Izabelo zingaba inketho ethakazelisa kakhulu yokufaka emaphothifoliyo wabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi ngezikhathi ezimbalwa ze ukwanda kokungazinzi nokukhathazeka ezimakethe zokulingana. Ngokunikeza ukungahlangani okukhulu nokuhlukahluka, kepha ngaphezu kwakho konke ukwaziswa okukhona kwi-akhawunti yethu yokonga, okungathi kusukela ngonyaka ozayo kube yinani elengeziwe futhi elibaluleke kakhulu. Lapho singathola khona futhi ekulahlekelweni okungenzeka ukuthi singaba nakho kwikhotheshini yamanani abo.
Kulesi simo jikelele, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izimali zezimali zaseSpain zingenye yezimakethe zesitoko ezivulekile lapho kwenziwa lezi zinkokhelo nge-akhawunti. Ngenzuzo emaphakathi nonyaka esondele kakhulu ku-5%. Ngaphezu kwalokho okunikezwa yimikhiqizo eminingi yezezimali nokuthi yini ebaluleke kakhulu, ngendlela ehleliwe futhi eqinisekisiwe minyaka yonke. Noma yini eyenzekayo ezimakethe zezezimali. Ukwenza leli qhinga lokutshala imali libe yimodeli ezuzisa kakhulu ngezikhathi ezimbi kakhulu emakethe yamasheya futhi okuzoke kwenzeke.
Phakathi kwazo zonke iziphakamiso zemakethe yamasheya ezihambisa lo mholo kubaninimasheya, sizokhetha amanani athile angaholela ohlotsheni lwe inzalo esondele ku-8%. Kepha futhi baveza isici esihle kakhulu sezobuchwepheshe futhi bamema abatshalizimali ukuthi bavule izikhundla kusuka manje. Ngokuvamile ngamandla okubuyekeza okufanele abhekwe njengakhanga kakhulu okwamanje. Lezi yizibambiso zemikhakha eyehlukene ezimakethe zezimali. Ngemigqa yebhizinisi yazo zonke izinhlobo nemvelo.
Ukwahlukaniswa: Telefónica
Esinye seziphakamiso ezisikisela kakhulu yileso se-telecom kazwelonke esezingeni eliphezulu. Ngemuva kokuwa kwayo kokugcina, ikwazile ukusondela kakhulu kuma-7%, ngenkokhelo yonyaka yama-euro angu-0,40 ngesabelo ngasinye minyaka yonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwengxenye enhle yabahlaziyi bezezimali, intengo yayo ingafinyelela ku, okungenani ama-euro angama-8. Esenendlela ende yokuhamba ngayo, ukuhweba cishe nge-6,50 euros. Kwelinye lamavelu ofeleba ophakeme kunawo wonke wezimali zamazwe. Ukungabonakali ukuthi kungahle kwehle phansi esikhathini esifushane naphakathi. Okusho ukuthi, kulungiswe kuwo wonke amachibi okwenza iphothifoliyo yakho elandelayo yokutshala imali.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, singekhohlwe ukuthi le ngcingo ebaluleke kakhulu ingenye yezokuphepha lapho abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi befaka khona imali abayongile ukuze bazenzele inzuzo. Lokho wukuthi, ngeke ube nankinga yokulungisa amanani entengo wokungena nokuphuma kule nkampani. Ukuba enye yamashipsi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emakethe yamasheya aseSpain ngakho-ke ayithambekele kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukunyakaza ngamandla amakhulu, ohlangothini ngalunye nakokunye. Ngaphandle kokuthi emashumini eminyaka amuva nje ilahlekelwe yizikhundla kusuka kuma-euro ayi-14 ngamanani ayo. Ngokuncipha kwenani okungaphezu kwama-50%, nokuningi emakethe yamasheya.
U-IAG owokugcina ukungena esikebheni
Inkampani yezindiza ingenye yezindlela ezingasetshenziswa ezimakethe zamasheya ukufeza isabelo esinenzuzo enkulu lapho sibhekene nalokho okungenzeka eminyakeni ezayo ezimakethe zezezimali. Ngoba empeleni, ngokuhweba eduze kwama-euro angama-4, isabelo sinethuba lokubuyekeza okuthakazelisa kakhulu ukulifaka kuphothifoliyo yethu yokutshala imali. Noma kunjalo isikhathi esifushane Kusindwe ukukhuphuka kwentengo kawoyela ongahluziwe futhi lokho kungathatha nokulinganiselwa kwayo kuze kufike ku- $ 90 umphongolo.
Enye yezingqinamba zayo ukuthi enye yezindinganiso ezithinteke kakhulu yiBrexit futhi ngalo mqondo inganikeza isimanga esisha esibi ezinyangeni ezizayo. Kepha esikhundleni salokho, futhi ngenxa yokwahlukaniswa kwayo okuphezulu, kungaba yithuba lebhizinisi lesikhathi esiphakathi futhi ikakhulukazi isikhathi eside. Izikhathi lapho lingabuye lilinganise khona kabusha, ngenkathi lijabulela enye yezinzuzo eziphana kakhulu ezisatshalaliswa kusuka enkombeni ekhethiwe yamasheya aseSpain. Ngakho-ke, kuzofanele sibheke i-IAG njengenye yezimpahla zezezimali ezingasenza sizuze imali kusuka manje kuqhubeke.
I-Endesa i-classic kwizabelo
Inkampani kagesi ingenye yaleyo enikeza inzuzo engcono kakhulu yale nkokhelo kumnikazi wamasheya, ikakhulukazi ngenzalo esondele ku-7%. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi yisikhathi esihle sokuba nezinsiza kuphothifoliyo yokutshala imali ngoba zisebenza njengesiphephelo ngezikhathi zokungazinzi okukhulu ezimakethe zezezimali. Ukubheja okucacile impela esikhathini esimaphakathi nesikhathi eside ngoba ngeke inikeze izinguquko ezinkulu emananini ayo futhi lokhu kuyisici esithandwa kakhulu ngabatshalizimali abanephrofayili yokuzivikela noma yokulondoloza.
Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele wazi ukuthi kusukela ngonyaka ka-2021 le nkampani ngeke isabeka yonke inzuzo yayo ekukhokheni izinzuzo. Uma kungenjalo, kunalokho, kuzoba yi-80% kuphela yabo, ngemuva kwesinqumo esathathwa yibhodi ngonyaka odlule. Lokhu kuyindumalo encane kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abazobona le nkokhelo yehla eminyakeni ezayo. Ekushintsheni isu lenkampani lokuzama ukukhulisa imigqa yebhizinisi layo
ICaixabank yibhange elinenzuzo enkulu
Ibhange laseCatalan yilona elinikeza isabelo esiphezulu, kanye noSabadell, emkhakheni wezamabhange. Ngenzuzo emaphakathi nonyaka engu-7% futhi lokho kwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuthi kuthengwe ukuthola imali ngale nkokhelo kumnikazi wamasheya. Ngaphandle kokuthi ihlobo leli, amasheya alo ehle kakhulu ukuze asondele eduze kakhulu ne- amazinga we-2 euro isabelo ngasinye. Ngale ndlela, ithuthukise kakhulu inzuzo yayo yalo mqondo nokuthi iyakwenza nakwezinye izibambiso ezingaba yingxenye yephothifoliyo yethu yezokuphepha.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele futhi kwaziwe ukuthi kubonakala sengathi kumise ukwehla kwayo emakethe yamasheya futhi kungahle kutholakale ukuthambekela okuphezulu ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka. Yize ngaphandle kokubala ngokuvumelana okuhle amabhange amakhulu aseSpain anakho, njengeBBVA neSantander. Kunoma ikuphi, enye yezinhloso zikaCaixabank ukufinyelela emazingeni ama-euro amathathu esikhathini esifushane. Ngaphandle kwazo zonke izinkinga umkhakha webhange odlula kuzo noma ngasiphi isikhathi ungaphinde ubhekane nesikhathi samanje sokuthengisa.
I-ACS ithuthukisa ukukhokha kwayo kubaninimasheya
Inkampani yokwakha kaFlorentino Pérez ibilokhu inyusa izinga lenzalo kunzuzo yayo eminyakeni yamuva nje yaba ngu-6% oyisiphakamiso. Ngaphandle kwalokho, eyakhe isici sobuchwepheshe sihle kakhulu futhi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ingaqala kabusha ukuthambekela kwayo okuphezulu, ngaphandle kokunquma ukuthi intengo yamasheya ayo ingafinyelela emazingeni asondele kakhulu kuma-euro angama-40. Ngemuva kweFerrovial, lena yinkampani yesibili yokwakha esebenza kahle ezimakethe zezimali.
Kuyadingeka futhi ukugcizelela ukuthi, ngokushesha nje lapho isimo sezimakethe silandela, kungaba elinye lamathuba okuthenga. Kokubili maqondana nokukhokhwa kwezabelo zayo kanye nokubuyekezwa okungaba nakho ekuvumelaneni kwamanani ayo. Akumangalisi ukuthi ingaqhutshwa ukuvela kwezinkontileka ezintsha ezinganikeza isisusa esisha sokuvula izikhundla kwelinye lamagugu emkhakheni wezitini wendabuko. Inqobo nje uma ukusekelwa enakho kuma-euro angama-30 kungalahlekile, ngeke kubekhona ubuthakathaka obuncane ezikhundleni zayo.
Ama-Enagás asenhloko yesabelo
Enye yezinto zakudala ezinhle kakhulu ekusatshalalisweni kwezabelo iminyaka eminingi, kuze kube seqophelweni lokunikeza imbuyiselo esondele ku-8%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhekane nengcindezi enamandla yokuthengisa eholele ekutheni kuthengwe amanani akhanga kakhulu. Cishe i-19 ne-20 euros nokuthi babezoba nenhloso kwasekuqaleni kwabangu-23. Leli yinani elamukelwa ngabatshalizimali abakhetha leli qhinga lokutshala imali, ngokuvamile elihlotshaniswa nephrofayili elandelanayo noma evikelayo. Njengenye inkampani emkhakheni, njengoba kunjalo ngeRed Eléctrica Española.
Ngenye yeziphakamiso ezivikela kakhulu lapho okwamanje, kepha kulokhu kunenzuzo yokuthi inamandla amakhulu wokubuyekeza ngenxa yokusikeka okwenziwe kuleli hlobo. Kunoma ikuphi, konke kubonakala kukhombisa ukuthi ngezikhundla zabo banamathuba amaningi okwenza imali kunokulahleka. Lokho wukuthi, izingozi zibukeka zilawulwa kahle kakhulu ezimweni zokuvula izikhundla kwezokuphepha. Akumangalisi ukuthi inokusekelwa okunokwethenjelwa kakhulu kuma-euro angama-18 futhi kungavimbela ukuwa okuqonde mpo. Njengethuluzi lokuzivikela elingasiza abatshalizimali. Inqobo nje uma ukusekelwa enakho kuma-euro angu-18,50 kungalahleki, ngeke kubekhona ubuthakathaka obuncane.