Lo nyaka omusha awuqalanga ngendlela enhle uma ubeke imali oyilondolozile ku- imali engenayo. Cishe ubungakulindelanga, kepha iqiniso ukuthi izikhala zakho ezivulekile zizolahleka ngemuva kokudlula kwamasonto okuqala ka-2016. Inkomba ekhethiwe yaseSpain yehla cishe ngo-10% ngalesi sikhathi, ngamanani angabaluleki kahle. Abanye babo ngisho nasezingeni eliphansi lomlando.
Njengoba kunikezwe lesi simo esethulwe izimakethe zezimali, kuyinto ejwayelekile ukuthi ukudikibala sekuzinzile endimeni yakho njengomtshali-zimali omncane. Ikakhulukazi uma ucabanga ukuthi uJanuwari yinyanga enamandla kakhulu, futhi imvamisa iveza ukubuyekezwa okuphawulekayo kuzo zonke izimakethe zamasheya zomhlaba wonke, njengoba kwenzekile eminyakeni yamuva. Kulo nyaka cishe wonke ama-stock indices abomvu, futhi kwamangaza abahlaziyi abaningi bezezimali.
Kepha kwenzekeni ngempela ukuze izimali zisesimweni sokulahlekelwa okujwayelekile? Yebo, izinto eziningi azibangelwa yimbangela eyodwa kuphela. Noma kunjalo eyinhloko ivela ekwehleni komnotho waseChina, futhi lokho kusinda kwezinye izindawo. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ezinye izici ezisiza izimakethe zamasheya emhlabeni wonke zithathe leli thuba elingenathemba.
Ikakhulukazi eSpain, lapho ukungazinzi kwezepolitiki kunomthelela ekwandiseni ukulahleka uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izimakethe zamasheya. Khumbula nje lokho Amabhange aseSpain alahlekelwe cishe ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-20.000 XNUMX emasontweni edlule.
Amasu okuhweba ezimakethe zamasheya
Abanye abahlaziyi bezezimali bebevele bexwayisa ukuthi le nkambo entsha ngeke ibe mnandi njengalezi ezedlule. Kepha kunalokho, bekuzoletha ukungazinzi okuningi, nokungaqiniseki. Akumangalisi ukuthi ngisho nokushiwo ngokucacile lokho amasheya asevele enentengo ekuwohlokeni komnotho okusha emazweni amakhulu.
Njengoba ubhekene nalesi simo esethulwe izimakethe zamasheya, impela uyazibuza ukuthi yini ongayenza: faka izimali ezisebenzisa amanani entengo aphansi, uthengise uma ngabe usuthathe izikhundla, noma ulinde ukubona ukuthi aguqula kanjani ama-stock stock.
Ngokuya ngezikhundla zakho, kuzofanele ukhethe isu elilodwa noma elinye elizokusiza ezinyangeni ezizayo, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke lokho kuhloselwe ukuvikela ukonga kwakho ekungazinzi okulethwa izimakethe zamasheya ngesikhathi semigoqo yokuqala yonyaka omusha. Futhi ungagxila egameni elilodwa nje kuphela, isexwayiso. Yiyo okufanele iqondise izenzo zakho kusukela manje kuqhubeke, uma ungafuni ukuthatha noma yiziphi izimanga ezingezinhle kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Ngezikhundla ezivulekile ezimakethe
Uma usuvele uthathe isikhundla emakethe yamasheya, impela isimo sakho samanje ngeke sisizuzise ngalutho, futhi yini okubi kakhulu, unezixazululo ezimbalwa ongaphendukela kuzo. Okunengqondo kunazo zonke ukulinda izimakethe ukuthi ziphinde zithole (noma okungenani zehlise umoya), futhi ungenza inzuzo etholakalayo kulondolozo lwakho ngokuthengiwe okwenziwe. Yize ukungaqiniseki okulethwa izinkomba kungakusinda ekuthatheni lesi sinqumo.
Enye indlela ongakhetha ngayo ukuthengisa amasheya akho, nokumboza ukulahleka, wenze ukubuyisa lapho amasheya efinyelela amanani aphansi (uma lesi simo senzeka). Noma kunjalo, akufanele wenze isinqumo sishiseEsikhundleni salokho, kufanele icatshangelwe ngokucophelela njengomphumela wokuhlaziywa kwezimakethe zezimali. Futhi ngokuchaza ngokucacile izinhloso zakho, kufanele wazi ukuthi ufunani.
Ngokuthengiswa kwemali kuma-akhawunti akho
Kwenzeka esinye isimo, futhi ngiyethemba kunjalo, ngoba ngabe ubukade uqaphile ekuqaleni konyaka futhi awukavuli sikhala ezimakethe. Siyakuhalalisela uma kunjalo, ngoba uzokwazi ukusebenzisa amanani aphansi kakhulu kwikhotheshini yakho ezinyangeni ezizayo. Futhi kwezinye izimo, ngamathuba okuthenga kwangempela.
Ukuze uzuze kulesi simo, kufanele ulinganise izinga lentengo yokulingana, futhi uma kwenzeka wenza iphansi ekunyakazeni okuphansi kwamanje, khetha ukuthenga okukhethayo, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ulaka kakhulu, ukuvumela ukuthi uthole amandla wokuhlaziya aphezulu kakhulu kulo nyaka.
Inzuzo yemali eqoqiwe eqoqwe phakathi neminye iminyaka
Kubuye kucatshangwe esinye isimo, okungukuthi ngokuphepha okukhulu, ongaba naso ngalesi sikhathi. Kungaba yileso lapho, ngaphandle kokuphahlazeka kwemakethe yamasheya ezinyangeni ezedlule, ube nephothifoliyo yakho enenzuzo ephawulekayo, ngenxa yokubuyekezwa kwamasheya eminyakeni emine edlule. Kanjalo, ngeke usalinda isikhathi eside ukuvala izikhundla. Futhi usebenzise noma yikuphi ukuphindaphinda kwamanani abo ukukhulisa umsebenzi wokuthengisa ngempumelelo enkulu.
Futhi lokho kuzokusiza ube namathuba amaningi ebhizinisi ngekusasa, futhi mhlawumbe ngamanani wokuncintisana kakhulu, ongawenza nasezinkampanini owathengise ngazo amasheya phambilini. Kuphela uma ungumtshali-zimali wesikhathi eside kakhulu, futhi utshale imali ekuvikelekeni okwabiwe kakhulu phakathi kwabaninimasheya, lapho ungacabanga ngokugcina izikhundla zakho zokutshala imali, yize uthatha ubungozi obukhulu ekuvikeleni imali oyongile.
Izeluleko eziyishumi nanye zokugcina imali oyitshalile
Kunoma ikuphi, futhi ngaphandle kwesimo samanje sokutshala kwakho imali, kufanele wamukele kakhudlwana uchungechunge lweziqondiso zokuziphatha lokho kuzoba wusizo kakhulu unyaka wonke. Ikakhulukazi lapho kubhekene nesimo esineziyaluyalu kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe ekuqaleni, futhi okungaholela ekulahlekelweni kufakwe ngokuqinisekile ezimakethe zezimali.
Ungasebenzisa amasu ahlukene, kuya ngephrofayili oyivezayo, nezenzo zakho ezimakethe zezezimali zizohluka. Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele ucace bha ukuthi yiziphi izinhloso oziphishekelayo, futhi uhambisane nazo.
Bazosekelwa ngokuyinhloko ekongeni nasekuvikeleni izimali ezitshaliwe. Kepha futhi nasekusebenziseni ukunyakaza okuphezulu okuzokwenziwa unyaka wonke, ngaphandle kokungabaza, ukuze kwandiswe ukulingana ekupheleni konyaka. Vele, ngeke kube umsebenzi olula, kepha kuzodinga ukuthi usebenzise kahle izincomo ezilandelayo. Kuzoba ukhiye wokutshala imali ngempumelelo.
- Sebenzisa noma yikuphi ikhefu lokumelana ngokuphepha okubalwe ukungena kumasheya, ngoba lokhu kuhamba kubonisa ukuthembeka okukhulu ekukhuphukeni kwezindawo kumanani.
- Ungazami ukungena ezimakethe zamasheya kuze kube yilapho isimo esisha somnotho sesiphelile, futhi inhlabathi ingakhiwa ngokuvumelana okuthile. Izosiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokuqala, yize kungenalo ulaka olukhulu. Ukuhamba kancane kancane, kuya ngesimo, ukunqwabelana ngokuthenga okusha.
- Uma nje amanani ezokuphepha eqhubeka nokukhombisa ukwehla okuncane (njengoba kunjalo manje), kungcono ube semaceleni kwanoma yikuphi ukunyakaza, futhi uqondise imali oyongele kwezinye izimpahla zezimali eziphephe futhi eziqinisekisa ukubuyiselwa okuncane.
- Isihluthulelo sokusebenza kahle kwemakethe yamasheya silele ekwazini ukulinda, futhi unyaka mude kakhulu, futhi ngokuqinisekile uzoba nomvuzo othile ngokusebenzisa leli qhinga. Uzoba nesikhathi sokuthumela ama-oda wokuthenga emakethe yezimali, futhi awudingi ukuwenza abe semthethweni njengamanje.
- Tshala imali kuphela ongeke uyidinge esikhathini esifushane naphakathi, Ukukuvikela ekulahlekelweni okungenzeka kuphothifoliyo yakho yezokuphepha. Futhi ukuyithuthukisa njengokusebenza kwesikhathi eside, phakathi kweminyaka emi-2 nengu-3, ngaphandle kokuxhamazela ekuqedweni kwayo. Hlala wazi ukuthi kuzofanele ukhokhele isikole sezingane, izikweletu zasekhaya, izibopho zentela ...
- Cabanga ngamathuba wangempela we tshala imali ezimakethe ezihlehlayo. Awukwazi ukwenza imali kuphela lapho imakethe yamasheya ikhuphuka, kepha ukunyakaza kwe-bearish kuyatholakala emikhiqizweni yezezimali ukwenza imali oyongele izuze. Ngokuyinhloko ngezimali zokutshala imali, ama-ETF nokuthengiswa kwezikweletu, phakathi kwabanye.
- Uma utshala imali yakho kuzimo ze-bearish, kuzofanela uphrinte ubugagu obukhulu ekusebenzeni okwenziwe, ngenxa yengozi ebonakalayo yalokho. Futhi ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukubuyela emuva kuzintengo zabo, ngeke ube nenye indlela ngaphandle kokuphuma ezimakethe.. Ngaphandle kokulinda ithuba lesibili.
- Isikweletu sizoba ngenye yezimpahla ezaziswa kakhulu kulo nyaka, futhi lokho kuzokusiza ukuthi ube sesimweni sokuthola amathuba amahle kakhulu okuthenga ezinyangeni ezizayo, ngaphandle kokuvaleleka kunoma yiliphi inani le-equity.
- Okwamanje imakethe yamasheya yaseSpain ingenye yezimakethe ezithinteke kakhulu zezimali zamazwe omhlaba. Ukungaqiniseki kwezepolitiki kusithwalisa kanzima isinqumo sabatshalizimali abakhulu. Ungayizama kwezinye izimakethe zamasheya ezethula isici sobuchwepheshe esingcono, futhi ezingakhulisa ukunyakaza okuphezulu kalula.
- Lungiselela ukufaka amasheya ajeziswa kanzima kungekudala, nokuthi banamanani akhanga kakhulu okuvula izikhundla. I-Santander, cishe ama-euro ama-4, i-Arcelor, ekuvinjelweni kwama-euro ama-3, noma i-BBVA cishe ema-euro ayisithupha, kungaba ezinye izindlela zokwakha iphothifoliyo yakho kusuka emazingeni anconywe kakhulu kulokho okulindele njengomtshalizimali.
- Izinga lokuthengiswa kakhulu emakethe yamasheya kazwelonke (nakwezinye izimakethe zomhlaba wonke) libonakala kakhulu, futhi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ukubuyela kokuvumelana okukhulu kungakhiwa lokho kuthatha izenzo zibe ngamanani aphezulu kakhulu kunalawa wamanje. Kungaba yisixazululo ekungabazeni kwakho ngokuthi wenzeni ngalesi sikhathi, uzuze kulesi sibalo ongasibona kumagrafu.