Omunye wemibuzo abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abazozibuza wona ukuthi amaCatalan “procés” athinta kanjani izimali zaseSpain futhi ikakhulukazi amanani ahlobene kakhulu ne kuxhunyaniswe nale ndawo. Akumangalisi ukuthi abanye babo besaba ukuthi bangacwiliswa kakhulu Ukungazinzi emakethe yamasheya ngenxa yalesi simo sezepolitiki esimise ukuphela kwamaholide. Ngenhloso yokungena nokushiya izimakethe zezezimali ngokususelwa ekuguqukeni kwalezi ziphakamiso ezinikezwa yimakethe eqhubekayo yaseSpain.
Ekuqaleni, kungatholakala ukuthi i- "procés" ayikuthinti nakancane ukulinganiswa kwalezi zinkampani. Futhi hhayi ngaphansi kokunye. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi amanani abo ayawa, kepha hhayi njengomphumela waleli qiniso elimangalisayo. Kepha okuphambene nalokho, kungenxa yochungechunge lwezinto eziguqukayo ezihlobene ne imashi yomnotho wezwe nowamazwe omhlaba. Futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke ngokusebenza kwemigqa yayo yebhizinisi. Ngokwalo mbono wokuhlaziya, okuhle kakhulu okungashiwo ukuthi azikho izindaba emigqeni engaphambili. Enye into ehluke kakhulu yilokho okungenzeka uma inqubo yenkululeko ifika ekugcineni futhi iCatalonia ihlukane neSpain.
Kulo mongo, izinkampani eziningi zaseCatalan zibhalwe ohlwini lwezimali zaseSpain. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye zazo zihambisana kakhulu nemikhakha yazo, ngesisindo esithile ngaphakathi kwenkomba yesitoko sikazwelonke. Abazicaphuni nge-akhawunti yabo, njengoba kungabonakala ekuqaleni. Esikhundleni salokho, amanani abo athuthukiswa ngaphansi kwemingcele efanayo naleyo ebizwa ngokuthi amanani kazwelonke. Ngalo mqondo, ama- "procés" awaphazamisi ngokubi noma ngokufanele. Kepha ngendlela engathathi hlangothi, ngaphandle kwesigameko esikhethekile maqondana nokuthengwa nokuthengiswa okwenziwe ngabatshalizimali.
"Ama-Procés": Amanani we-Catalan
Okokuqala, kuzodingeka ukuthi kuhlonzwe ukuthi yiziphi izinkampani ezinekomkhulu labo noma isikhungo sokusebenza eCatalonia. Yebo, okunye okubaluleke kakhulu kukhona ICaixabank, iBanco Sabadell, iGesi Yemvelo noma i-Abertis. Akekho kubo ohluphekayo, okwamanje, ovela enhlanganweni engahle yehlukanise. Ukuthi owokugcina kubo usezingeni eliphakeme ngokomlando ngenxa yenqubo yokutholwa yinkampani yokwakha kaFlorentino Pérez, i-ACS. Ukuba khona kwe- "procés" akukho nhlobo ekuguqukeni kwamanani abo. Akumangalisi ukuthi kungenye yezindinganiso ezinenzuzo enkulu emasontweni adlule kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi.
Inani lalezi zinkampani ngu cishe ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-80.000. Futhi hhayi kuphela ukuthi abawanga ezimakethe zezimali. Kepha ngokuphambene nalokho, ukhombisile kwabaningi babo umkhuba ongenasici wokukhuphuka futhi lapho izinkulungwane nezinkulungwane zabasindisi baseSpain bekwazile ukuzuza khona. Ngaphandle kokonakala okuncane emapaki kazwelonke. Esibonelweni esicacile sokuthi ezombusazwe nemali ziya ezindaweni ezihluke ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kwezinqamuleli ezindleleni zazo.
ICaixabank iyanda
Iqembu lezimali laseCatalan licishe laphindeka kabili intengo yalo ngonyaka odlule. Ukusuka ekubalulekeni kwama-euro angu-2,6 ngesabelo cishe sama-euro amane nengxenye. Esibonelweni esicacile saleli qiniso esilivezayo. Njengamanje ikwelinye lamazinga aphezulu le nkampani eyake yathengisa ngalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, endaweni ejwayelekile, lapho umkhakha wamabhange udlula ekungazinzini okuningi futhi okuqinile ngenxa yokulungiswa nenzuzo ephansi yalesi sigaba sobungcweti.
Ngalesi sizathu, akumangazi ukuthi ingxenye enhle yabahlaziyi bezezimali inikeze izincomo ze thenga ngenani. Noma esimweni esibi kakhulu, ukuthi ungagcina kanjani. Njengoba kusobala ukuthi izenzo zabo azingcoliswa yimiphumela ecatshangelwe "yama-procés" aseCatalan. Ngoba ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi amasheya awo njengamanje asebenza kangcono kunamanye amanani abaluleke kakhulu enkomba ekhethiwe yama-equities kazwelonke. Vele, kusukela namuhla azikho izinkomba zokuthi le micimbi ingenziwa. Ngamanani wokuqasha afanayo nsuku zonke.
Igesi yemvelo enokungazinzi okuqinile
Okunye okwehluke kakhulu yilokhu okwenzeka enkampanini igesi yomhlaba. Akukhulisi i-uptrend njengasesimweni esedlule. Kepha kulokhu, kungenxa yezinkinga zangaphakathi ezihlobene kakhulu nebhizinisi labo. Futhi ikakhulukazi endaweni yaseLatin America. Inani layo lemakethe okwamanje lingaphezu kwama-euro angama-20 ngamasheya ngamunye. Kude kancane nama-euro angama-22 amake ngawo entwasahlobo. Kepha lokhu kwehla akuhlangene nakancane nokwenzeka eCatalonia. Akungaphansi kangako ngoba zithintekile ukuhamba kwegesi ezimakethe zezimali.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iGesi Yemvelo ingelinye lamagugu amelwe kakhulu ngamasheya aseSpain. Ngamakhasimende angenakubalwa angama- isatshalaliswa kuyo yonke imiphakathi ezimele wezwe. Iphinde yazishaya indiva le micimbi eyenzekayo kwezepolitiki zaseSpain ikakhulukazi iCatalan. Ukufika lapho kunconywa khona ukuthi kube yingxenye yephothifoliyo yokutshala imali ezinzile futhi elinganiselayo eminyakeni embalwa ezayo. Kokubili ngephrofayili yabatshalizimali abanolaka kanye nabalingiswa abavikela kakhulu noma abalondolozayo.
ISabadell esigabeni sokutakula
Enye yezinto ezihamba phambili emnothweni waseCatalan yileli qembu lezezimali elinobukhona obuqinile kuzo zonke izindawo zaseSpain. Njengamanje isesigabeni sokutakula, zombili ngokwamanani entengo yesitoko kanye nomugqa wayo webhizinisi. Akumangalisi ukuthi kube ngenye yezindinganiso ezimakethe zamasheya zaseSpain ezihlaselwe kakhulu yi I-Brexit. Okuthile okumthinta kakhulu ngaphezu kwe- "procés", okungenani esikhathini esifushane. Njengamanje amasheya ayo ahweba cishe ama-euro amabili, ngemuva kokuba ephakeme kakhulu. Kepha kubukeka sengathi isikhathi sesifikile sokuzinza ezimakethe zezimali.
Le nkampani efakwe kuhlu ibihlala ibonwa njengenye yezisulu ezisengozini enkulu yokuqhela kweCatalonia kusuka kuyo yonke iSpain. Kepha okwamanje izizathu zokwehla kwayo azibangelwa yile nto, kepha ukuvela komugqa webhizinisi layo nokwehla kwamaphethelo wokulamula. Kulokhu, iseluleko esivela kubahlaziyi akusona iseluleko sokuthenga, kodwa ngenxa yezinkinga iqembu lezezimali elidlula kuzo. Okunye okufanele kubhekwe ukuthi phakathi nengxenye yokuqala yonyaka, ibhange lathola u-5,9% ngaphezulu kunonyaka odlule. Uphawu olubonisa ukuthi okubi kakhulu sekwenzekile ebhizinisini laseCatalan.
Phuma ezinkampanini ezivela eCatalonia
Lapho "ama-prés" aqashelwe kakhulu, yize ngendlela encane kakhulu, kungoshintsho lwendlunkulu yezinkampani ezithile ezazikhona ezifundazweni zaseCatalan. Ngoba empeleni, leli icala elithile le- I-Naturhose, enye yezinkampani ezincane ezisohlwini lwama-equities. Yebo, umongameli nomsunguli wayo, uFélix Revuelta, uthathe isinqumo sokususa indlunkulu yakhe esuka eBarcelona ayise eMadrid. Kodwa izizathu azikhomba kulesi sinqumo "zisebenza kuphela", ngamazwi akhe. Esinye isikhathi asifikanga ngokushintsha kakhulu inani lentengo yamasheya alo.
Le nkampani yokudla nemikhuba yokudla ayinakho ukuzivocavoca okuhle, ilahlekelwe cishe ngama-4% kuze kube manje kulo nyaka. Kepha izizathu azibangelwa "ama-procés", kepha kube yi-a ukulungiswa ekwakheni inani layo esikhwameni. Ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi sekubuyekezwe kakhulu, noma kwezinye zazo zingaphezu kwe-10%. Okwamanje, kubonakala kuzinzile futhi azikho izimpawu zokuthi yini engathinteka yile nqubo yezepolitiki neyenhlalo eyenzeka eCatalonia.
Iziphetho ngale nqubo
Kunoma ikuphi, esikhathini esifushane imiphumela kulawa manani ayizwakala. Yize izinto zingashintsha kakhulu uma inqubo yesiCatalan yenziwa ngokuqinisekile. Ngokuya ngokuhlukahluka okuningi. Ukwehla kungahle kwenzeke, noma ngabe kunobuhle obukhethekile kumanani athile alezi zici. Ingabe into ekhona kunzima kakhulu ukubona kusengaphambili, ngisho nakubasebenzeli bezezimali abanolwazi oluningi ezimakethe. Futhi lapho kuphela isikhathi esizocacisa ukuthi yisiphi isinqumo abazosithatha abatshalizimali abakhulu ekugcineni. Noma uma kunalokho, konke kuzoqhubeka njengakuqala.
Ngoba uma kukhona ushintsho kuthrendi yalesi sizathu, ngeke lubandakanye kuphela amanani we-Catalan kepha nalabo bezwe. Noma kungenzeka ukuthi ezinye izindlela zamasheya ezwekazi elidala zingathinteka. Akumangalisi ukuthi ngesinye sezimo okufanele usiphakamise kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Ngenhloso yokungabanjwa onyaweni ngokushintsha izikhundla zakho ezimakethe zezimali. Yebo, ngemuva kwakho konke lapho izama ukuvikela ukulondolozwa kwakho ngaphezu kokunye ukucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe.