Ngaphakathi kwezincazelo ze- ezezimali nezomnotho, kukhona igama elisho ukuhlobana okuningi ne ukukhiqizwa kwezimpahla; Leli gama lezindleko eziseceleni lifaka phakathi ngokwalo izincazelo eziningi ezihlanganisiwe zivumela ukufinyelela encazelweni yokugcina, lapho izindleko eziseceleni isilinganiso soshintsho olukhona kunikezwe ushintsho ekukhiqizweni.
Ngamagama alula kancane ungachaza ifayela le- izindleko eziseceleni njengokukhula okukhona ezindlekweni zokukhiqizwa kweyunithi, lapho umkhiqizo ojwayelekile ukhuphuka. Ngamagama alula, izindleko eziseceleni ziphendula lo mbuzo Kubiza malini ukwenza enye iyunithi eyodwa? Kepha ukuze siqonde incazelo yaleli gama ngendlela ebanzi, kubalulekile ukuthi siphendule eminye imibuzo, ake siqale ngokuhlaziya ukuthi kuyini izindleko.
Izindleko eziseceleni
Lapho sibhekisa ekukhiqizweni kokunye okuhle, sihlala sikhuluma ukuthi ukubamba iqhaza ngokuhlanganyela kwezinto eziningana kuyadingeka, ukuxhumana kwaso okuvumela i- impahla eluhlaza iba umkhiqizo wokugcina, okumiselwe ukuwela ezandleni zekhasimende lokugcina.
Kepha yini edingekayo ukuze sikwazi ukwenza le nqubo?
Thatha isibonelo inqubo yokuhlanganisa isihlalo esilula, esidinga amabhodi, amashubhu nezikulufo. Inqubo yokuhlangana ilula, ngoba yanele ukuthi amashubhu afuthwe ngamabhodi ukuze akwazi ukuba nosihlalo ophelele, lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuze ukwazi ukuhlanganisa isihlalo kuyadingeka ukuthenga impahla eluhlaza ngawo kwenziwa, okungukuthi amabhodi, amashubhu nezikulufo; Kungale ndlela lapho sesazi manje ukuthi kukhona ifayili le- izindleko zempahla eluhlaza. Manje, ake sicabange ukuthi lokhu kusho ukuthini maqondana nezinye izinhlobo zotshalo-mali.
Ukuze kuhlanganiswe isihlalo, akudingeki kuphela impahla eluhlaza kepha futhi kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu, umuntu. Lo muntu owaziwa njengesisebenzi noma opharetha nguyena ophethe ukukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi we Inqubo yomhlangano, sibonga lapho singathola khona isihlalo esihlanganisiwe njengomphumela wokugcina; Futhi into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ekutshalweni kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, manje sesifaka utshalomali emisebenzini, ngoba umholo onikiwe ukuze kutholakale imali yabantu yokwenza inqubo, ubuye uthathwe njenge izindleko zokukhiqiza, kepha akugcini lapha.
Ukuze isisebenzi sikwazi ukuguqula amashubhu namabhodi abe yisihlalo esihle, imishini iyadingeka ukuze ikwazi ukuhlanganisa umkhiqizo, lo mshini ungaba, ngokwesibonelo, ama-drill nezinye izisekelo zokuxhasa inhlangano, utshalomali lokukhiqiza kuyangezwa izindleko zemishini. Futhi, manje, ukuze imishini isebenze kahle kuyadingeka ukuthi ibe nezitolo ezisebenza ngogesi noma ngogesi wokubamba, ukuze ukwazi ukwenza imishini isebenze, okusho ukuthi, kuyunithi ngalinye elihlanganisiwe, kuzofanele kulayishwe eyodwa. amandla.
Ukutshalwa ngakunye kwalokhu okwenzelwe ukufinyelela inhloso yokukhiqiza umkhiqizo othile kwaziwa njenge izindleko zokukhiqiza umkhiqizo. Kepha azikho kuphela izindleko ezibalwe ngenhla, kukhona nezindleko zokuhanjiswa kwempahla noma ezokuhamba, izindleko zokuphatha, izindleko zentela, izindleko zesondlo, phakathi kwezinye.
Izimali
Eminyakeni yamuva sekuyimfashini igama utshalomali, futhi yize ezikhathini eziningi sicabanga ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali kulapho amasheya noma ezinye izinto zokusebenza zezezimali zithengwa futhi zithengiswa, ukutshalwa kwemali akuhlali kulolo hlobo; Kwezokukhiqiza, inqubo yokutshalwa kwemali yenziwa lapho kutholwa imali ethile ethile ukuze ikwazi ukukhiqiza okuhle. Kulezi zimo, imbuyiselo yotshalo-mali olwenziwe ingahluka ezicini eziningi, noma kunjalo, kungukuphela okufanayo okulandelwayo.
Ekutshaleni izimali, singazithola sinethuba loku ukuthengiswa komkhiqizo othile ukuthi selidumile, noma lifunwa kakhulu; Ukuqhubeka nesibonelo sokwenziwa kwezihlalo, kungenzeka ukuthi sithola ukuthi enye yezindawo enamakhasimende amaningi kakhulu ukuthengiswa kwezihlalo; Lapho le ndawo yamathuba isitholakele, sekuyisikhathi sokuqala ukukhuluma ngephrojekthi.
Le phrojekthi ibhekisa ekuhlelweni kwayo yonke inqubo edingekayo ukufeza inhloso yokugcina, okuwukuthengisa inani elithile lezihlalo, lapho umholo oyifunayo. Kungalesi sikhathi sokuhlela lapho kuzokhonjwa zonke izindleko ezizotholakala ukuze kuzuzwe inhloso yokugcina. Lezi zindleko zingukutshalwa kwemali okufanele kwenziwe.
Ngaphakathi kwamaphoyinti athathwa njengokukwazi ukunquma inani lokugcina lotshalo-maliSinezimali zokutshala imali kwingqalasizinda, futhi ukuthi ukuze sikwazi ukwakha izihlalo zethu sizodinga indawo ebekelwe ukugcina impahla eluhlaza abasinikeza yona; emva kwalokho, indawo iyadingeka ukuthi ikwazi ukuhlanganisa izihlalo; bese kudingeka isikhala ukugcina izihlalo esezihlanganisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, isikhala siyadingeka emahhovisi okuphatha nasezimotweni okuzothunyelwa ngazo umkhiqizo kumakhasimende.
Olunye uhlobo lotshalo-mali olwenziwa kule phrojekthi izimvume ezidingekayo ukuze zikwazi ukusebenza kahle; Ngokuhambisana nalokhu, kubalulekile ukubheka ukutshalwa kwezimali kumishini yokulungisa, ezosetshenziselwa ukugcina uhlelo lonke nayo yonke imishini namathuluzi asetshenziswa enkampanini esebenza.
Manje, uma nje usunenani eliphelele lokutshala imali, kulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelelwe enhlosweni, futhi inhloso enkulu yenkampani ukwenza inzuzo, yingakho inzuzo yokuthengisa kufanele yeqe kutshalo-mali olwenziwe. Ngale ndlela singacabanga ngalokhu okulandelayo.
Lapho ukuhlaziywa sekuqediwe, kuya ku-neustra isihlalo sefektri ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphelele kwama-euro ayisigidi esingu-1 kuyadingeka; futhi iphrojekthi ihlelelwe ukukhiqiza izihlalo eziyi-100.000 ngonyaka eminyakeni emi-5 ezayo; Uma sifuna ukuthola inzuzo ngalo mkhiqizo, kuyadingeka ukuthi izihlalo zithengiswe ngentengo evumela ukumboza utshalomali olwenziwe ekuqaleni, nangesikhathi sokulondolozwa komkhiqizo, bese kuthi lokho kuhlanganisa nenzuzo efanelekile imajini.
Esibonelweni sethu, ukuhlela kukhombisa ukuthi kuzokwakhiwa izihlalo ezingama-500.000, lapho kutshalwe khona inani lama-euro ayisigidi ekuqaleni, kanye ne utshalomali nyangazonke maqondana namaholo nezinto zokusetshenziswa, ezilingana nama-euro ayi-10.000 ngenyanga. Ngakho-ke utshalomali lokugcina ngama-euro ayizi-1.600.000. Futhi uma isifiso sethu ukuthola u-15% maqondana notshalo-mali lwethu, inzuzo izofinyelela kuma-euro ayizi-240.000, okwengeze kutshalomali lwethu kusinikeza ingqikithi yama-euro ayi-1.840.000 njengenani lokugcina elizotholwa ngokuthengiswa kwezihlalo. Ngakho-ke ngokohlelo lwethu lokukhiqiza, isihlalo ngasinye kufanele sithengiswe ngama-euro angama-3.68.
Izindleko eziseceleni
Lapho senza iphrojekthi, into engokwemvelo kakhulu ukuba ne- ukuqagela kokukhiqiza nokuthengisa, Kodwa-ke, kunezikhathi lapho ukufunwa kokuhle kudlula ukuqagela kwephrojekthi, ngakho-ke ukuze kube nemikhawulo yesikhathi sokuphendula, amaphrojekthi enza ukucabanga ngokunyuka okungenzeka kokuthengisa, ukuze kwezinye izikhathi izindleko zifakwe kokungeziwe ukuze bakwazi ukusekela ukukhiqizwa okwengeziwe, kulezi zimo lapho izindleko eziseceleni zisebenza ngendlela engcono, okungukuthi: utshale imali ukuze uthole umkhiqizo owufunayo?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi lolu lwazi ukuze wazi intengo yokugcina yalezi zingxenye, esingachaza ngayo ngokunembile intengo yokuthengisa, ukuze izinhloso zephrojekthi zifezeke futhi zigcinwe. Kepha sazi kanjani izindleko eziseceleni?
Ngokwezibalo i- izindleko eziseceleni Imelwe njengokukhishwa kwezindleko eziphelele, phakathi kokukhishwa kwenombolo yamayunithi esewonke; Lokhu kusho ukuthi izindleko eziphelele ezitshaliwe ukuze kutholakale inani elinqunyiwe lamayunithi kufanele zehlukaniswe ngenani lezingxenye zangempela, ukuze lichazwe njengezindleko zamayunithi.
Lezi zindleko eziseceleni zisiza kakhulu lapho kwenziwa amaphrojekthi ngoba ngokubuka kwezezimali, indawo enhle itholakala phakathi kwezindleko zomkhiqizo nentengo yokuthengisa, ukuze kubalwe inani elifanele lapho inkampani ingalahlekelwa khona yimali, kepha ungalihlukumezi ikhasimende. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, ukucabangela leli thuba ekuhleleni amaphrojekthi ethu kuzosisiza ukuthi sibe nemiphumela engcono yezezimali.