Lesi yisikhathi sokukhuphuka kwezimakethe zezimali ngoba izikhundla eziningi zokutshala imali zibheke kulesi sici ukufeza amasu abo ezimakethe. Kepha siyazi ngempela ukuthi yini ebangela inani legama? Yebo ukubaluleka kokutshala imali, noma ukutshala imali ngenani, ukuthambekela kotshalo-mali okuhlale kwenza izinzuzo ezinhle esikhathini eside esizayo. Kuthiwa isibambiso siyigugu lapho sibhalwe ngezansi kwamathuba aso futhi lokhu kuyinto eyenzeka ngokuvama okuthile ezinkampanini ezibalwe emakethe yezimakethe zaseSpain.
Esinye sezici zokuqala ukuthi ukubaluleka kokutshala imali kunikela, noma utshalomali kunani, amandla alo amakhulu wokubuyekeza. Iphakeme kakhulu kunezinye iziphakamiso zokutshalwa kwemali. Kufinyelela ezingeni lokuthi ezikhathini eziningi bafinyelela kuzo ukucaphuna ngezaphulelo ezingaphezulu kwama-20% noma ngisho nangamamaki aphezulu wokulamula. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu ezifanele kakhulu zokuthakazelisa kakhulu kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Lokho wukuthi, kubhejwa kakhulu kunenzuzo futhi yize kungahle kungabi sesikhathini esifushane, konke kukhombisa ukuthi bazofinyelela amanani abo wangempela esikhathini esimaphakathi nesikhathi ikakhulukazi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukufaka imali ngenani, noma ukutshalwa kwemali ngenani, kuyindlela entsha kakhulu yokusondela ekutshalweni kwezimali emakethe yamasheya. Kusuka kusu lesimanjemanje elibekiwe kumaphothifoliyo amaningi okutshalwa kwezimali njengefomula yokwakha inani ezimakethe zezimali. Ngokwalo mbono, akungabazeki ukuthi intengo yamasheya, esikhathini esizayo, izothambekela ekuboniseni inani langempela lenkampani. Le nqubo ye ukuhlangana phakathi kwentengo nenani Yiyo ekhiqiza inzuzo esinethemba lokuthi inganikezwa ngendlela enenhloso futhi elinganiselayo.
Inani lenani: izinzuzo zalo
Enye yezinzuzo zokukhetha leli su elikhethekile lokutshala izimali ukuthi ekugcineni inzuzo esingayithola ingaba phezulu kakhulu kunalokho uma sikhetha olunye uhlelo lokuzikhethela. Akumangalisi ukuthi kuyizibambiso ezibhalwe ngesizathu esithile noma esinye ngaphansi kwenani lakho elihlosiwe. Kuyinqubo yokuhlangana engalungiswa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi futhi ibonise ukuthambekela okuphezulu okwazi ukukala ukuphakama noma amazinga aphakeme kakhulu kunamanje. Kunoma ikuphi, okubonakala kucace bha ukuthi abathambekele ekuthuthukiseni ukwehla okuqinile.
Esinye sezihluthulelo senkomba yayo efanele ukuthi umtshali-zimali onemfundo enkulu kakhulu ekuhwebeni emakethe yamasheya kufanele ahlukanise phakathi kokuhlukile kunani langempela lenkampani nalokho okuyikho ukwehla kwentengo yayo. Ngoba yizinto ezahlukahlukene ezingathi ngesinye isikhathi ziphazamise ukumiswa kwezintengo zazo. Ukufika ezingeni lokuthi kungahle kube nomehluko phakathi kwemodeli eyodwa noma enye yomnikelo ka-20%, 30% noma 50%, kuya ngecala. Ngakho-ke, kuyindlela ehlakaniphile kakhulu yokuthuthukisa ukutshalwa kwezimali ezimakethe zezimali. Kokubili nangaphandle kwemingcele yethu futhi lokho kungakusiza ukuthi uhambise imisebenzi yakho kulezi zimpahla zezimali.
Linda ukubongwa kwentengo
Omunye umphumela wokutshala imali kulesi sigaba esikhethekile sezibambiso ukuthi umtshali-zimali omncane naphakathi nendawo onobude besikhathi eside angazuza ngokutshala imali ngevelu. Kanjani? Yebo, ngendlela elula futhi esebenzayo njengokukhetha izinkampani ezinhle, ukuzithola ngentengo enhle futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke ukulinda ngenkuthalo intengo ukuze ihlangane nenani elingaphakathi lenkampani. Ukubekezela yisikhali esiyisisekelo okufanele kusetshenziswe isu lalezi zici. Okubalulekile ukubheka amasheya ekhwalithi athengisa ngaphansi kwentengo yawo yangempela. Futhi lokhu kuyinto eyenzeka ngokuvama okuthile phakathi kwamanani ezabelo zamazwe.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ivelu yokutshala imali, noma utshalomali ngevelu, kuyaqabukela kukhiqize ukunyakaza kokuqagela ngamandla amakhulu futhi ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi ezinde kakhulu. Sizoba nokuvikeleka okuphezulu ukuthi kungekudala noma kamuva intengo efanele izotholwa njengomvuzo wokuhlala kwethu ngenani lemakethe yamasheya. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lezi zivikelo ngokuvamile zingezemali ephezulu kakhulu nokuthi zihambisa ukuphepha okuningi kuzo zonke izikhathi zokuhweba. Ngokwempahla ephezulu futhi lokho kusivumela ukuthi singene futhi siphume kubo ngaphandle kobunzima obukhethekile.
Kuhlanganiswe ezimali zokutshala imali
Esinye isici okufanele sihlolisiswe kusuka kulokhu ukuthi ukutshala imali ngevelu, noma ukutshalwa kwemali ngevelu, kuyingxenye yezikhundla eziningi ezikhwameni zokutshala imali. Yizimali ezaziwa njengevelu noma inani, okuba elinye isu elisebenza kakhulu lokwenza ukonga kube nenzuzo ngalo mkhiqizo wezezimali. Lapho, i- ama-wallet enamandla, ngamamajini okuphepha abanzi, ukuvikela abatshalizimali ngenani Kokubili kusukela ekushintshashintsheni kwezimakethe nakumaphutha okungenzeka abe khona otshalomali. Konke lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu kwizimali zokutshala imali ezifuna ukuthenga nokuthengisa amasheya emakethe yamasheya ngawodwana.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngezimali zokutshala imali zalezi zici, ukwehluka okukhulu kokutshalwa kwemali kungatholakala. Ngokusebenzisa iziphakamiso ezivela emikhakheni ehlukene, izinga lokwenza osonhlamvukazi nokuthi ungaphatha kanjani ulayini webhizinisi lakho. Kusebenza kahle kakhulu ukunqanda izimo ze ukwanda kokungazinzi ezimakethe zezimali. Ngalo mqondo, izimali ezengeziwe zokutshala imali zinenani lokutshala imali, noma utshalomali lwenani, umthombo wazo wokubhekela ukuthuthukisa iphothifoliyo yazo yokutshala imali. Ngokusebenzisa amasu okutshala imali agaya izindlela ezijwayelekile ezimakethe zezimali.
Ngakho-ke, kungenye indlela engaba nenzuzo enkulu ukuvikela izintshisekelo zethu ezimakethe zezimali. Ngabalandeli abaningi abavela ezinyangeni ezedlule lapho bebhekene nokungabaza okuvelayo ukwenza imali yabo etholakalayo izuze. Izinga lokutshala imali, noma ukutshalwa kwemali kunani kungaba yi Isixazululo sezinkinga zethu kusuka manje. Ngezinketho ezingapheli ezihlangabezana nazo zonke lezi zici esizishilo kule ndatshana. Ngenhloso ecace bha: ukwenza imali emakethe yamasheya futhi ukuhlangana kakhulu. Ngalo mqondo, izimali zokutshala imali ezinenani lokutshala imali, noma utshalomali lwevelu, ziyakhula.
Isibonelo esicacile senani: iSantander
Engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka, umkhawulo wenzalo wawungama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-17.636, ama-4% ngaphezulu kunangesikhathi esifanayo sonyaka odlule, kuyilapho imali yesikweletu neyamakhasimende ikhule ngo-4% no-6%, ngokulandelana, kuma-euro aqhubekayo (okungukuthi, ngaphandle komthelela wamazinga wokushintshaniswa). Kwikota yesibili, ibhange lenyuse inani lamakhasimende ngesigidi esisodwa, iSantander manje isisebenzela izigidi eziyi-142, ngaphezu kwanoma yiliphi elinye ibhange eYurophu naseMelika.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, yonke imisebenzi yedijithali ihlelwe yiyunithi entsha yeSantander Global Platform ukuqhuba isu. I- ukwamukelwa kwedijithali iqhubekile nokukhula kwi-semester futhi sekuvele kunamakhasimende ayizigidi ezingama-34,8 asebenzisa izinsizakalo zedijithali zeSantander. Ngokwesilinganiso, amakhasimende angama-240 angena kwelinye lamapulatifomu asebhange angamaselula noma edijithali njalo ngomzuzwana, amele ukwanda kwama-28% ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezedlule. Lapho ikhwalithi yekhredithi iqhubeka nokuba ngcono, ngokuncipha kwenani lamaphuzu ayisisekelo ayi-11 kwikota, laya ku-3,51%, kanti izindleko zesikweletu zihlala zizinzile ku-0,98%.
Ngezindleko ezintsha zokuhlela kabusha
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imiphumela yebhizinisi yeqembu lezezimali ikhombisa ukuthi Isilinganiso semali ye-CET1 manje sesingu-11,30%, Amaphuzu ayisisekelo angama-50 ngaphezu konyaka odlule, kanti iSantander ihlala ingenye yamabhange anenzuzo enkulu futhi asebenza kahle emhlabeni phakathi kontanga yayo, ngenzuzo yemali ejwayelekile ebonakalayo (RoTE) engu-11,7%, kanye nenani lokusebenza kahle kuka-47,4% . Ngemuva kokukhokhiswa kwemali eyizigidi ezingama-108 kumenyezelwe kwikota yokuqala, ibhange libhukhe imali entsha engu-706 million kwikota yesibili, ikakhulukazi izindleko ezilindelekile zokuhlenga kabusha eSpain nase-United Kingdom (626 million euro), kanye nezinye izinhlinzeko zokukhokha umshuwalense wokuvikela (i-PPI) e-United Kingdom (ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-80).
Kunoma ikuphi, lawa macala abangele ukwehla kwenzuzo ebangekayo kwikota yesibili ye-18% unyaka nonyaka, kufika kuma-euro ayizigidi ezingama-1.391. Ngaphandle kwalezo zinkokhiso, inzuzo ejwayelekile yekota yesibili kwakungu-2.097 wezigidi zama-euro, u-5% ngaphezu kwekota efanayo yonyaka odlule: inzuzo ephakeme kakhulu yekota kusukela ngo-2011, iqhutshwa ukukhula kwezikweletu okuqinile eLatin America, intuthuko eqhubekayo yenzuzo eNyakatho Melika njengoba kanye nezindleko ezincishisiwe eYurophu.