Ngo-Ephreli, iningi lama-indices emakethe yamasheya amakhulu avale inyanga ngokwazisa, avumela izinhlelo zempesheni ngokuchayeka kakhulu kumasheya ukubuya okuhle, ngokuya ngemininingwane yakamuva enikezwe yi-Association of Collective Investment Institutions and Pension Funds (Inverco). Lapho kukhonjiswa khona ukuthi inzuzo yangesikhathi esizayo yezinhlelo zemali engenayo eziguquguqukayo yayingu-4,62% nokuthi leyo yezinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe zemali engenayo yayingu-1,29%.
Lo mbiko ubuye ukhombise ukuthi esikhathini eside esizayo, izinhlelo zempesheni yohlelo lomuntu ngamunye zibhalisa imbuyiselo emaphakathi yonyaka (isamba sezindleko namakhomishini) ka-3,61% futhi, esikhathini esimaphakathi (iminyaka emi-5 nengu-10), bethula inzuzo ka-1,97% no-3,50%, ngokulandelana. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kugcizelelwa ukuthi umthamo olinganiselwayo weminikelo nezinzuzo ngenyanga ka-Ephreli kuzoba: iminikelo ephelele yama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-192,4 kanye nemihlomulo ephelele ye-193,1 million euros, lapho ivolumu yezinzuzo zeNet zenyanga finyelela ku-0,8 million euro.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi lolu hlobo lokutshala imali kuhloswe ngalo ukugcwalisa uhlelo lwempesheni yomphakathi ngesikhathi sokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Ngenzuzo ephawuleka ukuthi ngumhlanganyeli uqobo okhetha iminikelo ezokwenziwa ezinhlelweni zempesheni. Kusuka kumanani anesizotha kakhudlwana kwabanye afunwa ngempela futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi kuncike kulokho okulindelekile ukuqoqa umhlalaphansi wakho eminyakeni eyigolide yokuphila kwakho. Lapho, njengoba kukhonjiswe yi-Association of Collective Investment Institutions and Pension Funds, kungumkhiqizo wezezimali onkontileka ngokwandayo ngabantu.
Izinhlelo zempesheni: zibaqasha nini?
Ukungabaza kokuqala okuhlasela abanikazi balo mkhiqizo obenzelwe umhlalaphansi kulapho kufanele bawubhalisele khona. Kule nkinga, kunjalo, ayikho imithetho ehleliwe futhi eqinile kakhulu, yingakho inikeza i ukuguquguquka okukhulu ezifisweni zabantu abathathe umhlalaphansi esikhathini esizayo. Ngoba empeleni, kungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi futhi ngaphandle komkhawulo wesikhathi. Ngokwalokhu kubuka, kulula ukwazi ukuthi izinhlelo zempesheni zingumkhiqizo ovuleleke kunoma iyiphi iphrofayili yabasindisi abancane nabaphakathi. Ngamanye amagama, alukho uhlobo lwemikhawulo uma kukhulunywa ngalesi sici.
Kunoma ikuphi, ukuze uhlelo lwempesheni lube nenzuzo enkulu, kuzofanele lwenziwe ngokusemthethweni ngokushesha okukhulu. Futhi hhayi lapho kuneminyaka embalwa nje ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlalaphansi, ngoba akukho kungabaza ukuthi inzuzo yakho izokwehla kakhulu. Ngalo mqondo, ukubhalisela ngokwesibonelo uhlelo lwempesheni ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 isu elihle le zivikele ngokwezezimali kusukela eminyakeni engama-67. Lona unyaka wobudala wokuthatha umhlalaphansi kusuka ngonyaka ka-2027 ngakho-ke kuzoba yindawo lapho kufanele wenze khona izibalo emalini ozoyithola kusukela ngalolo suku.
Uhlobo luni lomkhiqizo olulungele wena?
Izinhlelo zempesheni, njengezimali zokutshala imali, zingahlukahluka. Ngoba empeleni, kunezinhlelo zempesheni ezisuselwa kumholo oguqukayo, imali engenayo engaguquki, yohlobo oluxubekile ngisho namamodeli abizwa ngokuthi okunye. Inzuzo yabo izoncika ekutheni baphendula kanjani noma baguquka kanjani ezimakethe zabo zezezimali. Kufanele uthathe njengomthombo oyisethenjwa ukunquma imigomo yenzuzo yakho yeminyaka eyi-10, 20, 25 noma ngisho nangaphezulu. Lapho isivuno esimaphakathi singabalwa khona cishe i-5% noma i-6%, yize ekugcineni kosuku kuzoncika kokuguquguqukayo okuningi okuzoba yinto yolunye ukwelashwa kulwazi.
Kunoma ikuphi, uma uyi- Iphrofayili evikelayo noma elondolozayo Into enengqondo ukuthi ubhalisela uhlelo lwempesheni olungaguquguquki, lapho izingozi zizokwehla kakhulu. Yize ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungakhohlwa ukuthi inani lenzalo lizoba nomkhawulo kakhulu futhi lize likwazi ukudlula amazinga azungeze i-7%, ngokwesibonelo. Kunoma ikuphi, ukukhetha kuzoncika emalini ofuna ukuyonga kusukela manje nokuthi ufuna isengezo sempesheni sibe njani. Ngokwalokhu kubuka, uhlelo lwempesheni lungaba nolaka noma lilinganise futhi kuya ngalokhu, khetha imodeli enhle kakhulu emakethe.
Ngizoba nayiphi impesheni?
Akungabazeki ukuthi ukwazi impesheni ozoyithola ngemuva kuka-67 kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola uhlelo lwempesheni okufanele ulwenze lube semthethweni kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Ngoba akufani nokuthola impesheni yokuthatha umhlalaphansi eyi-1.500 euro ngenyanga kune- a impesheni enganikeli futhi inani lalo lifinyelela kanzima kuma-euro angama-450 njalo ngenyanga. Kuleli cala lokugcina, akukho okunye ongakwenza ngaphandle kokuliqinisa ngemali oyongile egcinwe ohlelweni lwempesheni, noma ngabe luhlobo luni. Ukuze, ngangokunokwenzeka, okungenani, ube nomholo wama-euro angama-900 njalo ngenyanga. Lapho nje imali engenayo evela empeshenini enganikeli nakuleyo eyenziwe ngokuthola lo mkhiqizo wezezimali ingeziwe.
Esinye isici okufanele usivivinye ekwenzeni kwaso okuhlelekile yileso esihlobene nemali ongakwazi ukuyenza yabela lo mkhiqizo wezezimali. Kuzoncika emholweni owuthola njalo ngenyanga futhi kuzo zonke izimo ngeke kuvele isimo esifanayo nesidingo, ngoba kulula ukusiqonda ngombono wabasebenzisi. Ukuphakama kweminikelo yakho, kulapho uqoqa imali eningi lapho kufika umzuzu wokugcina wokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Ngamanye amagama, ukwenza umzamo wezomnotho kuzohlala kukunxephezela. Inqobo nje uma unezinsizakusebenza ezidingekayo zokuhlangabezana nalezi zindleko ezingalindelekile emndenini noma kubhajethi yomuntu siqu.
Yenyuse kancane kancane
Kunomthetho wegolide ezinhlelweni zempesheni othi njengoba isikhathi somhlalaphansi sisondela, kuzodingeka ukuthi ukhuphule isilinganiso sakho sezinhlelo zempesheni. Ukufinyelela okuphezulu kufayela le- iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakho okusebenzayo. Kuyisu eliphumelelayo lokukwenza ngoba ungacabanga ukuthi ama-euro amaningi owengeziwe ozowathola eminyakeni yegolide yokuphila kwakho. Okusekupheleni kosuku kuyini ngokufaka isicelo kunoma yiliphi isu lokutshala imali. Ngaphandle kolunye uchungechunge lokucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe kwemikhiqizo yezezimali uqobo. Ngoba imayelana nokuthi uthola imali ephezulu kulezi zikhathi eziqondile.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunengqondo ukuthi uma ubhalisela uhlelo lwempesheni eminyakeni yokugcina yempilo yakho yokusebenza, kufanele imali engenayo. Ukuze ngale ndlela ukwazi ukukhuphula inani lenzalo ezokhiqizwa lo mkhiqizo wokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Yize lesi silinganiso senzuzo yaso akudingeki sifezeke. Ngoba ekugcineni kuzoba izimakethe zezimali ezibeka izinhlelo zempesheni endaweni yazo. Ukuthi kulula nokuhlela akukufanele ngalokhu. Hhayi kancane.
Yengeza impesheni yomphakathi
Ukuqasha noma yiluphi uhlelo lwempesheni kunezinjongo eziningi futhi kulula ukuthi ubacabangele kusukela manje uhlele iminyaka eyigolide yempilo yakho. Enye yezindawo zokuhlala ezibaluleke kakhulu yokuthi kuyindlela yangempela yokugcwalisa impesheni yakho yomphakathi, noma ngabe iyanikela noma cha. Ngakho-ke ungakwazi unamandla amakhulu okuthenga kusukela eminyakeni engama-67. Enye yazo ukuthi ikuvumela ukuthi ube neminye imithombo engenayo kule minyaka ngakho-ke akudingeki ukuthi uncike kwimpesheni enikelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lokufanisa iholo owawunalo ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlalaphansi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungakhohlwa ukuthi nguwe ozonquma imali ozoyifaka ezinhlelweni zempesheni. Okungukuthi, ungayihlela ngokuya ngezimo zakho nokuthi uzokhokhisani ngohlelo lwempesheni yomphakathi. Ngenkathi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhuphula noma wehlise imali ekhokhwayo noma iminikelo eshiwo kangcono oyinikeza lo mkhiqizo wokonga kubantu ngabanye. Ukwazi ukukhetha phakathi kwamamodeli ahlukene athengiswa ngamabhange nezinkampani zomshuwalense.
Ukusuka kulesi simo esivamile, kunamasu amaningi ongawenza kusukela manje njengoba kungumkhiqizo oguquguqukayo. Okungashintshwa kuzo zonke izimo lapho uzithola ubandakanyeka khona, noma ngabe awusebenzi. Kusuka kumaphrofayili womsebenzisi ahluke ngokuphelele futhi ngokungafani neminye imikhiqizo emile kakhulu futhi engenakushintshwa kuphrofayela yakho njengokufuna lo mkhiqizo wezezimali. Kunoma ikuphi, kuzohlala kuzuzisa kakhulu ukuyibhalisela ukuze uthole imali eningi lapho impilo yakho esebenzayo isebenza. Okuyikho ekugcineni okubandakanyekayo kulawa macala akhetheke kakhulu. Ukwazi ukukhetha phakathi kwamamodeli ahlukene athengiswa ngamabhange nezinkampani zomshuwalense.