Elinye lamaphutha amakhulu abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abakwenzayo ukwehlisa utshalomali lwabo luye ezinkampanini ezijwayelekile zesitoko. Ngokuvamile ixhunywe kwi-Ibex 35, i-Eurostoxx 50 nokunye okuncane. Kuyindlela ye- nciphisa amathuba ebhizinisi okunikezwa izimakethe zezimali okwamanje. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi amathuba ebhizinisi angempela akhula minyaka yonke ezimakethe zezimali angabonakali. Ukuba elinye lamaphutha avame ukwenziwa abatshalizimali abalondolozayo kakhulu.
Ngoba empeleni, kukhona impilo engaphezulu kwebhentshi likazwelonke. Hhayi ezinkampanini zezwe kuphela, kepha kuyo yonke iplanethi. Ngochungechunge lweziphakamiso eziyela ngasocansini, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ezamukelwa kakhulu ekutshaleni imali kulondolozwe ngaphansi kwemikhawulo yenzuzo ephezulu. Ngoba yize ukuvela kwemakethe yamasheya kuhlala kufana kakhulu phakathi kwama-indices ahlukile, kukhona ukuhluka okuncane lokho kungakwenza unqume izinqumo zakho ngesinye isibonakaliso. Ngoba imakethe yamasheya imakethe yezimali eguquguqukayo evumela ukuthi uhambise imali noma yikuphi, ngisho nasezindaweni ezingalindelekile.
Ukuze ube nethuba lokufeza lezi zinhloso, sizophakamisa enye indlela yokuqondisa ukulondolozwa kwakho kokunye ukushintshisana endaweni yakho nasemhlabeni. Uzodinga kuphela intando nokuzimisela ukungenisa lokhu izinguquko kumamodeli wokutshala imali kusuka manje. Akumangalisi ukuthi amawindi amasha ayavula lapho ungashayela khona ukusebenza futhi kwazi bani ukuthi angathola yini inzuzo engcono kulondolozo kunalokho osukwenzile kuze kube manje. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona ngezansi, ezinye izindlela onazo ziziningi futhi zehlukahlukene ngokwemvelo. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi ezinye zazo?
Izinkomba zangaphandle: i-VIX
Cishe uke wayizwa kaningi kepha awazi ukuthi iqukethe ini. Kuyinkomba yezezimali elinganisa indlela ye- isimo esishubile ezimakethe. Lapho kukhula ukungazinzi kuzo, kuzokhuphuka ngokwengeziwe. Ukuthi uthole izinzuzo eziphakeme kakhulu ngokuvula izikhundla kule enye i-thermometer ye-equity. Ngoba ungathuthukisa nezikhundla zakho ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu zezimali. Lokhu kungenye yezinzuzo ezinhle ezikulethela zona
Kodwa-ke, lolu hlelo lokutshala imali luzo kuzodinga izinguquko ezinqala kumamodeli wakho wokutshala imali. Kuzofanele uvulekele ezinye izindlela zokuqonda ukutshalwa kwezimali, njengoba kunjalo kuleli cala. Kunoma ikuphi, akusho isu lokutshala yonke imali oyongile. Kepha kunalokho okuphambene nalokho, ukunikezela kuphela ingxenye encane yabo. Ngoba izingozi ezihilelekile zibaluleke kakhulu. Ikakhulu, uma izimo ezijwayelekile zingafinyelelwanga, yingakho le nkomba iyazisa ezimakethe zezezimali.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i VIX ilinganisa isimo sezikhwama sisonke. Phakathi kwezikhathi ezizinzile kakhulu noma lezo ezichaza ukuphazamiseka okukhulu nokungakhululeki phakathi kwabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Akunasimo esifanele ukuthi kufanele kube yingxenye yotshalo-mali lwakho oluyinhloko, kepha lube umphelelisi osebenza kahle kakhulu kulondolozo lwakho. Ngokuqina okuzoya ngephrofayili oyethula njengomtshalizimali othengisa. Lokho wukuthi, uma uqagela, unolaka, uyazivikela noma uphakathi nendawo. Inkinga enkulu ozoba nayo kusuka manje kuqhubeke ukuthi ukuthatha izikhundla kule nkomba kuzoba nzima kakhulu kunakwendabuko. Futhi uzodinga ulwazi oluthile lokwenza imisebenzi ngesiqinisekiso esithile sempumelelo. Ngenye yezingozi okuzodingeka uzithathe manje uma ekugcineni ukhetha enye yama-indices anelukuluku kakhulu anikezwa wona yimali yomhlaba.
Amanani we-Latino ku-Latibex
Ngiyayazi inkomba efaka amanani wemali engenayo eguquguqukayo yamazwe aseLatin America. Ukusuka eBrazil kuya eMexico futhi lokho kungaba nenzuzo enkulu ngesikhathi esithile. Ngokuqinisekile ahlobene eduze neminotho esathuthuka. Ngakho-ke, ziyaguquguquka kakhulu futhi impela zingaphezu kwezendabuko. Ngokushintshashintsha okunamandla kwamanani abo nokuthi ungafaka engozini imisebenzi yakho ngesikhathi esithile.
Uma le nkomba yesitoko ihlukaniswa okuthile, kungenxa yokuthi unamandla kakhulu ekunyakazeni kwakhe. Ukufika ezingeni lokuthi kungakwenza uzuze imali eningi, kepha ngesizathu esifanayo ube nomphumela ophambene. Abatshalizimali abanolwazi kakhulu kuphela abangaklonyeliswa ngokusebenza kwabo. Ikakhulu ngokwazi ukuthi basebenza kanjani. Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele wazi ukuthi uzobe ubhekene namanani ngegama le-Hispanic. Ungalokothi ube nezimpahla zezimali ezivela kwezinye izindawo.
Elinye lamagalelo akhe ukuthi ukuthatha izikhundla kumagugu abo akubandakanyi amakhomishini ngokweqile. Kepha, kunalokho, amamaki afanayo wezohwebo aphansi njengasezimakethe zesitoko zikazwelonke. Kunoma ikuphi, kungenye indlela okufanele uyiqonde ngezwe eliyinkimbinkimbi lemali. Kepha kulokhu ngokusebenzisa inkomba ehlukile futhi echazwe kahle kakhulu. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ungakhetha ukwenza imali oyongile izuze ngecebo elihlukile lokutshala imali.
Ama-stock Indices: I-Japanese TOPIX
Ungahle ujwayelane nenkomba eyaziwayo yeNikkei yemakethe yamasheya yaseJapan, kepha hhayi ngalena, engaziwa kakhulu. Awu, kwehluke kanjani? Entweni elula njengokuthi isisindo esikhethekile samabhange namaqembu ezezimali. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi ukuvela kwayo kunqume ukuthambeka okuhle noma okubi kwalesi sikhombisi sokubaluleka okukhethekile endaweni yase-Asia. Kubuye kuveze kangcono isimo somnotho waseJapan, ngaphezu kombono ohlinzekwa yiNikkei. Lapho, ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yezinkampani zobuchwepheshe obusha ayihambelani kakhulu.
Ukuthatha izikhundla kuTopix ungakwenza kube semthethweni ngqo ngokuthengwa nokuthengiswa kwamasheya emakethe yakho. Yize into eneseluleko esikhulu ukukwenza ngesikhwama sokutshala imali ngokususelwa kule parameter yemakethe yamasheya. Kunamamodeli amaningi afaka lokhu kungenzeka futhi aze akuhlanganise namanye ama-stock stock. Njengecebo eliwusizo kakhulu lokwenza ukonga kwakho kube nenzuzo futhi kwehlukanise. Akumangalisi ukuthi lokhu kungenye yezinjongo zayo.
Izinkampani ezisabalalisa izinzuzo
Enye indlela yangempela yokusebenzisa izinkomba zokulingana ngezinkampani ezisabalalisa izinzuzo phakathi kwabaninimasheya. Njengasesimweni esithile se- I-Eurostoxx Khetha Ukuhlukanisa 30. Kuyindlela ezinzile yokwenza ukonga okunenzuzo ngoba izinkampani ezibaluleke kakhulu ezwenikazi elidala zikhona futhi zinalesi sici. Banikeza ukubuyiselwa kwemali ngokulingana okungaphezu kuka-3%. Ngaphezulu kwaleyo ekhiqizwe kunoma yimuphi umkhiqizo wasebhange (amadiphozithi etheimu, amanothi ezethembiso noma i-akhawunti ekhokha kakhulu, phakathi kokufanele kakhulu).
Kuyindlela ephephile yokutshala imali kunamanye. Kushukunyiswa yizo kanye izici zezinto zale nkomba ekhetheke kakhulu. Lapho ukuzinza kungumnikelo omkhulu ongawuthola ukwenza iphothifoliyo yakho ezinyangeni ezizayo. Ziyizingozi ezeqile ezinkontilekeni zabo nalapho imisebenzi yabo ingenziwa khona ngokungaqondile ngezimali zokutshala imali ezisuselwa kule nkomba yezimali zaseYurophu.
Inkomba yobuchwepheshe baseYurophu
Isikhathi esiningi uneNasdaq njengesilinganiso sobuchwepheshe bomhlaba. Awudingi ukuya kude kangaka ukuqasha izinkampani ezinezici. Ngoba impela, i- I-DAX yaseJalimane inesandiso kulo mkhakha omusha ongakunika injabulo engaphezu kweyodwa kulezi zikhathi. Akumangalisi ukuthi izinkampani ezibaluleke kakhulu ezibalwe emkhakheni zihlelwe ndawonye namakhomishini athengeka kakhulu kunasemakethe yaseMelika. Ngaphandle kwesidingo sokushintsha imali ukwenza imisebenzi yakho ibe semthethweni emakethe yamasheya.
Kunoma ikuphi, ingenye yama-indices esitokwe okungaziwa kakhulu ngabatshalizimali baseSpain abancane nabaphakathi naphakathi. Kungaba enye indlela yangempela ukucabanga ukuthuthukisa noma yikuphi ukuthinta phansi ukuze ukwandise ukunyakaza kwakho. Kokubili ukuhlala kwemifushane nezikhathi ezinde. Ungomunye wabemukelwa ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezimali nawo wonke amaphrofayili wokutshalwa kwezimali, ngaphandle kokushiya izwekazi laseYurophu.
Amaqembu kanobhutshuzwayo adayiswa esidlangalaleni
Ekugcineni, akukwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi ungathola inkomba yezimali ngakho original njengaleyo eyenziwe ngamanye ama- amaqembu amahle kakhulu ebhola laseYurophu. Kulesi senzakalo, kungenye yeziphakamiso ezintsha kakhulu nezintsha izimakethe zezimali ezingakunika zona njengamanje. Iyafana namanye ama-indices, kepha ngomehluko obaluleke kakhulu. Kumaqembu ezemidlalo lapho uzotshala khona imali oyongile. Ngezimpawu ezibandakanya lesi sigaba sokusebenza.
Ngoba ukusebenza kwayo kwehluke kakhulu kulokho okwenziwe kusuka kwamanye amanani ajwayelekile. Ngokuguquguquka kwentengo ephezulu kakhulu. Ukufika ezingeni lokuthi ingakudalela inkinga engaphezu kweyodwa ukuze uqede imisebenzi. Njengomphumela waleli su elikhethekile lokutshala imali, uzokwazi ukuthenga amasheya kwamanye amakilabhu athandwa kakhulu. IJuventus, iManchester United, iPorto noma iBetsikas zizoba ezinye ezihambisana kakhulu nesiphakamiso sezezimali samanje. Vele, inqobo nje uma linikwe amandla ngoba ibhola lingena emnyango weqembu eliphikisayo.
Ukwehla kwekusasa leTopix kukhombisa ukuthi abatshalizimali besikhathi eside abalindelanga ukuthi amasheya aseJapan azokhuphuka kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nemimoya enamandla ephethwe yiYen. Kunezikhathi lapho ungalindela nokuthi ukwehla kusizakale futhi kuthengwe amasheya emakethe yamasheya, kepha ngisho nalawo margin kunzima.