Iingcaphuno zikaMilton Friedman

Zininzi iingcali zezoqoqosho ezaziwayo ezinokusikhuthaza ngobulumko kunye namava, umzekelo, ngamabinzana amakhulu kaMilton Friedman. Lo waseMelika uphumelele igama elibalulekileyo kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yama-XNUMX. Kungelo xesha ke apho waba ngomnye wabagxeki eziphambili iingcamango kwezoqoqosho ezinxulumene John Maynard Keynes. Wachaza imodeli yoqoqosho oluxubileyo olwaba sisiseko ngokubanzi kwinani elikhulu lamazwe aphuhlileyo ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi.

Ngenxa yokubaluleka nefuthe awayenalo uFriedman ngelo xesha, siza kulinikela kuye eli nqaku. Siza kuthetha kancinci ngobomi bakhe kunye nethiyori yakhe, kodwa siza kuqaphela amabinzana kaMilton Friedman.

Iingcaciso ezili-12 ezilungileyo zikaMilton Friedman

UFriedman wachazwa ngu Economist njengaye "Ingcali yezoqoqosho echaphazelekileyo kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yama-XNUMX" kwaye "ingxilimbela phakathi kwezoqoqosho." Ngesi sizathu, amabinzana kaMilton Friedman awachithwa. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba sizifunde ukuze sikhuthaze ukucinga kwethu okunzulu:

1. "Uninzi lwempikiswano ngokuchasene nemarike yasimahla isekwe kukungazithembi kwinkululeko uqobo."
2. «Ndivumelana nokubeka iziyobisi ngokusemthethweni. Ngokwenkqubo yam yexabiso, ukuba abantu bafuna ukuzibulala, banelungelo lokwenza njalo. Uninzi lomonakalo ovela kwiziyobisi kungokuba akukho mthethweni. "
3. "Ngaphandle kwezinye izinto, oosomashishini bayayithanda imarike yasimahla, kodwa bayachasa xa kuziwa kwishishini labo."
4. "Ingxaki yokuziphatha ukuba urhulumente ujika abe zizaphuli-mthetho ezinokuthi zenze into esingayamkeliyo mna nawe, kodwa into engonzakalisi omnye umntu."
5. "Enye yeempazamo ezinkulu kukugweba imigaqo-nkqubo kunye neenkqubo ngeenjongo zabo kunokuba iziphumo zabo."
6. "Kuya kufuneka ucacise phakathi kokuba yintengiso kunye nokuba yishishini lokuxhasa."
7. “Uluntu olubeka ukulingana ngaphambi kwenkululeko alunakuba nalo. Uluntu olubeka inkululeko ngaphambi kokulingana luya kufumana umlinganiso omkhulu wazo zombini.
8. Oorhulumente abafundanga; ngabantu abafundayo kuphela.
9. “Kufuneka siyiqonde into yokuba masingalindelanga into engenakufikeleleka. Ndingathanda ukubona izinto ezenziwa ngurhulumente zincinci kunaleyo sinayo ngoku, kodwa andiqondi ukuba sinokuba kwimeko apho singamdingi urhulumente konke konke.
10. «Ukulunga okukhulu kwenkqubo yentengiso yasimahla kukuba imarike ayikhathali ngombala wabantu; akakhathali nokuba yintoni na inkolo yakhe; ukhathalele kuphela ukuba unokuvelisa into oyifunayo. Yeyona nkqubo isebenzayo esiyifumene ukuvumela abantu abathiyanayo ukuba basebenzisane kwaye bancedane.
11. “Iingxoxo zokuthintela iziyobisi zomelele kwaye zibuthathaka njengengxoxo yokuthintela ukutya kakhulu. Sonke siyazi ukuba ukutya kakhulu kunokubangela ukufa okungaphezulu kunamayeza.
12. «Zine iindlela zokusebenzisa imali: Unokuchitha eyakho imali, uzenzele ngokwakho. Kwaye xa uchitha eyakho imali ngokwakho, unonophele kakhulu ukuba uyichitha phi, kwaye uqinisekisa ukuba ufumana eyona yedola. Unokuchitha eyakho imali, nakwabanye. Umzekelo, ndithengela umntu isipho. Xa usenza oku, ulumke ungachithi imali eninzi, kodwa awukhathali kangako ngomxholo weso sipho. Ungayichitha imali yomnye umntu, ngokwakho. Ewe, kwaye ukuba uchitha imali yomnye umntu kuwe, ke uyaqiniseka ukuba unesidlo esihle. Okokugqibela, unokuchitha imali yomnye umntu, komnye umntu. Kwaye ukuba ndingachitha imali yabanye komnye umntu, andikhathali nokuba ingakanani imali endiyisebenzisayo okanye endiyithengayo. Yiloo nto urhulumente ayenzayo kwaye imele kufutshane ne-40% yengeniso yesizwe ”.

Ngubani uFriedman?

Ngoku ukuba siyazi amabinzana alishumi elinambini alungileyo kaMilton Friedman, masithethe kancinci malunga nokuba ngubani le ndoda. Wazalwa ngo-1912 eBrooklyn. Usapho lwakhe lwamaJuda lwalunezinto ezifanelekileyo, kodwa nangona kunjalo, uFriedman wakwazi ukugqwesa kwizifundo zakhe esemncinci kwaye waphumelela kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo eneminyaka eli-16 kuphela ubudala. Emva kwexesha, waya kwiiklasi kwimathematics nakwizoqoqosho kwiYunivesithi yaseRutgers. Wagqiba imfundo yakhe nge-degree degree in economics evela kwiYunivesithi yaseChicago. Emva kweminyaka engama-30 efundisa, wagqibela ngokuthatha umhlala phantsi ngo-1977.

UMilton Friedman ufumene uMvuzo weNobel ngegalelo lakhe kwezoqoqosho. Nokuba sele ethathe umhlala-phantsi, le ngcali yezoqoqosho iqhubekile yathetha kwaye yabhala esidlangalaleni de yadlula ngo-2006.

Ithini ingcamango kaMilton Friedman?

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba uMilton Friedman wayengumsunguli wethiyori ebizwa ngokuba yi-monetarist. Yithiyori ethi ithi imikhosi yentengiso yasimahla, njengomthetho ngokubanzi, isebenze ngakumbi kunalo naluphi na ungenelelo loluntu ekukhuthazeni ukukhula koqoqosho oluzinzileyo ngaphandle koxinzelelo lwexabiso lentengo.

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UJoseph Stiglitz Quotes

Ndiyathemba ukuba iikowuti ezintle zikaMilton Friedman zikukhuthazile kwaye zikuncede ukuba ufumane ulwazi olutsha. Ukwazi uqoqosho olukhulu, iingcinga zabo kunye neendlela zabo zihlala zilukhetho olufanelekileyo lokufunda nokukhula.