Intengo eshibhile yemali, ngenxa yesinqumo se-European Central Bank (ECB) ukuphatha i amazinga wenzalo ku-0%, yenze utshalomali ezimakethe zamasheya ukhetho olungcono kakhulu lokukhulisa ukonga kulo nyaka. Ukuze lokhu kube njalo, abatshalizimali banamasu amaningana angathuthukisa ngawo imiphumela yabo ezimakethe zezezimali. Okwamanje, ukwenza utshalomali lube nenzuzo kunzima kakhulu kuneminyaka embalwa edlule, ikakhulukazi ngemali engenayo engaguquki. Ngeke kube khona okunye ngaphandle kokukhetha ukuthatha izingozi eziningi ekuhwebeni ezimakethe zezimali.
Kusukela kule ndlela eya ekutshalweni kwemali, imakethe yamasheya yaseSpain yathengisa ngo-rokuguqukayo ngoDisemba ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-40.646, ngokuhambisana nenyanga eyedlule kanye no-4,8% ngaphezulu kunangesikhathi esifanayo sika-2018. Ukuqashwa konyaka wonke kufinyelele kuma-euro ayizigidi ezingama-469.626, okungu-18,1% ngaphansi kokuvivinya okwedlule. Inani lezentengiselwano eliqongelelwe kuze kufike kuDisemba lehle ngo-15,9%, laya ezigidini ezingama-37,2, ngemuva kokubhalisa ukuthengiselana kwezigidi ezingama-2,8 ngoDisemba, u-10,0% ngaphansi kukaDisemba 2018 no-11,4% ngaphansi kunangeNyanga edlule.
Kunoma ikuphi, imakethe yamasheya isengukukhetha okuhle kakhulu ukuthola imbuyiselo kulondolozo lwethu, ngethemba lokuthi kulo nyaka omusha izoziphatha kahle, okungenani njengango-2019. emakethe ukuthi ukuziphatha okubi kakhulu kuye kwaba ezimakethe zomhlaba ezisizungezile Ikakhulukazi, njengomphumela wokungabaza okudalwe yisimo sezepolitiki ezweni lethu futhi esijezise ingxenye enhle yezokuphepha ebhalwe emakethe kazwelonke eqhubekayo.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali emakethe yamasheya ngezinzuzo
Indlela elula yokufeza lezi zinhloso isuselwa kunkontileka yezokuphepha ezisabalalisa loholo kumnikazi wamasheya. Ama-78% ezinkampani ezifakwe kuhlu akhetha le ndlela yokuhola. Ngomkhawulo wenzuzo lokho kusuka ku-3% kuye ku-8%, ngokukhokha okungaguquguquki futhi okuqinisekisiwe njalo ngonyaka. Ukubika inzalo ephakeme kakhulu kunaleyo enikezwa okwamanje yimikhiqizo yasebhange ehlukile eyeqe amazinga ka-0,5%.
Ukusebenzisa leli qhinga lendabuko kusho ukuthi imali etshaliwe ingagcinwa ngesikhathi lapho ukungazinzi kungaba yinto ejwayelekile ezimakethe zezimali. Ngalo mqondo, imininingwane ikhombisa ukuthi imakethe yamasheya yaseSpain ingeyesithathu enenzuzo enkulu emhlabeni kulo mqondo, ngemuva kwemakethe yeGreat Britain neRussia kuphela. Ngenzuzo emaphakathi esondele kumazinga we-4%, kude ne-5% eyayibeka eminyakeni emithathu edlule futhi okuyibeka esimweni esihle impela uma iqhathaniswa nenye. Ngokwesilinganiso phakathi kwenzuzo nobungozi okungathathwa njengokuthakazelisa kakhulu kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi.
Ukutshalwa kwemali okuhlukahlukene
Ukwenza ngcono isitatimende semali engenayo sabatshalizimali alukho uhlelo olungcono kunokwehlukanisa iziphakamiso zabo zokutshala imali. Lokho wukuthi, esikhundleni sokugcina imali yakho enkampanini eyodwa efakwe kuhlu, kwenze kokuningi okuvela imikhakha ehlukene futhi uma kungaqhamuka ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba. Ngethuba elikhulu lokuthi ekupheleni konyaka inzuzo yephothifoliyo yezokuphepha izoba phezulu kakhulu. Ikakhulu, iphothifoliyo ephansi yokutshalwa kwemali enabaphathi abasebenzayo futhi engakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha ezilethwa izimakethe zezimali.
Ukwehlukaniswa kokutshalwa kwemali ezimakethe zamasheya kungathuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela eyenziwe ukusebenza kwethu emakethe yamasheya. Ngenxa yokuthi izingcuphe ziyancishiswa maqondana nokutshalwa kwezimali ekuvikelekeni okukodwa, kanye nangamathuba amakhulu okushaya isimilo i-Ibex 35 engakuthola kulo msebenzi.Ukuba ngomunye wokhiye abakhulu bokugcina imali yethu lezi zikhathi nasebusweni bokuthi kungenzeka yini ezimakethe zezimali kulezi zinyanga ezingaphambili. Ukugwema isimanga esingajwayelekile sokuthi amanani wezimali zaseSpain angasiletha.
Thenga amasheya e-uptrend
Enye yezinsiza ezingcono kakhulu zokwengeza ukuzuza kwemali emakethe yamasheya kusekelwe ekukhetheni amanani we-bullish kakhulu ezimakethe zezimali. Yibo abanethuba elihle kakhulu lokwazisa esikhathini esifushane. Ngoba ingcindezi yokuthenga inamandla kakhulu kunaleyo ethengiswayo ngakho-ke isebenza njengesiphephelo enhlokodolobha enkulu yezwe neyamazwe omhlaba. Ukuthenga amasheya kumasheya we-uptrend kungaba yikhambi elihle kakhulu gwema izimo ezingafuneki ezimakethe zezimali. Ukubhekana nalokho okungenzeka ezinyangeni ezizayo nokuthi ekugcineni kungagcina kuthinte imiphumela yokuhweba emakethe yamasheya.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungakhohlwa ukuthi leli qhinga lisebenza kahle kakhulu ekufezeni ukuzuza kwemali esikhathini esifushane kakhulu sokuhlala unomphela. Ngethuba lokubuyekeza elingaba mnandi kakhulu ezinhlosweni zethu njengabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, ezibalweni ezifana nalezi ze- ukuvuka kwamahhala okuyinto ezuzisa kakhulu izintshisekelo zethu ngoba ayinakho ukumelana phambili futhi into ejwayelekile kakhulu ukuthi amanani ayo aqhubeke nokunyuka ezinsukwini noma emasontweni. Kusu elingeyona inkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukwenziwa ngabatshalizimali abanokufunda okuncane kulesigaba sokusebenza kwesitoko.
Khetha amasheya ashisayo
Amanani achazwe njengashisayo yilawo anokunyakaza okukhulu esikhathini futhi imvamisa nge ingcindezi yokuthenga eshayela amanani abo ngamandla amakhulu. Ngokuthokozela kwamasonto onke okusabalalisa phakathi kuka-5% no-10%, nokuthi yini ebaluleke kakhulu ngobizo oluthakazelisa kakhulu lokuba unomphela njengokuthengwa ngenani. Lezi yiziphakamiso ezimakethe zamasheya okufanele zisizakale ngaso sonke isikhathi ngoba ziveza ithuba eliyingqayizivele lokuzuza inzuzo enhle ngesikhathi esifushane. Akumangalisi ukuthi ukunyuka kwabo ngezinyawo kubonwa ukuma kwabo okukhulu yize isikhathi sabo sinqunyelwe ngoba banosuku lokuphelelwa isikhathi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lesi sigaba samanani akhetheke kangaka sehlukaniswe ngaphezu kwakho konke ngoba sethula umzuzu onamandla kakhulu obahlukanisa nabanye. Ngevolumu yokuhweba evelele ukukhuphuka kwayo ngalezo zinsuku, njengenye yezinkomba ezisikhombisa ukuthi sitholakale kalula futhi siqinisekise ukuthi sibhekene nelinye lamagugu ashisa kakhulu ezimakethe zezimali. Lapho kuvame kakhulu ukuthi lezi zinkampani ezibalulwe zikhonjwa njengalezo zezimali ezinkulu neziphakathi ezinamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lezi zici ezithile.
Ukunqoba ukumelana
Leli elinye lamasu aphephe futhi athembeke kakhulu okwenza ukonga okunenzuzo ngeziqinisekiso ezinkulu zempumelelo kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Ngoba okwamanje ukuphikiswa kudluliwe amandla okuthenga kungaphezu kokusobala futhi kuvame ukufinyelela emazingeni aphezulu kakhulu. Umzila maqondana nesikhathi sawo awuphakeme kakhulu, kepha ukubuya kwawo usebenza kahle kakhulu. Njengoba kuyisu lokutshala imali elingajwayele ukwenza iphutha ekuhlolweni kwalo ngakho-ke kulula ukuthi unake isici sobuchwepheshe salezi zimiso zesitoko. Ngoba kuningi okungatholwa ngalolu hlobo lokusebenza ezimakethe zezezimali. Kangangokuthi kwesinye isikhathi singaphuma ezimakethe zamasheya kusenesikhathi.
Luhlelo olusetshenziswa ngokuvama okukhulu ngabatshalizimali abaningi abancane nabaphakathi, ikakhulukazi labo abanakho ngokufunda okukhulu kulesi sigaba sokusebenza. Yize okubaluleke ngempela umzuzu lapho kufanele sishiye khona imakethe yamasheya ngoba akulula kakhulu ukusheshisa imisebenzi ngaphambi kokuthi kwenzeke ezingxenyeni ezilandelayo zokuhweba. Kunoma ikuphi, kuyithuluzi elisha esinalo lokuthola inzuzo enkulu yemali kulezi zinhlangano ezimakethe zezimali ezisigcinele zona kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Esinye isici okufanele sisicabangele yileso esihlobene nokuthi ukweqa lezi zintengo kusho ukubonakaliswa okusobala kwamandla okungafanele ukuthi sikuphuthe noma nini. Ngoba yisimo esenzeka ngokujwayelekile emakethe kazwelonke eqhubekayo ngakho-ke kuhlale kunezinketho zokuba namanani analezi zici zobuchwepheshe ezisesandleni. Ukufika ezingeni lokuthi singakhetha ngisho nephrofayili yenkampani noma umkhakha lapho kuhlanganiswe khona. Ngaphandle kwengozi yephutha njengenye yezinhlaka zayo ezivamile futhi lokho kufanele kubhekwe ngalesi sikhathi. Lapho kufanele uvumele inzuzo isebenze ize ikhombise izimpawu zokuqala zobuthakathaka ezimakethe futhi kungathatha isikhathi ukuthi zivele. Lapho ukuphakama kwalo kuphakama khona kubonakala ngokuma mpo kwayo yize ubude bayo bunqunyelwe kunanoma yini enye.