Los ii-microcredits zentlalo Yenye yeemveliso zenkxaso-mali onokuyifumana kwiibhanki. Kwaye ezo zibonakaliswa luthotho lwegalelo ezenza ukuba zingaphazanyiswa kubathengi. Okokuqala, ngenxa yabo bafumana okhethekileyo kwimigca yakho yetyala. Bangabantu, abangenakufikelela ngokubanzi kwimithombo yemali yezemali, kwaye banemali encinci.
Iiprofayili zabasebenzisi abafuna nayiphi na kwezi microcredits zihlala zingasebenzi ixesha elide, abafazi abahlukeneyo, iintsapho ezinomzali omnye, nkqu abantu abancinci abafuna ukuqala ishishini labo lokuqala. Ngayiphi na imeko, bathambekele kakhulu kubantu abakwimeko yokukhutshelwa ngaphandle kwezentlalo. Kwaye ngezi zibonelelo zemali banokuba nesicatshulwa sokuhlawula ukwenza iprojekthi yomsebenzi wokuhambisa ubomi babo.
Ii-microcredits zentlalo yayiyimveliso yezemali ethandwa kakhulu kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ngakumbi kwisiqingatha sokuqala seshumi leminyaka elidlulileyo. Apho indawo elungileyo yamashishini ezemali iikhredithi ezithengisiweyo zezi mpawu. Ingakumbi iibhanki zokonga esekwe kummandla wethu, kunye neemeko ezifanelekileyo zokungena kwisivumelwano ukulungiselela iimfuno zabafakizicelo. Kwakungekho ngxaki zigqithisileyo ukuzithengisa, kwaye ibango lalinamandla kakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeengxaki zoqoqosho ezaqala ngo-2008, ngakumbi ngenxa yokulungelelaniswa kwakhona kwenkqubo yeebhanki eSpain, ukunikezelwa kwayo kuye kwaxutywa ngokukodwa, de kwacaca ukuba bambalwa. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba sele zimbalwa kakhulu iibhanki ezinayo le nkonzo kwindalo yentlalo. Iphantse yanyamalala kwizindululo zabo. Ukuzikhawulela ngokwalo kuphela kumalinge athile zinikezelwa ngenqanaba lokukhuphisana elinenzala, kwaye oko kunokwenziwa ngokusesikweni ngaphandle kweekhomishini, okanye ezinye iindleko zolawulo okanye zolawulo.
Amaziko akhethekileyo kula makhredithi
Ngapha koko, usexesheni lokumisela ngokusemthethweni imisebenzi yale bhanki. Zenziwe kwiminyaka yakutshanje liziko elikhethekileyo kule klasi yemali mboleko encinci. Le Microbank, ulwahlulo oluncinci olukhuthazwe nguLa Caixa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezizodwa. Ukubonelela ngemigca eliqela yetyala kwiintsapho ngaphandle koncedo, ulutsha olungasebenziyo, kwanosomashishini. Unayo ne-microcredit ekhethekileyo ekhethekileyo, ejoliswe ekulondolozeni kwendalo.
Amanye amaziko, kwelinye icala, ayisombulule le mfuno yabantu ngokusebenzisa iikhredithi ezodidi ezithe kratya eziphucula urhwebo lwabo. Ngawona matyala athe ngqo, kwaye nangayiphi na imeko, ijolise ikakhulu kubantu abancinci abafuna ukwenza ishishini labo lokuqala, okanye ukuze uqeshwe, uzenzele. Ukuba le yimeko yakho, uya kuhlawula inzala encinci minyaka le, kwaye uya kuba nakho ukufikelela kolunye uthotho lwezibonelelo ezithandeka kakhulu kwimidla yakho.
Zikunika ntoni ii-microloans?
I-Unicaja, i-Kutxabank okanye i-Banco Sabadell ngamanye amaziko emali aphuhlise ezi mveliso zentlalo, nangaphakathi kwesibonelelo semali. Yintoni onokuyifumana kwezi zoyilo? ukuqala, izixa ezingenasisa sigqithisileyo, kunqabile ukuba ngaphezulu kwe-25.000 euro.
Kwaye apho iimeko zabo yeyona nto iphambili yokuyithengisa phakathi kwabasebenzisi. Akunanto, unesaphulelo samanqaku eepesenti aliqela ngokubhekisele kwizindululo eziqhelekileyo. Kwaye kuye kongezwa iimeko zokuhlawula eziguquguqukayo ngakumbi, kunye nexesha lobabalo elinokufikelela kwiinyanga ezili-12. Okokugqibela, ubukho be-guarantors okanye abantu abaxhasa lo msebenzi awufuneki rhoqo.
Ngokusekwe kwesi sicelo sisisiseko, iziko ngalinye liprinta ubuwena kwimveliso nganye ebandakanyekayo. Ngayiphi na imeko, zinikwe amandla ukuze ungahlawuli naluphi na uhlobo lweekhomishini, okanye ezinye iindleko. Ukusuka kolu luvo, baxhamla kakhulu iikhredithi kulwakhiwo lwabo. Ukugcina imali eyoneleyo ukususela kumzuzu obacela ngawo, kwaye ngale ndlela ungayabela ezinye iimfuno ezingxamisekileyo zobomi bakho.
Ukuba isicelo sakho samkelwe unokwabela izibonelelo kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo: yenza inkampani yakho, ube ngumsebenzi ozimeleyo, okanye ude uhlangabezane nezona mfuno zisisiseko zobomi. Kungenxa yesi sizathu sokuba umgqatswa wokufaka izicelo athintelwe. Kwaye apho bambalwa kuphela abaya kuba nakho ukufikelela kwezi zindululo zezemali. Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ukuba ungomnye wabo?
Zeziphi iimfuno abazifunayo kuwe?
Eyona ngxaki inkulu ekubhaliseni kuyo nayiphi na kwezi mveliso zentlalo kukuhlangabezana neemfuno eziyimfuneko ukuze isicelo samkelwe. Ngendlela eqhelekileyo, ngabantu abakwimeko yokukhutshelwa ngaphandle ekuhlaleni ekulula kubo ukutsala ezi zibonelelo zemali. Ukuba awusebenzi okwangoku, ungumfazi obethwayo, okanye kunzima nje kuwe ukuba uziphilise, uya kuba uvela kude ukuze ufumane.
Kodwa ayizukuba lula njengoko ucinga. Kuba ii-microcredits ezijolise kwiiprojekthi zokuzenzela ziya kunikwa phantsi kwemeko esisinyanzelo thaca uyilo lwenyathelo, kwaye ke oku kuyenzeka. Ukuba akunjalo, awuzukukhetha ngaphandle kokuzisola ngokwala isicwangciso. Kwaye kuya kufuneka ufumane ezinye iindlela ezinokwenzeka zokuxhasa ngemali ukufezekisa le njongo.
Kwelinye icandelo elilungileyo lezindululo zebhanki kuyakufuneka ubonise ukuba umvuzo wakho wonyaka awugqithi kumda omiselweyo wokufikelela kwezi ziqinisekiso zentlalo. Ngokwesiqhelo eli xabiso alinakugqitha kwi-20.000 euro malunga nonyaka. Kwaye ke okona kuchaziweyo kunye nokufunekayo kwimeko nganye: amabhinqa ahlukeneyo, iintsapho ezinomzali omnye, njl.
Ukuba ekugqibeleni ukwazile ukudlula kwezi zihluzo, uya kuba nemali kwi-akhawunti yakho yokutshekisha kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Kwaye ukuba bayahambelana nomxholo wezi ndlela zokuxhasa ngemali umntu ngamnye. Nangeyiphi ndlela, ngokumalunga nexesha elibekiweyo lokuhlawula ngenyameko. Akumangalisi ukuba, ukuba uyaphula, unokuba nezohlwayo ezinzima apho iiakhawunti zakho zinokufumana ubunzima.
Izinto eziluncedo abazenzayo
Ukuba ungomnye wabantu abaye baxhamla kunikezelo lwee-microcredits ezimbalwa zentlalo ezicwangciswe ziibhanki eziphambili, awuzukukhetha kodwa ukubhenela kwizibonelelo oza kukuziselwa zona. Zahlukahlukene ngokwendalo, kwaye ziya kugxila ikakhulu kwezi zinto zilandelayo.
- Iindleko zokugqibela zebango lakho iya kufikeleleka ngakumbi Kuthekani ukuba ukhetha ukufaka isicelo semali mboleko yemveli, kwaye enye yezo iibhanki zihlala zithengisa rhoqo.
- Baza kukubonelela nge Ixesha eliguquguqukayo ukwenzela ukuba uyibuyise, kwaye mhlawumbi ilungelelaniswe neemfuno zakho zezemali, kodwa ikwenze nakwezakho, kuxhomekeke kwimeko ozifumana ukuyo ngexesha lokwenza ngokusemthethweni imali mboleko.
- Uya kuqala ube nefayile ye- ixesha lobabalo, phakathi kweenyanga ezili-6 ne-18, ukuze ube noncedo olukhulu kwezoqoqosho ekuqaleni, kwaye oko kuxabiseke ngokukodwa kolu didi lwabamkeli, ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yeengxaki zabo zemali.
- Uya kuhlawula inzala kuphela eya kuthi ivelise ikhredithi, ngaphandle kwezinye iindleko ezongezelelekileyo ezinokonyusa inani lomsebenzi webhanki, oya kuthi uququzelele ukwenziwa ngokusesikweni kubo bonke abasebenzisi beebhanki.
- Awuyi kufuna naliphi na ilungu losapho okanye umhlobo ukuxhasa lo msebenzi, kodwa nguwe oya kuyixhasa. Amaxesha amaninzi ngesimo sakho njengommangali, kwaye ngaphandle kwengeniso encinci onikela ngayo.
- Kuzo zonke iimeko, kwinqanaba lenzala eliluncedo ngakumbi kwiimfuno zakho zobuqu. Ke ngoku zingahluka ukusuka kwi-4% ukuya kwi-7% njengomda ophezulu ukuvala intengiselwano nebhanki yakho.
Ezinye iindlela zokukuxhasa ngemali
Ngaphandle kwayo yonke into, ukuba le ndlela yokuxhasa ngezimali ayiphumeleli ngaso nasiphi na isizathu, njengecebo lokugqibela uyakuhlala uhlola eminye imithombo yemali. Ayizukuba yinkqubo elula, kude nayo, kodwa ubuncinci uya kuba kwimeko yokuzama. Hayi ilize, ayizukubiza nto, kwaye ekugqibeleni iinzame zakho zingafezekisa umvuzo owufunayo kwasekuqaleni kwaye zikunikeze ukuthengiswa kwemali kwiimeko ezibi kakhulu.
Kuyinyani ukuba izinto ezinokwenzeka ziya kuncitshiswa, kwaye zisenokungonelisi kwaphela. Kodwa awuyi kuba nesinye isisombululo sokuhlangabezana nezi njongo zifunwayo. Nokuba uvela kwizindululo zantlandlolo, ezinokukothusa kwindlela yabo. Nawuphi na umgudu ufanele ukuxhasa ngemali iiprojekthi zakho okanye iimfuno zakho.
Isiqalo sokuqala kukufumana ityala phakathi kwabantu, onokugcina ngayo imali eninzi ukuba ekugqibeleni uvale umsebenzi ngenqanaba lenzala elikufutshane ne-6%. Yimishini engenakwenzeka, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo unokufumana amaqonga ezemali, apho abanye abantu bekwimeko yokukuboleka imali njengefomula yokwenza ulondolozo lwabo lube nenzuzo.
Ngenxa yesi sicwangciso-buchule, nobabini ninokuxhamla kwinkqubo yokufumana i-microcredit. Ngaphandle kokufuna ukuzinikela kunye nokunyamezela kwakho. Kuphela kwemfuneko yokuba uza kubekwa ityala kolu khetho.
Ukuba nawe wosilele kumzamo, kuba kuphela kuyakubakho isixhobo sokubuza abantu obathandayo. Banokuba nemali eyaneleyo yokusombulula ingxaki kwiiyure ezimbalwa, kwaye ngaphandle kokuba usayine ikhontrakthi. Ayilolize, oko kuya kuxhomekeka kulwalamano lwala maqela mabini.
Kwaye apho ubhetyebhetye beemeko ziya kuba zezona zibalulekileyo kubudlelwane bezorhwebo. Ngokuqinisekileyo kukho abanye abantu abasondeleyo kwindawo osenyongweni kuyo abazimisele ukuboleka wena isixa semfuno yakho. Ukuba awuzami, awusoze wazi, kwaye ngaphezulu kwako konke ukuba loluphi ulwalamano onokuthi uluthembe ukuphucula ezi ntlobo zemisebenzi, ezixhaphakileyo kwiintsapho zaseSpain.