IDow Jones ibhekwe ngezikhathi zokuhweba zakamuva ngokuphula izinga layo lentengo ngaphezu kokuphindiselwa emuva okungama-61.8% kweFibonacci futhi isondela esilinganisweni sokuhamba esichazayo esinaso ezinsukwini ezingama-250. Izinga elingasebenza njengokumelana futhi, uma lidluliwe, linganikeza isignali yokungena ukwenza ukonga kube nenzuzo kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Kusuka lapho kungasetshenziswa khona isu lokutshala imali elinolaka kakhulu futhi libhekiswe kuwo wonke amaphrofayili wabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi, kusukela kokucatshangelwe kakhulu kuye kwelinganiselayo noma okulondolozayo. Kulokho okubeka ithuba elicacile lebhizinisi ngaphakathi kwezimakethe zokulingana zamazwe omhlaba.
Iqiniso lokuthi iDow Jones idlula ukwesekwa kwesikhashana kungaba wuphawu lokuthi ukubuyiswa ezimakethe zezimali kuyiqiniso ngemuva kwenhlekelele eyenziwe ukwandiswa kwe-coronavirus kusukela ngoMashi. Lapho iDow Jones ibingenye yezinkomba zamasheya ezisebenza kahle kakhulu emhlabeni kanye nasemhlabeni wemali. Ngandlela thile kubangelwa ukukhuphuka kwamanani ezobuchwepheshe okuyilawo amelane kangcono ne-coronavirus emhlabeni jikelele. Lapho iNasdaq ibisendaweni enhle maqondana nenzuzo yayo yonyaka, ngenzuzo ecishe ibe ngu-3% noma u-4%.
Ngokwalo mbono jikelele, akungabazeki ukuthi enye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu ezitholakalayo kubo bonke abatshalizimali ukuya ezimakethe zezimali zase-US. Zigcina ukuthambekela okuphezulu okwehlukile, okungenani kulokho okushiwo esikhathini esimaphakathi nesikhathi ikakhulukazi esisaqhubeka nokusebenza ngaphansi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamasu ekutshalweni kwabasebenzisi besitoko. Futhi lokho kungagcinwa kuze kubanjwe ukhetho lukaMongameli wase-US ngasekupheleni kwekwindla. Leli yiqiniso elingachaza ngokuqinisekile ukuvela kweDow Jones namanye ama-stock indices kuleli.
UDow Jones bullish kusukela ngo-2012
Akunakulibaleka ukuthi iDow Jones ibisendaweni enhle isikhathi eside futhi ngenxa yalokho nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ingamisa ukumasha kwayo emakethe yamasheya. Ngoba kufanele ugcizelele ukuthi akukho okuya phezulu noma ezansi unomphela, kungasaphathwa ukuthi ukuthi emhlabeni onzima njalo wemakethe yamasheya. Futhi ngakho-ke ngeke kube khona okunye ongakwenza ngaphandle kokucabanga ukuthi umjaho we-bullish uzoqeda uhambo lwawo ezinyangeni ezizayo. Manje umbuzo ukuthola ukuthi lesi simo esisha sizokwenzeka nini eDow Jones futhi kufanele sikulungele. Futhi mhlawumbe yisikhathi sokubuyela ezimakethe zezimali zaseYurophu ngokudluliswa kwemali kanye nenzuzo, njengoba kwenza abatshalizimali abanokufunda okuningi ezimakethe zezezimali.
Vele, leli isu elilusizo kakhulu lokutshala imali kubo bonke abasindisi ngoba libavumela ukuthi bakhethe amathuba amahle kakhulu ebhizinisi nalesi sigaba sezimpahla zezimali. Ngoba akukho kungabaza ukuthi kungekudala noma nini imakethe yamasheya yaseMelika izophelelwa ngamandla. Akumangalisi ukuthi ibilokhu isezingeni eliphakeme selokhu kuphele inkinga yomnotho ka-2008 ngakho-ke inesigaba esihle kunazo zonke emlandweni wayo wonke. Ngokubuyekezwa cishe kwe-80% nokuhola phambili emhlabeni jikelele. Ngamanye amazwi, iDow Jones iyizimakethe zezimali ezinenzuzo kakhulu kule minyaka eyishumi edlule futhi lokhu kuyisici okufanele sihlolwe lapho senza izimali zethu kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Yini okufanele uyenze manje?
Isinqumo sabatshalizimali siyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngenxa yezici uqobo lwale makethe yezezimali ngalesi sikhathi. Ngoba empeleni, amandla ayo wokubuyekeza abonakala ekhombisa ukuthi kuphelile noma kusesigabeni sokwenza le nqubo. Ngakho-ke kufanele sihlole okufanele sikwenze kusuka kulo mzuzu kuqhubeke. Ngokwalo mongo ojwayelekile, kufanele sibheke ezinye izindlela esinazo ukwenza imali etholakalayo ibe nenzuzo kule minyaka ezayo noma izinyanga. Mayelana nalokhu, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi iDow Jones kungenzeka ukuthi ifinyelele ekugcineni kwe-bullish yayo futhi ingahle ithathe ikhefu ekwakhiweni kwentengo yayo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezizayo.
Njengenye indlela yokutshala imali, uma kunokulungiswa kokulinganiswa kwamasheya eDow Jones ekugcineni kungaba isikhathi sokubuyela ezimakethe zamasheya ezwekazini elidala. Ngenxa yokuthi bangaba nendlela ende eya phezulu ngenxa yokukhula kwabo okuncane kusukela ngo-2013 nokuthi kwezinye izimo zakheka njengamagugu angathathwa njengamathuba ebhizinisi angempela. Ngezibikezelo, kwezinye izimo, cishe ama-20% noma i-30%. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi iphothifoliyo yezokuphepha kuzodingeka iguqulwe ukuze ihlangabezane nokulindelwe kotshalomali, okungenani kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka. Ekuvivinyweni okungangabazeki ukuthi kuzoba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu engxenyeni enhle yabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi.
Ukhetho lukaMongameli e-USA
Okunye okumele kubhekwe ukuthi kusebenze eDow Jones ngalo nyaka ukuthi ekupheleni kwawo kuzobanjwa ukhetho lobumongameli baseMelika. Lapho ngokwesiko kukhuphuka kwezimakethe zezimali kusebenza ngakho-ke bekungeke kumangaze uma kube khona ukudonsa okusha okuya phezulu esingakusebenzisa sonke ukuthola inzuzo ekusebenzeni emakethe yamasheya yale makethe yezezimali. Ngethemba lokuthi kuzoba umvuthwandaba omuhle kakhulu ekuvukeleni okuye kwaqhubeka iminyaka eminingi futhi eminingi isebenza. Ngokwenza okungcono kunalokho kwalabo abangaphansi kwendawo ye-euro.
Enye into ehluke kakhulu ukuvela kwamanani ahlanganisiwe emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe obusha futhi abhalwe ku-Nasdaq. Ukulindela kwayo kungcono ngoba kugcina isikhathi siphezulu kuzo zonke izikhathi ezibekiwe: ezimfushane, eziphakathi nendawo nezinde. Ukusuka lapho kungenzeka uvuleke khona ezikhundleni ngisho nezikhathi ezinde kakhulu zaphakade. Njengoba kungenakukhohlakala ukuthi ngisho nangezikhathi ezikhathaza kakhulu ekwandisweni kwe-coronavirus iziphathe kangcono kakhulu kunamanye ama-indices emakethe yamasheya. Kuze kube sekupheleni kwenyanga kaMeyi igcine inzuzo enhle yonyaka, ngamamaki asondele ku-3%. Okuhlukile ezimakethe zamazwe zamazwe zamasheya.
Ukuhlukahluka ezindaweni ezindawo
Vele, okungakhohlwa ukuthi kule nkathi ye-coronavirus kube nokwehluka okukhulu phakathi kwezimakethe zezimali ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi lwe-Atlantic kuye kolunye. Isici ngokungangabazeki esisebenzele ukulungisa iphothifoliyo yokutshalwa kwezimali ngabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ngaphandle kohlobo lwezibambiso abakhethe ukuzisebenzisa ezikhathini ezinzima njengalezo esihlangabezane nazo kulezi zinyanga zika-2020. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, asikwazi ukukhohlwa iqiniso lokuthi izinkomba zaseMelika ziqale kusuka esigabeni esinamandla kune abaseYurophu. Ngokwehluka okungaphezu kuka-15% futhi lokho kusizile laba batshalizimali ukuthi bathuthukise imingcele yabo yenzuzo ekuhwebeni emakethe yamasheya. Kanye neqiniso lokuthi amandla ayo abesecacile iminyaka eminingi nokuthi kuholele ekudlulisweni kwezimpahla zezimali eminyakeni edlule. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungenzeka ukuthi sekuvele kuyisikhathi sokuvala izikhundla eDow Jones ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi yokuhweba okunenzuzo ezimakethe zezimali. Ngoba impela, kungenzeka ukuthi sibe sekupheleni kwesikhathi eside ukuthi le makethe yezimali ebalulekile isungule.
Ngokwalokhu kubuka, asizukukhetha ngaphandle kokushintsha amasu ethu ezimakethe zezimali, sisebenzise lokho okwenzekile kulezi zinsuku zokunwetshwa kwe-COVID 19. Kungaba ibhaxa lokuxazulula ezinye izimakethe zezimali kwezinye izindawo. izindawo ezingahle zibe namandla wokubonga aphezulu ngalesi sikhathi. Ngoba lokho okuphathelene nakho ekugcineni kosuku ukuvulelwa amathuba amasha emhlabeni wemakethe yamasheya futhi ungalokothi ume ndawonye ngoba leli qhinga lingasilahlekisela imali kuphela eminyakazweni esiyenzile. Ngokuqinisekile lesi yisifundo okufanele sisifunde kulezi zinsuku ezinzima kusukela ekubukeni kokutshala imali umuntu ngamunye. Lapho ungalahlekelwa yingxenye yenzuzo eqoqwe eminyakeni edlule.
Ukuqonda Isilinganiso seDow
I-Dow Jones Industrial Average ingenye yezinkomba zamasheya ezibhekwe kakhulu emhlabeni. Kubalwa ngokususelwa kuzintengo zamasheya ezinkampani eziphezulu zase-US ezingama-30. Esikhundleni salokho, kuhlelwe ngendlela yokuthi ukunyakaza kwedola elilodwa ngentengo yamasheya yanoma iyiphi inkampani kuzoshintsha isilinganiso seDow Jones siye ezingeni elifanayo.
IDow, njengoba ivame ukufushaniswa, ivame ukubonwa njengesikali sokusebenza kwemakethe yonke, futhi lapho yeqa umkhawulo obalulekile, njengama-10.000 ngesikhathi se-dot-com boom ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990 noma ngama-20.000 muva nje , kubhekwa njengengqophamlando emakethe yamasheya ebanzi.
Izinkampani njengamanje ezikuDow Jones Industrial Average zifaka amagama emizi anjengeWalt Disney, Coca-Cola, IBM, Home Depot, Nike, ne-Apple.
Faka imali ezinkampanini zakwaDow Jones
Njengoba zonke izinkampani ezijwayelekile zeDow Jones zidayiswa esidlangalaleni, ungasesha uhlu lwezinkampani zeDow Jones futhi uthenge amasheya kunoma iyiphi yazo. Noma iyiphi inkampani ehweba ngamasheya izokwazi ukukusiza ekuthengeni amasheya, ngakho-ke funa eyodwa enezinga lenkonzo yamakhasimende nohlaka lwekhomishini oluthandayo.
Khumbula ukucabangela amakhomishini amafemu okuhweba akhokhisayo lapho ethatha isinqumo sokuthenga noma ukuthengisa amasheya, njengoba engadla inzuzo yakho noma akhuphule ukulahleka kwakho. Amanye amafemu ama-brokerage akwi-inthanethi anikela ngokuhweba okungenayo ikhomishini kweminye noma yonke imisebenzi, engathinta izinqumo zakho zokutshala imali.
Ungakhohlwa izinzuzo
Amasheya amaningi eDow Jones Industrial A average akhokha izinzuzo, okuyizinkokhelo ezivela ezinkampanini eziya kubaninimasheya. Kungaba nomthelela ekutheni uhola malini ngokuba ngamasheya kanye nokushintshashintsha kwentengo phakathi nesikhathi sokuthenga nokuthengisa. Sebenzisa umshini wokubala wokubala wokukhokha online ukubala ukuthi ingakanani imali engenayo yenkampani ekhokha kuzinzuzo. Futhi funa isivuno senzuzo yenkampani, okuyinkokhelo yesabelo sonyaka ehlukaniswe ngentengo yamasheya, lapho wenza izinqumo zakho zokutshala imali.
Njenganoma yisiphi isinqumo sokutshala imali, cwaninga izinkampani zeDow ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokuhweba ngamasheya abo. Ungafunda imibiko yemidiya neyabahlaziyi, imininingwane etholakala ku-brokerage yakho, kanye nolwazi kumafayela womphakathi ezinkampani. Lokhu kuvame ukutholakala ngokusebenzisa izingosi ze-online brokerage, ngokusebenzisa amawebhusayithi obudlelwano bezimali zabatshalizimali, nangeSecurity and Exchange Commission.
Amasu wokuthenga amasheya aqondile
Ezinye izinkampani zikuvumela ukuthi uthenge amasheya akho ngqo kubo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umthengisi wendabuko. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kungaba yisivumelwano esingcono kunokutshala imali nomthengisi, kepha kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi uqhathanisa imali ekhokhiswayo nezinkokhiso ezibandakanya izinketho ezahlukahlukene, futhi uqaphele noma yimiphi imikhawulo yokuthi ungathenga noma uthengise amasheya nini. Uma usuvele unayo i-akhawunti yomthengisi, kungakuhle ukuthi uphenye ukuthi kufanele yini ukuba namasheya ezinkampanini ezihlukene eziphethwe nge-akhawunti ehlukile.
Izinhlelo eziningi zokuthengwa kwamasheya eziqondile zikuvumela ukuthi uphinde uvuselele izinzuzo kumasheya amaningi enkampani.
Uma ungumsebenzi wenkampani eyingxenye ye-Dow, noma enye inkampani edayiswa esidlangalaleni, ungaba namathuba akhethekile okuthenga isitoko kumqashi wakho, okungenzeka njengengxenye yohlelo lokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Bona ukuthi yini ongayithola emsebenzini wakho nokuthi lezo zinketho zihlangana kanjani namanye amathuba okutshala imali.
Ukuthenga Izikhwama ze-Dow Index
Uma ngabe ulindele ukuthi iDow Jones Industrial Average isiyonke izokhuphuka, ukuthenga isikhwama senkomba esilandela izinkampani enkombeni kungaba inketho ekhangayo. Isikhwama senkomba siyimoto yokutshala imali elandela amasheya ngokuya ngefomula ethile, njengokulandela zonke izinkampani ku-index eyaziwayo yamasheya. Njengoba imali yenkomba ayidingi ubuchwepheshe obuningi bokukhetha amasheya, bavame ukukhokhisa imali ephansi kunezimali zendabuko, ezilawulwa ngokuzikhandla.
Izimali ze-Index zivame ukudlulisa izabelo ezikhokhelwe amasheya ayisisekelo kubatshalizimali, futhi ungakhetha ukuzithola ngqo njengezinkokhelo noma uzitshale kabusha kumasheya amaningi esikhwameni. Ngokuvamile, uzokhokhiswa intela kuzinzuzo ngonyaka ozithola ngazo, noma ngabe uzitshale kabusha noma cha.
Izimali eziningi zezinkomba ezilandelela iDow Jones Industrial Average yizimali ezidayiselwa ukushintshana, okusho ukuthi zithengwa ngabathengisi abaningi besebenzisa uphawu lwethikha, olufana nokuthenga amasheya. Uma unentshisekelo yokutshala imali kwi-Dow ETF, bheka eyodwa enesakhiwo semali oyithandayo nesikunikeza inkampani oyethembayo.
Thengisa noma ulinde?
Okwamanje lapho inzuzo enkulu iqala ukuvela kutshalomali olwenziwe, kuyinto ejwayelekile ngabasindisa imali ukuthi babheke ukuthi ngabe yisikhathi esifanele yini sokuthengisa noma, kunalokho, kungcono ukulinda izinzuzo zibe zinkulu kakhulu, okudingeka ukuthi ngaphambili kulungiswe isu ngaphambili lapho izinhloso zomtshali zimiswa khona, ngokususelwa kuphrofayli yabo, imigomo ebhekiswe kuyo nenhlokodolobha eyanikelwa, ekugcineni ezonquma ukuthi kungathathwa isinqumo siphi noma ngenye indlela yokushintshanisa ngamasheya.
Ezimweni zokuya phezulu, into enengqondo kunazo zonke ukubamba imali kuze kube yilapho izuza amanani angcono kwikhotheshini yayo noma kuze kuvele amasiginali akhombisa ukuphela kwalokhu, noma kunengozi yokuwela ezimweni ezingavamile ezingayenza iwele inani eliphawulekile ngokulahleka okulandelanayo esitatimendeni sakho semali engenayo.
Kuwukuhlakanipha ukukhetha ifomula ehlanganisa i-equation-risk equation njengecebo lokugcina amanani anikelwe, ikakhulukazi kulezo zikhathi ze-bearish lapho kulula khona ukuzuza okuncane okutholakele ukuba kube izikhathi ezimbalwa zokuhweba ngezinombolo ezibomvu zomtshalizimali, ngale nkinga-ke-ke ukuthi ngabe ukuthengisa ngezikhubazekile noma ungene kujule kakhulu kukho.