Uma kunomkhakha ezimakethe zamasheya ongahambisani nezikhathi zawo ezinhle, lokho akekho omunye ngaphandle kwalowo omelwe abezindaba bezokuxhumana ababukelwe ngamehlo. Kwenziwe impahla yizinkampani I-Atresmedia ne-Mediaset okumanje okusezingeni elicacile lokwehla futhi ngelinye lamanani aphansi kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. Ngengcindezi yokuthengisa ecacile kumthengi futhi lokho kudale ukuhoxiswa kwengxenye enhle yabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ngamazinga wokuthembeka angabhekwa njengaphakeme kakhulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusatshalaliswa kokukhangisa kungezinye zezizathu zokuthi kungani lezi zinkampani zifinyelele emazingeni azo zamanje entengo. Akumangalisi ukuthi zithathwa njengamamodeli aphelelwe yisikhathi futhi lesi sici siboniswa kwifayela le- ukuguqulwa kwamanani abo. Lezi zinkampani yizo ezenze kabi kakhulu ezinyangeni ezedlule. Ngomthamo wokuqashwa oye wehliswa ngamandla amakhulu iminyaka embalwa. Ngaphandle kokubukeka sengathi lo mkhuba ungashintshwa kusuka manje.
Esinye isici okufanele sihlolwe ngamalungu ezindaba zezindaba ezibukwayo yileso esibhekise ekungeneni kwabo okuncane phakathi kwabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ngoba ziheha kancane phakathi kwengxenye enhle yabasebenzisi kulezi zimakethe zezimali. Ngomphumela uba nawo phakathi kwabatshalizimali abakhethe ezinye izimpahla zezezimali zenzuzo ephezulu futhi ezimeni eziningi ezibonisa ukuthambekela okucacile okuphezulu, okungenani esikhathini esimaphakathi nesikhathi eside unomphela.
Imidiya yomsindo: kwenzenjani
Esinye sezici ezithinta la manani ezinkampanini zezimali zikazwelonke kakhulu yileso esihlobene nomholo wabo webhizinisi. Ngale ndlela, kufanele kuboniswe ukuthi yizona ezivikelekile ezisengozini enkulu ukuze zikwazi ukuthambekela ekuthambekeleni okuphansi kakhulu kunakwamanye amabhizinisi endabuko noma ajwayelekile. Ikakhulu, ngenxa yezici ezikhethekile eziboniswe umkhakha lapho lo mkhakha wamasheya kazwelonke uhlanganiswa khona. Ngokulahlekelwa ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezedlule ze- cishe ama-20%. Enye yezindawo eziphakeme kakhulu kuyo yonke imakethe yamasheya yaseSpain.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunesimo esihle kakhulu ngokusatshalaliswa kokukhangisa. Futhi lokhu, kufanele kukhunjulwe, kushintshe isabelo salo semakethe kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. Ukuze ngale ndlela, inani lentengo lesabelo lingalanda lesi simo ukukhathazeka kwabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ukuba kunoma yiziphi izimo izinkampani eziqhamuka eqenjini eliphakathi nemali futhi ezinomthamo ophansi wezivumelwano kunakwamanye amaqembu emikhakha ezimakethe zezimali, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ezinyangeni ezedlule.
Ukuphepha: I-Atresmedia ne-Mediaset
Imakethe eqhubekayo kazwelonke ihlanganise ukuphepha okubili kwalezi zici, njenge-Atresmedia neMediaset okwamanje. Kokubili ngokuziphatha okufana kakhulu nokubheja okubili kwezokuxhumana. Yize kungukuthi ngowesibili kubo onesici sobuchwepheshe esibi kakhulu esinamathemba amancane kakhulu okuphuma kulokhu kuvunguza. Noma kunjalo, azikho kulezi zimo ezinconywayo ngabalamuli bezezimali, abathanda ukuthengisa kunokugcina izikhundla zabo kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Esinye isici okufanele silinganiswe kulezi zindinganiso ezimbili ukuthi kusuka ezikhundleni zamanje kunzima kakhulu ukuthola imali kunokulahlekelwa yikho. Futhi lesi yisici okufanele usicabangele ukuthuthukisa noma yiluphi uhlobo lwecebo lokutshala imali ngalawa magugu amabili. Ukuze ungenzi amaphutha angakudalela inkinga engaphezu kweyodwa kusukela manje. Njengoba umbono wakhe u-bearish kakhulu, okungenani esikhathini esifushane. Akumangazi-ke ukuthi, ngumkhakha ongahambi kahle kakhulu ezikhathini zawo manje. Uma kungenjalo, kunalokho, kuyithuba lokuhlehlisa izikhundla futhi ugweme ukulahlekelwa yimali eningi.
I-Mediaset yokungaphuli izisekelo
Ngokuqondene nenkampani eyinhloko-dolobha yase-Italy, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ihamba ngomzuzu omubi ohlwini lwayo. Uzama ukulwa ukuze uthole ngaphezu kwama-euro amathathu ngesabelo ngasinye, ngemuva kwentengo ye- amasheya akho ahlanjululwe ngenxa yokusebenza kwebhizinisi okwenziwe ezinyangeni ezedlule. Kepha kunoma yiziphi izimo, ezinamandla wokucutshungulwa okungatheni futhi lokho akuwavuli amathuba okungena ezimakethe zezimali ngabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi.
I-Atresmedia neMediaset España basebenza ngokubambisana ukuvula ipulatifomu, evuleleke kubo bonke Opharetha be-DTT, ezoqoqa okuqukethwe kokulalelwayo nokubukwayo kwamaqembu amathathu wezokuxhumana ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwehlukahlukana, ikhwalithi yokunikezwa kwethelevishini yamahhala kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi ngezinsizakalo nokusebenza okuhlinzekwa ubuchwepheshe be-HbbTV bethelevishini ne-Intanethi. Esigabeni sesibili sephrojekthi, leplatifomu yezobuchwepheshe yesikhathi esizayo izobhekiswa kwinsizakalo eyengeziwe ye-OTT (Over The Top) yokusabalalisa okuqukethwe kokulalelwayo kanye nokusebenza kwayo okuthile.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Atresmedia
Mayelana ne-Atresmedia, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi leli qembu labezindaba, abathengi bakumemezela lokho I-Antena 3 yisiteshi esijabulisa kakhulu (26%), kulandele owesithupha (20%). Iyona enezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene kakhulu (i-26%) naleyo zonke izinhlobo zezethameli eziyithandayo (28%). Iphinde ibe nabethuli abaphambili (25%) futhi iyikhwalithi ephezulu (22%). ILa Sexta, ngokwengxenye yayo, iyisiteshi esithembeke kakhulu (23%), yiso esinezinhlelo zezindaba ezihamba phambili (24%) kanye ne-innovative kunazo zonke (25%). Ngaphezu kwalokho, abathengi bakhomba ngezinhlelo zabo ngaphambi kwawo wonke amanye amaketanga (22%).
Kepha unenkinga yokuthi ukukhangisa kudluliselwa kwamanye amafomethi wokukhangisa futhi leli qiniso lithinta inzuzo yakho, ikakhulukazi kwimiphumela yedatha yakho yebhizinisi yakamuva. Njengoba kubonakala ezindaweni zokuhlala zakamuva futhi lokho kuholele ekutheni amanani ayo aqondiswe eduze kakhulu namazinga anawo kuma-euro ama-2 ngesabelo ngasinye. Ngaphandle kokuthi kube namathemba amaningi ukuthi ingadlula amamawuli okulamula atholakala kuma-euro angama-5. Okungenani maqondana nesikhathi esiphakathi ikakhulukazi isikhathi esifushane.
Nesabelo esikhulu kuno-8%
Kunoma ikuphi, omunye weminikelo yawo ukuthi usabalalisa izabelo phakathi kwabaninimasheya abanenzuzo ethokozisayo phakathi kuka-8% no-10%. Lokho ukusho ukuthi, enye yezindawo eziphakeme kakhulu emakethe kazwelonke eqhubekayo, yize kunalokho ayiqinisekisiwe ngeminyaka embalwa ezayo. Lapho kungaba esinye sezikhuthazo zokuvula izikhundla yize kunengozi enkulu kunamanye amanani enkomba ekhethiwe yemali engenayo eguquguqukayo, i-Ibex 35.
Ngoba idlula kude umholo wayo yonke imikhiqizo etholwe emholweni ongaguquki noma ngisho nasemabhange. Ukwazi ukudala iphothifoliyo yemali engenayo engaguquki ngaphakathi kokuguqukayo. Ngaphandle kolunye uchungechunge lokucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe. Kepha kunalokho, akuzona izindinganiso okufanele zicatshangelwe kusuka manje.
Indawo yemakethe
Ngokwesibikezelo se-macroeconomic sezinhlangano ezahlukahlukene, ukuvuselelwa komnotho kuyagcinwa, kuze kuthuthukiswe izilinganiso zokuqala konyaka. Ngakho-ke, iphaneli lokugcina lochwepheshe elishicilelwe yiFuncas ngoSepthemba 2017 lilinganisela ukukhula kwe-GDP unyaka wonke ka-3,1%, ngaphandle kokwehluka uma kuqhathaniswa nephaneli langaphambilini, kodwa okuthathu kokuyishumi ngaphezulu kwephaneli likaMeyi, kanye nokweshumi okuyisikhombisa ngaphezu kwephaneli likaJanawari , kukhombisa ukuthi izibikezelo bezilokhu zithuthuka njengoba unyaka uqhubeka. I-GDP isheshise ukukhula kwayo okukodwa kweshumi kwikota yesibili yonyaka kuya ku-0,9%, ngokuhambisana nokulindelwe.
Ngale ndlela, ukukhula konyaka kuzohambisana nalokho ezinye izinhlangano ezilinganisayo (iBhange laseSpain lilindele u-3,1%, uHulumeni u-3%, i-EC 2,8% kanye ne-IMF 3,1%). Iqembu lama-panelists lilindele ukukhula ngama-2,7% kowezi-2018. Mayelana nokwakhiwa kwamathuba emisebenzi, isilinganiso siwukukhula kwama-2,7% kowezi-2017 - ngokufana nephaneli yangaphambilini - kanti ngo-2018 isibikezelo simi kuma-2,4%. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokungasebenzi (i-EPA) lizosuka ku-17,2% ngo-2017 liye ku-15,2% ngo-2018. Ukusetshenziswa kwemindeni nakho kuyaqhubeka nokukhombisa izimpawu zokukhula, yize kungaphansi konyaka odlule. Isivumelwano seFuncas silindele ukukhuphuka okuvele kufinyelele ku-2,6% kowezi-2017 (okuthathu kokuyishumi ngaphansi kuka-2016) kanye no-2,4% kowezi-2018.
Imakethe eqhubekayo kazwelonke ihlanganise ukuphepha okubili kwalezi zici, njenge-Atresmedia neMediaset okwamanje. Kokubili ngokuziphatha okufana kakhulu nokubheja okubili kwezokuxhumana. Yize kungukuthi ngowesibili kubo onesici sobuchwepheshe esibi kakhulu esinamathemba amancane kakhulu okuphuma kulokhu kuvunguza.