Imali ebanjiswayo ingumkhiqizo obaluleke kakhulu ezimpilweni zabantu kangangokuthi ngeke ishiyelwe ekuvuseleleni. Akumangalisi ukuthi imali eningi isengcupheni yokusayina le nkontileka. Inani elingabhaliswa liphakeme kakhulu futhi alikho nemingcele ekunikezelweni kwalo mugqa ofanele wesikweletu. Yebo, enye yezinhloso zabasebenzisi balolu hlobo lwemikhiqizo yasebhange ukonga imali eningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuze ngale ndlela, lo msebenzi ube nenzuzo kusuka manje kuqhubeke.
Kumkhiqizo obiza kakhulu njengokwenza isivumelwano semali mboleko, akunzima kakhulu ukukhulisa ukonga okukuyo. Lokhu okuqukethwe ezindlekweni kungavela ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene futhi kungaholela ekongeni kakhulu 20% amazinga kubhajethi yakho yokuqala. Futhi lapho inani elifunwayo liphakeme, liphakeme inani lemali ongalonga. Kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwamasu ongawenza kusukela kulo mzuzu oqondile.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, awukwazi ngoba amabhange athambekele ekuthuthukiseni kaningi izinhlobo ezahlukene zokunikezwa nezenyuso ezivumela imali oyisebenzisela inkontileka yemali mboleko ukuthi ibe phansi. Ngalo mqondo, awukwazi ukuyeka ukulandelela lesi sigaba semikhiqizo ukuze kuthengwe indlu. Okunye ukucabangela ukuthi imalimboleko yempahla ebanjiswayo ingaba nesikhathi sokubuyisela lokho ingafinyelela eminyakeni engama-30 noma engama-40. Okusho ukuthi, impilo yonke ezayo lapho uzoncika khona enkokhelweni yanyanga zonke.
Ukwehliswa kwesibambiso: amakhomishini
Isu lokuqala okufanele ulibheke ngalesi sikhathi ukuthola imalimboleko yempahla ebekelwe amakhomishini nokunye izindleko ekuphathweni nasekugcinweni kwayo. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ungonga kuze kufike ku-3% kunani elifunwayo ekunikezelweni kwalo mkhiqizo webhange. Unethuba elihle lokuthi okwamanje iningi lemalimboleko yempahla iyathengiswa ngaphansi kwalesi sici esikhethekile. Ngenhloso eyinhloko yokuthi ungaqukatha izindleko ekuthengisweni kwayo. Ngoba lokhu ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu okulandelayo.
Esinye isici okufanele ube naso kusukela kulo mzuzu kuqhubeke ukuthi lokhu kukhululwa ezindlekweni kungenziwa kusuka esikhundleni sokuthandwa ngumfakisicelo wempahla ebanjiswayo. Kusuka kokubolekwa kwemali okuthiwa kunesibonelelo esivamise ukwenziwa kudinga ukudonswa kwemali ngqo kwabasebenzi noma ukuhola njalo kubasebenzi abazisebenzayo. Ukukhethwa okubanzi kwale mikhiqizo yezezimali kuhlelwe lokhu. Ngaphandle kwezinye izinhlobo zokucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe okufana nemalimboleko efanayo.
Isakazeka ngaphansi kuka-1%
Isimo samanje kumazinga wenzalo siholele ezinye izikhungo zezezimali ukumaketha lo mkhiqizo ngalesi simo ezinkontilekeni zabo. Ngokubolekwa kwemali mahhala kwamaKhomishini nezinye izindleko ekuphathweni nasekugcinweni kwabo, kanye nokusakazwa okuncintisana okukhulu kakhulu okuphathelene ngaphansi kwamazinga ayi-1%. Njengomphumela wesimo sangempela senkomba yokulinganisa yaseYurophu, i-Euribor eyaziwayo, lapho kuxhunywe khona ngaphezu kwama-90% ezinkontileka zezinga lokuguquguquka, ngokusho kweNational Institute of Statistics.
Ukusizakala ngalesi siphakamiso semali mboleko, udinga kuphela ukuxhumaniswa nemali mboleko eguqukayo. Noma kungenjalo konke ukunikezwa kuhlose ukunikela ngalezi zimo ekuqashweni okuzuzisa kakhulu abafaka izicelo zalo mkhiqizo wasebhange. Amabhange ambalwa nangendlela ethile. Ngale ndlela, abasebenzisi bazokwazi ukubeka imali eningi kulokhu kusebenza lokho ingahlala iminyaka engama-40. Ngohlelo lwezimali ezihlala zikhona kuze kufike isikhathi sokuvuthwa.
Inkontileka neminye imikhiqizo yasebhange
Elinye iqhinga onalo okwamanje lokonga imali ngokuthola isivumelwano semalimboleko yempahla ebambekayo yenziwe ngokuthola eminye imikhiqizo yasebhange. Ngokwesibonelo izinhlelo zempesheni, izimali ezihlanganyelanayo, izinhlelo zomshuwalense noma zokonga. Ngokulondolozwa kweshumi lamaphesenti ambalwa kunani lenzalo yemali mboleko. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, leli su lokuhweba lifaka nokuxolelwa kwamakhomishini nezinye izindleko ekuphathweni nasekugcinweni kwawo. Ngesikhathi sonke saphakade lapho lo mthombo okhethekile wezezimali uhlala khona.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungakhohlwa ukuthi lolu hlelo lwamabhonasi lufakwa kuziphakamiso zezinhlangano zebhange. Njengengxenye ye- uhlelo lokuthembeka olunolaka kakhulu iklayenti. Kungumkhiqizo wezezimali ohloselwe amakhasimende amasha namasha. Ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene abafakizicelo bayo okufanele bazihlaziye ukukhombisa ukuthi iyiphi imodeli elula kunazo zonke ongayiqasha kusuka manje. Akumangalisi ukuthi bangakhetha ezihlongozo ezahlukahlukene zokuxhasa ngemali ukuthenga ikhaya elisha.
Gcina imali efanayo yenyanga
Uma okufunayo kungakhuphuli inkokhelo yanyanga zonke, indlela engcono yokukwenza ngokubhalisela imali ebanjisiwe ebanjisiwe. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu zokuthi kungani kuzotholakala ungathinteki ngokushintsha kwezimo ngokufanayo eminyakeni eminingi lapho uzosebenza khona lo mkhiqizo wezezimali. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, noma yini eyenzekayo ezimakethe zezezimali ukuthi enye yezinto ezingaba nomthelela ekukhuleni kwemali okumele uyikhokhe kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lolu hlelo ekuxhasweni kwezezindlu kungakusiza hlela isabelomali esingcono nesakho noma ujwayelene kusukela manje. Ngeke ube nokwehluka kwemali ekhokhwayo nge-akhawunti yakho futhi kuzokusiza ukuze ungabi nokwethuka ngomzuzu wokugcina kulezindleko ozodingeka uzenze iminyaka engama-20, 30 noma engama-40. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu esenza ukuthi imali mboleko yamanani amisiwe ibuye inyuke ezinyangeni ezedlule, ngokusho kwedatha evela kwiNational Institute of Statistics. Isimo ebesingenzeki isikhathi eside emikhubeni yabafakizicelo balesi sigaba semikhiqizo yasebhange.
Hlola intshisekelo yangempela yomkhiqizo
Yini umuntu ofaka isicelo semali ebolekiwe kwi-inthanethi okufanele ayibheke lapho ekhokha okuncane ngangokunokwenzeka ngale mali mboleko? Yebo, kufana nasendalweni yendlu ebanjiswayo, lapho i-APR (i-Annual Equivalent Rate), okuyinombolo okufanele iqoqe konke okufakwa yizikhungo zezezimali lapho zinikeza imali mboleko. Kuyinkomba enkulu yokwazi izindleko zomsebenzi. Ngokuya ngemithethonqubo yeBhange LaseSpain, kuphoqelekile ukuthi zonke izinhlangano zikushicilele kanye nezinga lenzalo, futhi inhloso yayo ukwenza lula ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwemali mboleko ehlukile. Uma ibhange linekhomishini yokuvula, lizofakwa ku-APR; uma kuphoqa, njengombandela ukunikela ngempahla ebanjiswayo, ukuze khipha umshwalense wokuphila, wokukhubazeka noma wokungasebenzi inhloso yakhe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhange liyakhokha imali ebanjisiwe, imali ekhokhwayo izophinda iqoqwe ku-APR; uma inani lenzalo elisetshenziswe onyakeni wokuqala liphakeme, lizofakwa futhi ku-APR
Vele, intengo (i-Euribor plus umehluko) efakiwe nayo ifakiwe kuleli zinga. Ngakho-ke, uma uqhathanisa imali mboleko emibili kwi-Intanethi, akufanele uhlale kumehluko, kepha kufanele bheka i-APR Kungenzeka ukuthi imali mboleko yekhaya enokusabalala okuphansi empeleni iyabiza kakhulu kunaleyo enenzalo ephezulu, uma amakhomishini owokuqala ephezulu kunalawo wesibili. Lezi yizici okufanele ngokungangabazeki kufanele unake ngokukhethekile ukuqukatha izindleko ekuqashweni kwabo.
I-Euribor yehlisa iphesenti
Inkomba ye-Euribor, esetshenziswa njengesethenjwa esikhulu sokubeka inani lenzalo yemalimboleko yempahla enikezwe yizinhlangano zezikweletu zaseSpain, yehle ngenyanga edlule yaya ku -0,134% kusuka -0,112% ngenyanga edlule. Ukuthatha izinyanga eziyi-12 zokugcina njengesethenjwa, inkomba kubhalisa ukwanda kwamaphuzu ayi-0,054. I-Euribor ibalwa nedatha yezikhungo eziyinhloko ezisendaweni ye-euro futhi iqukethe isilinganiso senzalo sendawo esihlinzekwa yizikhungo zemisebenzi yokufaka imali kuma-euro isikhathi esingangonyaka. Imininingwane ehambelana nenyanga kaMashi ikhombisa nokwehla, kuya -0,134%, ngesilinganiso samabhange, isilinganiso sonyaka owodwa semabhange asebenze njengesethenjwa esisemthethweni semakethe yemalimboleko yemisebenzi eyenziwa ngaphambi kukaJanuwari 1, 2000.
Kusukela ngoNovemba 1, 2013, iBhange laseSpain liyekile ukushicilela isilinganiso esisebenzayo samabhange okonga -CECA Indicator- kanye namanani amaphakathi emalimboleko yempahla engaphezulu kweminyaka emithathu yokutholakala kwezindlu zamahhala emabhange nasekulondolozweni kwamabhange okonga ngokuya ngamanje umthetho. Amareferensi kulawa mazinga azoshintshwa, kusukela ekubuyekezweni okulandelayo kwamanani asebenzayo, ngezinga lokushintshwa noma ibhentshimakhi elinikezwe kwinkontileka.