Kwinqanaba lembali elalisaziwa njengamaXesha Aphakathi, iinkosi zombutho zazidla ngokuqesha abantu ukuba basebenze kwiiworkshops zabo. Oku kwaziwa ngolwimi lwesiFrentshi njengoJorurée, kuvela kweli gama lesiFrentshi apho amagama akhoyo ngoku athathwe: Abasebenzi bemini nabemini, ezinokuthi ngamagama alula ukuba ngabo bantu basebenzela umvuzo wosuku.
Yintoni umvuzo?
Ixesha lomvuzo Inokuqondwa njengomvuzo ofunyanwa ngumsebenzi ngokutshintshisela usuku lomsebenzi okanye lomsebenzi; Ngaphandle koko inokuchazwa njengomsebenzi owenziwa ngumqhubi wosuku ngalunye.
Ke ngoko, sinokuthi umvuzo yenye yeendlela ezikhoyo zomvuzo womsebenzi yomntu oqeshiweyo, nangona kunjalo, eli gama liye lafuduswa ngamanye amagama ngokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo njenge: umvuzo, umvuzo, imbuyekezo, isibonelelo esihlawulelweyo, umvuzo, okanye iifizi, phakathi kwabanye.
El umvuzo ubhebhethekisa ingxaki ebonakaliswa ngumvuzo, Kuba ithimba umsebenzi naluphi na uvuselelo olumenza ukuba azame ukuphucula umsebenzi wakhe, ikwafuna ukuba alumke, ekufuneka iqhubekeke, ke ngoko kuyabiza kakhulu kwaye kude kube nokuza neziphumo ezimbalwa kakhulu, kwaye ke kwenza xa abasebenzi Ukusebenza ngendlela efanayo, oko kukuthi, baninzi abanoxanduva olufanayo, iinzame ziya kulawulwa ngabo bangasebenzi ngenkuthalo emsebenzini wabo, oku kuthetha ubuvila, isimo sengqondo esibi, umgangatho ombi, kwezinye izinto; Kungenxa yokuba intlawulo yomsebenzi owenziweyo iya kufana kuwo wonke umntu, ke ngoko akukho sizathu sokwenza lo msebenzi ngendlela engcono, kodwa ngokusekwe kubuncinci obufunekayo kukuba imisebenzi enikwe abasebenzi iya kwenziwa. Kungenxa yale nto ibizwa ngokuba ukuqhekeka (eyindlela ekhoyo yokuqesha apho umqeshwa ahlawulisa ngokusuka kwingcinga yomsebenzi owenziweyo, endaweni yexesha elichithwe), Yinto yokubuyisela enenzuzo enkulu kumhla kwiimeko ezininzi.
Ngoku masiqhubeke sichaze Umsebenzi wosuku, elinye igama elinokusetyenziswa njengegama elifanayo linophawuNgumntu oqeshiweyo osebenza endaweni yomvuzo okanye into efanayo, intlawulo yexesha lomsebenzi wosuku; ikwasoloko isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengegama elisetyenziswa kubasebenzi bezolimo abangena mhlaba.
Ngoku, ngokwandiswa kwelo gama umqeshwa, Ingasetyenziswa nakubasebenzi abakwimimandla yezolimo abangabanini bemihlaba, oko kukuthi, abasebenzi into eyeyabo. Eli nani limele umqeshwa wosuku likwanxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo namacandelo amakhulu akumazantsi eSpain, ngakumbi kulawo eAndalusia. Kweminye imimandla yaseAndalusia, abasebenzi bemini ababeqeshwe ngexesha lokuhlwayela okanye ixesha le-gañanía babizwa ngokuba zii gañanes.
Umvuzo kunye nomvuzo omncinci wokusebenza
Kwintsimi yaseSpain, umvuzo ophantsi wobungcali (SMI) Ngowona mvuzo uphantsi ngenkxaso yezomthetho anokuqokelelwa ngumsebenzi, nokuba uzinikele kangakanani na emsebenzini. Le SMI inokubonakaliswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, konke kusekelwe kwiiyunithi zemali; nokuba kungosuku, inyanga okanye unyaka womsebenzi. Le SMI ipapashwa minyaka le kwi-BOE.
Ukuze kusekwe Umvuzo omncinci ohambelana nonyaka ngamnye, I-Index yamaXabiso abaThengi (i-CPI) kufuneka iqwalaselwe ngokudibeneyo, kunye nento ehambelana nemveliso yesizwe, kunye nokwanda kwenxaxheba yabasebenzi malunga nomvuzo wesizwe kwaye kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo kuqoqosho. imeko ehlalutyiweyo ngokubanzi. Owona mvuzo usezantsi unokulungiswa kwisithuba sonyaka xa kukho umahluko kuhlahlo-lwabiwo mali olunikezelwe kwisalathiso sexabiso labathengi (CPI).
Ezi zilandelayo imizekelo yokuziphatha komvuzo kule minyaka idlulileyo. Ngonyaka we-2013 wawusetelwe nguMmiselo wasebukhosini 1717/2012, ngomhla we-28 kuDisemba kwi-21,51 euro yosuku ngalunye kunye ne-645,30 ye-euro kwinyanga nganye, ukongeza kubandakanya iintlawulo ezi-2 ezingaqhelekanga. Ukuba ezi ntlawulo zahlulwe zayi-12 iintlawulo, nganye nganye ihambelana nenyanga enye yonyaka, ngaphandle kokongezwa, isiphumo esona sisezantsi somvuzo senyanga sixabisa i-752,85 ye-euro. Eli nani libalwayo libhekisa kumvuzo opheleleyo, ongqinelana nento ebizwa ngokuba ngumsebenzi osisigxina (othi, eSpain, kuninzi lomsebenzi womsebenzi uthetha iiyure ezingama-40 zomsebenzi ngeveki, ukuba oku kwahlulwe ukuze kushiywe ishedyuli apho zonke iintsuku zokusebenza zeveki zineenombolo ezifanayo zeeyure ezinikezelweyo, ezihambelana neeyure ezisi-8 ngosuku). Kwiimeko ezininzi kakhulu, ukuba nangasiphi na isizathu kwenziwa usuku olufutshane lokusebenza, intlawulo okanye icandelo elilinganisiweyo elihambelana nexesha elisetyenzisiweyo liya kufunyanwa.
Ngokutsho kwe Udidi lomsebenzi wobugcisaKunye nezivumelwano zeshishini ezenziwayo, isixa esichaziweyo sinokunyuswa okanye sinokuncitshiswa kwimeko apho umsebenzi ekwimeko ezithile zoqeqesho. Ubudlelwane babasebenzi kunye neenkcukacha zichaziwe kwiNgxelo yabasebenzi
NgoDisemba ka-2011 kwenzeka into engaqhelekanga, uRhulumente waseMariano Rajoy wamkhulula uMvuzo omncinci, oku kubalulekile ukuqaqambisa kuba okokuqala ukusukela oko kwaqaliswa owona mvuzo mncinci. Ngo-2012, urhulumente weQela oDumileyo wenza okufanayo, elele kwakhona umvuzo omncinci oqingqiweyo. Kwi-2014 le meko iphinde yavela, ishiya umvuzo omncinci ungumkhenkce kwi-645,30 ye-euro ngenyanga. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ngokuzibophelela, ikhontrakthi kufuneka ibe neentlawulo ezimbini ezongezelelweyo, kungale ndlela, xa usongeza ulwabiwo lweentlawulo ezihambelana nenxalenye enye ngenyanga, umvuzo omncinci waseSpain, oko kukuthi, emva kwerhafu, ingaba yiba yi- € 2 ngenyanga.
Ngoku makhe siqwalasele oko kubandakanya umvuzo we-accounting. Kuludwe lwemivuzo ekhethekileyo, kukho iindidi ezine zemivuzo: eyokuqala ngumvuzo wentengiso, owesibini uhambelana nomvuzo weerisithi, udidi lwesithathu lomvuzo lubhekisa kumvuzo wokuthenga kwaye owokugqibela ngumvuzo. yintlawulo yemali yemihla ngemihla. Iinkampani ezisebenzisa enye okanye ezingaphezulu zalemivuzo zipapasha imicimbi leyo. Kwezo meko apho umvuzo awuyiyo eyenye yeendidi ezine zomvuzo owodwa, lIntengiselwano iya kupapashwa kwiphephancwadi jikelele, kuba eli phephancwadi jikelele linokuhlengahlengiswa kuwo nawuphi na uhlobo lwentengiselwano. Ulwahlulo lukhona kuba indlela eyodwa isekiwe ukulungiselela iintlobo ezithile zentengiselwano equlethwe yiyo.
Kwisihlandlo ngasinye apho inkampani ihlawula imali, ukuyigcina, irekhodi lokuthengiselana lipapashwa kulindixesha ohambelana nokuhlawulwa kwemali. Kule umvuzo ubandakanyiwe kuzo zonke iintlawulo ezenziweyo ngokusebenzisa iitsheki, iintlawulo zemali kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zentlawulo zombane apho imali idlula kwangoko kumqeshwa. Kwi-accounting, ngalo lonke ixesha uhlawula ngekheshi, ufakwa kwiakhawunti yemali. Isizathu sokuba oku kwenzeke kukuba "imali" yiakhawunti yeasethi, kwaye zonke ezi akhawunti zeasethi zinemali eseleyo yokuhlawula imali. Le bhalansi imele imali inkampani enayo ngokukhawuleza, oku kuthetha ukuba ezinye izinto ezinjengeebhalansi ezingekahlawulwa okanye iiakhawunti ezihlawulwayo azifakwanga kula manani.
Ukuze i ulawulo lwemivuzo lwenziwa ngendlela engcono, Zonke izinto ezenziweyo ezenziweyo ngexesha lenyanga ziyarekhodwa, emva koko iikholamu zomvuzo zongezwa. Emva kokwenza oku kungasentla, iitotali zetyala kunye neekhredithi zenkampani kufuneka zilingane. Ukuba oku akwenzeki, bubungqina bokuba impazamo okanye impazamo yenzekile ngexesha lenkqubo. Emva kwexesha, xa iitotali zigqityiwe kwaye ezinye ziqinisekisiwe, itotali nganye ehambelana nekholamu ifakwa kwileja ngokubanzi, eyirekhodi egcinwe kuzo zonke iiakhawunti kunye nezilinganisi ezikhoyo kwinkampani. Onke la manyathelo ayenziwa ukuze inkampani ikwazi ukuzilungiselela ngcono iiakhawunti zento enayo, ngokubhekisele kwintlawulo yomvuzo.
Iindlela zokuhlawula ezinokukhethwa ziinkampani
Iinkampani zinokukhetha ukuphinda zichaze inani labasebenzi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ukongeza, ezinye zazo zinezibonelelo zazo zerhafu kubo bobabini abasebenzi kunye nenkampani. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ilizwe ngalinye linokuhlawula ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kwaye nangona kuye kwakho intetho malunga nomvuzo omncinci eSpain, kukho amazwe apho lo mvuzo mncinci ungekhoyo. Njengoko ilizwe ngalinye lilawulwa ngokuzimeleyo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeshishini ziyavela, kunye namalungelo awahlukeneyo kubasebenzi balo. Ngaphandle kwemisebenzi umsebenzi anokuyinikela kwinkampani ayisebenzelayo, inkampani nganye ixhomekeke kwicandelo, indlela eqhuba ngayo umsebenzi wayo, kunye nelizwe elingakulo, elinokuhlawula umvuzo wabo ngendlela eyahlukileyo.
Ukwenza oku, siza kujonga ezinye zeendlela ezahlukeneyo onokuthi uhlawulwe ngazo lo mvuzo.
Ukunikezela ngezabelo zenkampani uqobo
Kuziqhelanisa eqhelekileyo kumazwe eAnglo-Saxon, kodwa eSpain iseyinto encinci kakhulu. Olu hlobo lomvuzo lulandela iinjongo ezahlukeneyo. Kwelinye icala, ukuba izabelo zinikezelwa simahla okanye ngexabiso eliphantsi kunentengiso, umqeshwa angayeka ukuhlawula irhafu ukuba ixabiso lilonke aligqibi ukudlula kwi- $ 12.000 ngonyaka.
Olunye uncedo lwale ndlela yokuhlawula abasebenzi kukungqamanisa umdla wabo kunye nenkampani. Le logic ilele kwinto yokuba inkampani isebenza ngcono, kokukhona izabelo ziya kufaneleka, kuba abanini ngabona bantu bachaphazelekayo kwinkampani eqhuba kakuhle.
Ukuhlawula amatikiti erestyu
Olu hlobo lwentlawulo sele luxhaphakile kulo lonke elaseSpain. Luhlobo lwekhadi lokuhlawula okanye amatikiti anokusetyenziswa kwiivenkile zokubuka iindwendwe kunye neeresityu ezibamkelayo (zihlala zininzi sele zikhona).
Kumsebenzi, i- € 11 yokuqala ngosuku ezamkelweyo, ngeentsuku zomsebenzi, Baxolelwe ekubambeni irhafu yomntu. Kwinkampani, inelungelo lokuxolelwa ekuhlawuleni irhafu yombutho.
Ngezicwangciso zepenshini zenkampani
Yiminikelo eyenziwa ziinkampani kwiimveliso zokhuselo lwasentlalweni, kwaye enye yazo zizicwangciso zepenshini. Banandipha isibonelelo serhafu ephindwe kabini. Kwiinkampani, le minikelo iyatsalwa kwirhafu yomdibaniso. Ngokumalunga nabasebenzi unokutsalwa irhafu Yonke imirhumo kwizicwangciso zepenshini ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8.000 ephezulu ye- € 30 ngomda we-XNUMX% yomvuzo wakho.
Ezothutho
Yindlela apho inkampani inokuhlawula ukufuduswa kwabasebenzi bayo kwaye baxhamle ngokungayihlawuli. Umsebenzi akazukuhlawula irhafu kubo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1.500 ephezulu ye- € kunye ne-136'36 ngenyanga.
Singabandakanya apha ukuba inkampani ibonelela ngesithuthi senkampani, kwimeko apho iya kukhululwa ekuhlawuleni i-20% yexabiso lesithuthi esitsha.
I-inshorensi yempilo
Yinto eqhelekileyo phakathi kweenkampani ezinkulu. Bobabini abasebenzi kunye nabazisebenzelayo i- € 500 yokuqala ngonyaka inokutsalwa ukuba uthatha i-inshurensi yezempilo. Njengenzuzo, i-inshurensi yoxanduva lwaseburhulumenteni okanye i-inshurensi yengozi yomsebenzi ayihlawuliswa rhafu.
Uvavanyo lwezononophelo
Enye yeenketho ozithandayo kwabo banabantwana. Ukuhlolwa kwezononophelo kusetyenziselwa ukuhlawula iindleko zabantwana abaphakathi kwe-0 ukuya kwi-3 yeminyaka ubudala abaya kumaziko okhathalelo lwemini nakumaziko abantwana. Njengakwiitikiti zokutyela, zezi uxolelwe ukuhlawula irhafu yengeniso kwaye njengenzuzo akukho mda wenyanga okanye wonyaka wokutshekishwa.
Iikhosi kunye noqeqesho
La inzuzo kabini Ukuba ukuhlawulwa kwezi zifundo noqeqesho kunako ngomsebenzi kunye nenkampani kulomdla ngamnye. Kwelinye icala, iya kuba simahla into yokuba umsebenzi afumane olu qeqesho ekwangakwicala asebenzela kulo. Kwelinye icala, ukuze inkampani ikwazi ukuba nabasebenzi abaqeqeshwe ngcono kwiindawo zabo.