneminye imikhakha yemakethe yamasheya.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezinye izingxenye zebhizinisi okuzodingeka ukuthi zinakekelwe ngokukhethekile yilezo zezezimali lapho kubhalwe khona wonke amabhange. Kuyabonakala kula masonto ukuthi ingenye yezimakethe ezinkulu kakhulu zezimali. Ngokubonga noma ukwehla cishe nsuku zonke cishe 2% noma 3%. Lokhu kuhamba kungaphindwa noma kuqiniswe ngemuva kokhetho lwaseYurophu ngoMeyi 2019. Ukuba yisiphakamiso esiyingozi uma uvula izikhundla kulezi zinsuku. Kuzoba ngcono kakhulu uma ubheke okungenzeka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezizayo.
Izimpahla ezizinzile ngokwengeziwe
Ngenkathi kwenzeka okuphambene nalokho, kukhona nochungechunge lwamagugu oluzokunika ukuthula kwengqondo okukhulu ukubhekana nale nqubo yokhetho. Kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi kube ngenye indlela, imelwe ngamavelu womkhakha kagesi onamandla. Akumangalisi ukuthi kwezinye izimo bavame ukwenza njenge amanani wokuphephela lapho ubhekene nezimo zokungazinzi ezimakethe zezimali. Futhi-ke, okhethweni oluzayo lwaseYurophu bangayiphinda le ndima abayidlale kahle eminyakeni edlule.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, asikwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi lezi zinkampani ezibalwe ohlwini basabalalisa izinzuzo ngembuyiselo yaminyaka yonke ephakathi kuka-5% no-7%. Ngamanye amagama, bazokunikeza ithuba lokwakha iphothifoliyo yemali engenayo engaguquki kokuguqukayo futhi lokhu noma ngabe kwenzekani ezimakethe zemali engenayo eziguqukayo. Uzoba nemali ethe xaxa ku-akhawunti yakho yokuhlola, noma ngabe ukulinganiswa kwamasheya akho kwehla kulezi zinsuku ezikhethekile. Kungaba yisikhathi esihle sokuba uvule izikhundla kulo mkhakha futhi ngaphandle kokunyuka okwenziwe muva nje ehlobo lonyaka odlule. Ngokubuyekezwa kusondele kakhulu ku-30% kwezinye izimo, njenge-Endesa.
Kusondele kakhulu ehlobo
Esinye sezici esisebenza ngokumelene nokhetho lwaseYurophu ngoMeyi 2019 ukuthi zisondele kakhulu ehlobo. Lokho kusho ukuthi, isikhathi lapho inani lenkontileka lehla kakhulu ngakho-ke lilungele kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kokuwa okujulile ezindaweni zokuhweba. Njengoba kwenzekile eminyakeni eyedlule nokuthi babone njengengxenye enhle yabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi babuyile nemali encane kuphothifoliyo yabo yezokuphepha buya eholidini lakho. Lesi yisimo okufanele usigweme nhlobo futhi kuyadingeka ukuvala izikhundla ukuze usifinyelele, kufanele senziwe ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Kumele futhi kushiwo ukuthi sisesikhathini lapho izimakethe zezezimali zingase zehle ngemuva kokubuyekezwa kwakamuva. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthi ungavulelwa izikhundla ezikhundleni zamasheya lapho ubhekene nalokho okungenzeka ngemuva kokhetho lwaseYurophu ngoMeyi. Njengoba kungangabazeki ukuthi kunokuningi ongakulahlekelwa kunenzuzo ngoba kungaba izaba ezifanele zokulungiswa okuphawulekayo kumanani esitokwe. Ngamafuphi, kungumzuzu obucayi kakhulu lapho ungeke ube nenye indlela ngaphandle kokumelana nesiphepho esingenzeka kusukela ngalolo suku kuqhubeke. Sekukonke, kuyizinyanga ezimbalwa lapho uphume ezimakethe zezezimali futhi leso yisikhathi esidlula ngokushesha okukhulu. Ungakhohlwa kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Ukhetho lwaseYurophu: uhlelo lokhetho
Imithethonqubo yokukhetha amasekela idinga kunoma yikuphi uhlobo oluthile lokumelwa okulinganayo. Uhlelo luqinisekisa ukuthi uma iqembu lizuza, ngokwesibonelo, 20% wamavoti, futhi uthole cishe ama-20% ezihlalo eziphikisanayo, ukuze amaqembu amakhulu namancane abe nethuba lokuthumela abamele ePhalamende laseYurophu. Izwe ngalinye likhululekile ukusetha ezinye izinto eziningi ezibalulekile zenqubo yokhetho. Isibonelo, ezinye izifunda zihlukanisa indawo yazo ngezifunda zokhetho zesifunda ngenkathi ezinye zinesifunda esisodwa sokhetho.
Ukhetho luhanjelwa amaqembu kazwelonke, kepha uma sekuqokwe amasekela, iningi likhetha ukuba yingxenye yalo amaqembu ezepolitiki angamazwe omhlaba. Iningi lamaqembu ezwe angaphansi kweqembu lepolitiki lase-Europe, ngakho-ke omunye wemibuzo esemqoka ngobusuku bokhetho ukwazi ukuthi yiliphi kulawa maqembu ase-Europe azoba namandla amakhulu esishayamthetho esilandelayo. Futhi lapho izimakethe zezimali ezikhona zizokwazi kakhulu, kuze kufike ezingeni lokuthi kungaba yimbangela yokuthi bavuke noma bawele ezinsukwini ezilandela ukhetho lwaseYurophu kulo nyaka.