I-DAX, i-DAX 30 noma i-DAX Xetra yinkomba ye-blue chip equity yezinkampani ezinkulu ezingama-30 eJalimane ezibalwe ku-Frankfurt Stock Exchange. Njengamanje njengenye yezinkomba ezibonisa ukuzethemba okukhulu ebusweni babatshali zimali, ngaphezu kwezinye izimakethe zaseYurophu ezinokubaluleka okuthile. Ngokubuyekeza okukhulu ezikhathini ezinwetshiwe ezimakethe zezimali. Futhi lokho ngakolunye uhlangothi, kusebenze kangcono ngemuva kokunwetshwa kwe-coronavirus kuyo yonke iplanethi. Akumangalisi ukuthi ungummeleli wesitimela sezomnotho se-European Union.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, futhi maqondana nesikhathi sayo samanje, iDax yaseJalimane ibuyele emuva esilinganisweni esihamba phambili sezinsuku ezingama-200 kumaphoyinti ayi-11.780 13.000, ukusuka endaweni yamaphoyinti ayi-13.000. Ngemuva kokubuyela emuva okukhulu kusukela emavikini wokugcina ka-Ephreli futhi ngenxa yalokho kubeke ithoni kuzo zonke izinkomba zemakethe yamasheya endaweni yayo. Kunoma ikuphi, asikwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi phezulu, ngaphezulu kwamaphoyinti ayi-13.825 ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi, iDax izoba nendlela yamahhala yokuvakashela ubukhulu bayo bomlando ngamaphuzu ayi-XNUMX. Lokho wukuthi, ngesakhiwo se-bullish sesikhathi esiphakathi futhi ikakhulukazi isikhathi eside.
Akumangazi ukuthi ingxenye enhle yabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi bakhethe le makethe yamazwe omhlaba ukwenza ukonga kwabo kube nenzuzo. Ngenxa yokwethembeka okukhulu ekunikela kubo bonke abasebenzeli bezezimali nokuthi ihumusha kumthamo omkhulu wezivumelwano kuzo zonke izikhathi zokuhweba. Iphakeme kancane kunamanye ama-indices, njenge-IBEX 35 njengenye yezinto ezifanele kakhulu ngaphakathi kwe-EU. Lapho nsuku zonke izihloko ezingenakubalwa zishintshaniswa phakathi kwabatshalizimali abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba, kokubili emisebenzini yokuthenga nokuthengisa. Ngakho-ke, kungenye yezinketho abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abanazo kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
I-DAX: inikezani?
Ku-DAX, i-DAX 30 noma i-DAX Xetra kuhlanganiswe izinkampani ezibaluleke kakhulu ezwenikazi lase-Europe. Zonke zinosonhlamvukazi abakhulu futhi ezivumela ukuthi intengo yokuthenga noma yokuthengisa ilungiswe kalula. Ngamanye amagama, ayikho inkinga ukusebenza nalezi zimpahla zezimali. Uma kungenjalo, ngokuphambene nalokho, izikhundla zithathwa cishe ngaso leso sikhathi, noma ngabe uya kuphi noma izwe ohlala kulo. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele futhi sigcizelele ukuthi i-DAX yaseJalimane iyinkomba yezinkomba ngaphakathi kwezwekazi laseYurophu, ikakhulukazi kwezinye izinkomba zaseYurophu. Futhi lokho kusiza ivolumu yokuqasha ukuthi ibe nkulu kunezinye.
Futhi asikwazi ukukhohlwa ngalesi sikhathi ukuthi le nkomba kwizilinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe ibhekwa njengezimo eziguquguqukayo njengoba inemikhakha eminingi yebhizinisi. Kusukela kokujwayelekile kakhulu kuye kokusha kakhulu, njengaleyo emelwe ubuchwepheshe obusha futhi enikeza okunikezwayo okubalulekile emakethe yamasheya. Vele, enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu maqondana nezwekazi elidala ngakho-ke njengesethenjwa sephrofayili yalaba batshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Hhayi ngobuningi, kepha yebo ngekhwalithi. Ukufika ekugcineni kokuthi ingesinye sezikhungo zokuhweba ezinkulu kakhulu kulesi sigaba sempahla yezezimali. Yize ngaphandle kokukhohlwa ukuthi i-DAX njengenkomba ingavakashela amaphoyinti ayi-11.500 XNUMX esikhathini eside kakhulu.
Umehluko phakathi kokuhweba nokutshala imali ku-DAX
Ukuhweba nokutshala imali kunikela ngezindlela ezimbili ezihluke kakhulu zokuchayeka kwi-DAX. Lapho uhweba, okuphuma kwezezimali kusetshenziselwa ukuqagela ngokunyakaza kwakho kwentengo ngaphandle kokuthenga amasheya noma izimali. Ngokutshala imali, uthatha ubunikazi obuqondile bempahla eyodwa noma eziningi ezilandelela inani le-DAX.
Ukuhweba ne-DAX. Uma uhweba i-DAX, uhamba isikhathi eside noma esifushane ekuhambeni kwayo kwentengo usebenzisa okuphuma kwezezimali okufana nama-CFD nokusabalalisa ukubheja. Lokhu kuletha izinzuzo eziningana kubathengisi besikhathi esifushane naphakathi, kufaka phakathi amandla wokusebenzisa - okusho ukuthi kufanele ubeke ingxenye ethile ngosayizi ogcwele wokuhweba ukuze uyivule.
Amakhasimende ezinhlangano ezahlukahlukene zokutshala imali angathenga futhi athengise i-DAX amahora angama-24 ngosuku kusuka ngo-11 ebusuku ngeSonto kuya ku-10 ebusuku ngoLwesihlanu. Noma, ungasebenzisa ngokunenzuzo ngempelasonto ukuvula isikhundla ngoMgqibelo noma ngeSonto. Ngakho-ke uma ubona ithuba lenzuzo - noma ufuna ukubiyela - ngaphandle kwamahora ajwayelekile okuhweba, usengathatha isinyathelo. Epulatifomu yokuhweba yalaba opharetha, ungabona i-DAX eyaziwa njengeGerman 30 ngakho-ke uvule i-akhawunti namuhla ukuqala ukuhweba.
Izindlela zokusebenza ne-DAX
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-DAX CFDs nezokubheja ezisakazwayo: izimakethe zemali nekusasa.
Izilinganiso zemali
Uma uvula isikhundla enkombeni yemali, uthengisa ngentengo yakho - lelo zinga ohweba ngalo njengamanje. Ukusabalala kuncane kuma-indices wemali, okwenza ukuthi kuthandwe ngabathengisi besikhashana. I-DAX ye-IG iyasabalala, ngokwesibonelo, qala ngamaphuzu ayi-1,2 kuphela. Kodwa-ke, uma unenkomba evulekile yenkomba yemali izinsuku ezingaphezu kweyodwa zokuhweba, kuzodingeka ukhokhe imali ekhokhwayo ubusuku bonke.
Ikusasa lenkomba
Uma uvula isikhundla enkombeni yesikhathi esizayo, uthengisa ngentengo yakho yesikhathi esizayo - intengo okuvunyelwene ngayo namhlanje ukulethwa ngosuku oluzayo. Ikusasa le-Index lisakazeke kabanzi kunama-indices emali, kepha ukusabalala kufaka zonke izindleko zokuxhaswa ngobusuku obubodwa. Ngakho-ke uma uhlela ukugcina ukuhweba kwakho kuvulekile izinsuku ezimbalwa, ikusasa lenkomba linganikeza inani elingcono.
Faka imali kwi-DAX
Njenganoma iyiphi inkomba yesitoko, awukwazi ukutshala imali ngqo kwi-DAX. Kodwa-ke, ungatshala izimali zokushintshanisa ezenzelwe ukulandela intengo ye-DAX. Noma ungathenga amasheya kumabhizinisi akha inkomba.
Ukutshala imali kuhilela ukukhetha impahla ongayengeza kuphothifoliyo yakho, ngenhloso yokuyigcina esikhathini esimaphakathi nesikhathi eside, bese uyithengisa ngenzuzo. Ungathola futhi ngezinzuzo - uma ibhizinisi elitshaliwe libuyisa ingxenye yenzuzo yalo kubaninimasheya.
Ngeke uzuze ekuphakamiseni lapho utshala imali, ngakho-ke kuzofanele ukhokhe inani eligcwele lesikhundla sakho ngaphambili. Kungenzeka uthathe isikhundla esifushane - ngokwesibonelo nge-reverse ETFs - kepha iningi labatshalizimali bavele bahambe isikhathi eside.
Dala i-akhawunti ukuqala ukutshala imali kuma-ETFs
Izindlela zokutshala imali kwi-DAX. Kokubili ukuhweba ngamasheya nama-ETF kukuvumela ukuthi utshale imali ezinkampanini ezinkulu zaseJalimane, kepha ngezindlela ezihluke kancane.
Ukuhweba ngamasheya
I-DAX iyehla inyuka iye phansi ngokuya ngokuhamba kwentengo yamasheya ezinkampani ezakha inkomba: njengeVolkswagen, iBayer neDeutsche Bank. Ngokuthenga amasheya kulezi zinkampani, ungathola ukuvezwa okufana nokutshala imali kwi-DAX uqobo.
Ukwakha iphothifoliyo elandela eduze ukunyakaza kwe-DAX, kuzofanele uthenge zonke izinto ezingama-30 bese ukhombisa indlela yokulinganisa yenkomba esemthethweni, okuwumsebenzi onzima. Ngakho-ke, abatshalizimali abaningi bazokhetha amasheya ambalwa ephothifoliyo yabo futhi basebenzise ama-ETF esikhundleni uma befuna ukutshala imali kuyo yonke i-DAX.
Ama-ETF atholakala emakethe
Uma uthenga i-DAX ETF, utshala imali esikhwameni esilandela intengo yenkomba uqobo. Ama-ETF amaningi e-DAX enza lokhu ngokubamba amasheya akha inkomba, ngakho-ke uma uthenga utshala imali ngempumelelo kuzo zonke izinkampani ezingama-30 ezinesikhundla esisodwa kuphela.
Ama-ETF athengwa futhi athengiswa ngokuhwebelana, njengamasheya. Ngakho-ke ungatshala kuzo usebenzisa umhlinzeki ofanayo omsebenzisela ukuhweba ngamasheya.
Kepha yini ehambisa intengo yenkomba ye-DAX? I-DAX ithambekele ekubeni nokuguquguquka okuningi kunamanye ama-indices amakhulu, ikwenza inkomba edumile phakathi kwabahwebi. Nazi ezinye zezici ezibalulekile eziqhuba isenzo sentengo se-DAX.
Ukukhishwa kwezomnotho
Izinkampani zaseJalimane zivame ukwenza kahle lapho umnotho jikelele ukhula futhi bethwala kanzima ngezikhathi zokwehla komnotho. Ngakho-ke izinkomba zezomnotho zingaba nomthelela omkhulu ku-DAX.
Mayelana nalokhu, kungakhohlwa ukuthi iJalimane ekugcineni ingumnotho omkhulu kunayo yonke e-European Union (EU), futhi izingxenye eziningi ze-DAX zithengiswa kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ngakho-ke izihloko ezingezinhle ezizungeze i-EU zingadlala ngentengo yayo.
Lapho izinkampani ezibaluleke kakhulu zaseJalimane zithambekele kakhulu ngaphandle: iBMW, iVolkswagen neBayer, ngokwesibonelo, kuncike emazweni angaphandle ngenzuzo. Amandla we-euro angenza umehluko entengo yakho yamasheya.
Imibiko yomholo. Imibiko emihle yokuhola kwabavoti ingathumela i-DAX phezulu, kanti imibiko engemihle ingayithumela phansi. Inkomba ilinganiswa nosonhlamvukazi, ngakho-ke izinkampani ezinkulu zizothinta kakhulu izinga lazo.
Izeluleko Namasu Okuhweba we-DAX
Khetha isitayela sakho sokuhweba. Isici esibalulekile okufanele usicabangele ngaphambi kokuqala ukuhweba ukuthi ufuna ukusebenzisa isikhathi esingakanani ukuqapha izimakethe, nokuthi uhlela ukugcina izikhundla zivulekele isikhathi esingakanani
Funda izinkomba zakho zobuchwepheshe. Abathengisi abaningi basebenzisa izinkomba ukusiza ukukhomba amathuba amasha nesikhathi sokuhweba kwabo. Ngakho-ke kuwumqondo omuhle ukufunda ukusebenzisa i-RSI, ukuhambisa izilinganiso nokuningi.
Naka umlando wentengo. Isenzo sentengo yangaphambilini emakethe singanikeza izinkomba zokuthi iya kuphi. Ukufunda ukutadisha amashadi we-DAX kusiza kakhulu lapho ufuna izitayela ezintsha
Hlala ubukele izimemezelo ezishibhile. Impilo yezomnotho yaseJalimane, iYurophu nangale kwayo izothonya intengo ye-DAX. Ngakho-ke hlala ubukele imibiko emisha yokwehla kwamandla emali, ukukhula kwe-GDP nomsebenzi
Sebenzisa izexwayiso zokuhweba. Izaziso zezohwebo zikwazisa uma kuhlangatshezwana nemibandela ethile kwi-DAX. Ungasetha isexwayiso sokuthenga lapho i-DAX idlula ibanga elithile, ngokwesibonelo. Ungakhetha uma ufuna ukuthola i-imeyili, i-SMS noma isaziso se-push
Thuthukisa uhlelo. Ukusungula uhlelo ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuhweba oluchaza ukuthi imaphi amakethe owathengisayo, isilinganiso sakho somvuzo wobungozi nokuningi kungaba yindlela ewusizo yokukhipha injabulo emsebenzini wakho wansuku zonke.
Qiniseka ukuthi uyaziqonda izisekelo. Izinsizakusebenza ezinjenge-IG Academy zingakusiza ukukufundisa konke odinga ukukwazi ngokuhweba ngezinkomba ngaphambi kokuthi uqale.
Amanani ahlanganisiwe ku-DAX
IJalimane ingumnotho omkhulu kunayo yonke eYurophu futhi ingelesine emhlabeni. Iqhutshwa ngumkhiqizo wezimboni, izwe lithumela ngaphandle kakhulu kunanoma yiliphi elinye izwe ngaphandle kweChina ne-US, kanti insalela yalo yezohwebo ihlala iphikisana naleyo yaseChina. Izwe libuye libe yikhaya lezinkampani eziningi emhlabeni ezidayiswa esidlangalaleni ezingama-500, okwenza kube izwe elibalulekile kubatshalizimali bamazwe omhlaba.
Izinkampani ezinkulu kakhulu zaseJalimane zisenkombeni ye-DAX 30, efana ne-Dow Jones Industrial Average e-United States. Iqukethe izinkampani ezingama-30 ezinkulu kakhulu zaseJalimane ngemali yasemakethe ebhalwe ku-Frankfurt Stock Exchange. Inkomba iqukethe amagama ajwayelekile afana ne-Adidas AG, i-BASF SE, i-BMW AG, i-Bayer SE, i-Siemens AG, i-MAN SE, namanye amaningi.
Izwe libuye libe nemithombo ebalulekile yemithombo yemvelo, kufaka phakathi i-uranium, ukhuni, i-potash, i-nickel, ithusi, negesi yemvelo. Mayelana namandla avuselelekayo, izwe lingelinye labakhiqizi abakhulu bezinjini zomoya emhlabeni. Ku-2019, amandla avuselelekayo aqeda amalahle ukuze abe ngumthombo wamandla waseJalimane. Ngo-2030, izwe lihlela ukukhiqiza amandla alo angama-65% kokuvuselelwa.
Izinzuzo nezingozi zokutshala imali eJalimane
IJalimane ingahle ibe nomnotho oqinile, kepha ukuqhutshwa kwayo okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuyenza ibe sengozini yezici zangaphandle zobungozi. Isibonelo, ubulungu bezwe be-European Union bulethe izinzuzo ezinkulu, kepha kukhona nokunye ukungalungi ngokuba yingxenye yaleli bhizinisi lezomnotho elikhulu kangaka.
Izinzuzo zokutshala imali eJalimane zibandakanya: umnotho oqinile: IJalimane inenye yezomnotho oqinile emhlabeni, kokubili ngosayizi nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Ngo-2018, umkhiqizo ophelele wasekhaya (GDP) ufinyelele ku- $ 3,997 trillion.
Ubulungu be-European Union: I-Germany izuze kakhulu ngokufakwa kwayo kwi-European Union, okuyisizile yaba nokuncintisana ngokwengeziwe ngokuvakashela amanye amazwe athuthukile namanye amalungu e-euro zone.
Ezabasebenzi nezintela: Abasebenzi baseJalimane bafunde kakhulu futhi, uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwe ase-European Union, baya esitelekeni kaningi. Ikhodi yentela ebumbene yezwe nezinqubomgomo ezilungele ibhizinisi nazo ziyazithanda izinkampani ezithengiswa esidlangalaleni.
Izingozi zokutshala imali eJalimane zifaka:
Amabheyili we-European Union: IJalimane ihlomulile ngokuba yilungu le-European Union, kepha izinkinga ezinkulu zezikweletu, ezinjengenkinga yezikweletu zase-Europe ezaqonga phakathi kuka-2010 no-2012, ziyiphoqelele ukuthi ibambe iqhaza ekutakuleni imali.
Ukutheleleka kwaseYurophu: Amazwe e-European Union axhunyiwe ngezinkinga ezizimele zezikweletu. Ukwehluleka kwezwe elilodwa ukukhokha isikweletu salo kungaholela abanye ekubhekaneni nesimo esifanayo futhi ekugcineni kulimaze ama-balance sheet aseJalimane (nalawo amabhange aseJalimane).
Izibalo zabantu: IGerman inabantu asebekhulile abangabeka umthwalo okhulayo ezinhlelweni zayo zezenhlalakahle. Ngesilinganiso sokuzala esingu-1,45 ngonyaka we-2010, izwe lihola abanye abaningi eNtshonalanga, kepha lisengaphansi kwesilinganiso semvelo sokushintshwa esingu-2,1. Kodwa-ke, amazinga aphezulu okuthuthela kwamanye amazwe, njengalawo eza nokuqala kwenkinga yokufuduka kwabantu baseYurophu ngo-2015, angasiza ekuqiniseni lezi zinhlelo.
Umnotho uhamba kancane: I-GDP yaseJalimane yehle ngo-0,1% kwikota yesibili ka-2019. Kunezizathu eziningi ezenzekile, kubandakanya ukukhathazeka ngokuhwebelana komhlaba okwehlise umnotho amaningi, ngakho-ke iGermany ayibhekene nale ngozi yodwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuwa kwe-GDP kuhlala kungubungozi obufanele ukubonwa, njengoba kunjalo nokwenyuka kwamanani entengo, okungahle kube nomthelela ezweni ngezinga eliphezulu lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.