Khawube nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wezoqoqosho. Ukuyivuselela, uRhulumente uqala ukufaka uthotho lwemilinganiselo engaqhelekanga eyenza ukuba iphakame. Kodwa hayi ngonaphakade, kodwa xa ixesha lifika, abo amanyathelo aqala ukuncipha ukunyamalala. Oku kunegama elicothayo. Kodwa wazi ntoni ngeli gama?
Ukuba awuzange uve ngokucotha ngaphambili, ungakhathazeki, ligama lamva nje elisebenzise igama lokungena, "taper" ngentsingiselo yokuncipha. Apha siza kukuxelela yonke into ofuna ukuyazi malunga noku.
yintoni ukuhlamba
Njengoko sele sichazile ngaphambili, i-tapering ingachazwa njenge ukuhla kancinci kumanyathelo angaqhelekanga abekwe ziibhanki ezingoovimba. La manyathelo adla ngokuza ngenxa yobunzima bezoqoqosho, kuba, ukuvuselela nokuvuselela uqoqosho lwelizwe, uthotho lwemali evuselelayo luyatofwa ukuze lukhule, kodwa ezi zezokwexeshana.
lisuka phi eli gama
Ixesha lokuqala lelo Eli gama lisetyenziswe kwinqanaba lezoqoqosho ngo-2008. Ngokukodwa e-United States nangenxa yengxaki eyayisenzeka kwelo lizwe. Ngelo xesha, into eyenziwa yi-US yayikuthatha amanyathelo angaqhelekanga kwaye xa ezi zinto zaqala ukurhoxiswa, zazibizwa ngokuba "yi-tapering".
Nangona kunjalo, into abangayaziyo abaninzi kukuba eli gama belingelokuqala, ewe kwezoqoqosho, kodwa lingekho ehlabathini. I Ukucofa ibisoloko iligama elibhekisa kwezemidlalo, ngokukodwa uqeqesho lwezemidlalo. Ngokukodwa, kubhekiselwa ekunciphiseni uqeqesho. Umzekelo, ziqeqeshe kahlanu ngeveki kwaye uqalise ukwenza ezine kuphela. Iyintoni injongo? Ukuba izihlunu zilungiselelwe ukwenza umthambo kodwa kwangaxeshanye ziphumle.
Into efana naleyo yinto abayilindeleyo kuqoqosho ngokucofa. Amanyathelo atofwayo, anokuthi abe namandla kakhulu ukuvuselela uqoqosho kunye nokusetyenziswa, kodwa le nto ayinakugcinwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, yiyo loo nto iyancipha njengoko uqoqosho luzigcina.
Ingaba i-tapering ingahlala ixesha elingakanani?
Akukho xesha lichanekileyo lokucoca. Abanye zinokuhlala iinyanga nje ezimbalwa ngelixa ezinye zinokuhlala iminyaka. Ngokwenene, kuphela xa umgaqo-mali wezemali uqala ukubonisa iimpawu zokuphucula kunye nokusebenza, iindlela ezingavamile ziqala ukuhoxiswa ukuze zibone ukuba ilizwe liphuma ngokwalo.
Oko kwathiwa, kufuneka ukuhoxisa ngokukhawuleza, kuba ukuba ihoxiswe ngokukhawuleza inokuchaphazela kakubi iimarike zemali kunye noqoqosho ngokwalo. Phakathi kwemiphumo enokuthi ibangele iya kuba: ukuhla kwe-liquidity yezoqoqosho, ukunciphisa iikhredithi ezivela kwiibhanki kunye nabatyali-mali, ukuhla kwamaxabiso (kwi-real estate, iimarike zemasheya ...), njl. kwaye oko kuya kubandakanya, hayi kuphela ukungaphumi kule ngxaki, kodwa ukudala entsha.
Yintoni enokwenzeka ukuba i-tapering ifakiwe
Masingene kwindawo. Khawufane ucinge ukuba intlekele yenzekile kwaye kuye kwamiselwa amanyathelo angaqhelekanga ukunqanda ukuwa koqoqosho kunye nayo yonke into enokuba nefuthe elibi kumgaqo-nkqubo wezemali. Kodwa, emva komzuzwana, i-tapering isetyenziswa.
Ngamanye amazwi, inqanaba lokwehla liqala apho la manyathelo angaqhelekanga aqala ukurhoxiswa. Ngesiqhelo, imilinganiselo idla ngokuba ziinaliti zokungabi namali. Oku kubangela iinkampani, abantu, njl. unokufumana inkxaso-mali lula kakhulu kunye nenzala efikelelekayo.
Ngoku, xa i-tapering isetyenzisiwe, oku kuphelelwa amandla, oko kukuthi, ukuba imali elula iyayeka ukuba lula, kwaye izinga lenzala liqala ukunyuka. Kule nto yongezwa ukuba kukho inqanaba elisezantsi lokungabi namali.
Enye ye iimpawu ezibonisa ukuba i-tapering isondela kuqoqosho kukuba i-Fed iqala ukuthenga amatyala oluntu kwaye yenza oko ngesantya esiphezulu kunesiqhelo. Ngoba? Kulungile, ukuqhubeka nokugcina amazinga aphantsi kunye nokunyusa amatyala kwii-arhente zezoqoqosho.
Kwaye kuqoqosho lwentsapho?
Kwimeko yoqoqosho lwasekhaya, isibakala sokusebenzisa i-tapering sinokuthi ingxaki enkulu yokufikelela kwimali-mboleko ye-mortgage, okanye ukuba inzala ekufuneka ihlawulwe ebhankini iphezulu.
Kodwa nayo loo nto imali yokubambisa iphezulu, kuquka inzala; okanye ukuba iimali-mboleko zomntu, ezinokuthi ngexesha lamanyathelo angaqhelekanga zibe lula, zibe nzima ngakumbi ukufumana.
Ngamafutshane, sithetha ngokucupha okubandakanya ukuyeka ukuba nezivuseleli ezilungileyo kuqoqosho kwaye siluqhubele phambili kwakhona ngeenzame zelizwe kuphela, kodwa kube nefuthe elibi kubantu abazisebenzelayo, iintsapho kunye neenkampani ezinokuthi zingabi namandla ngokwaneleyo jongana nayo.
Yintoni omawuyenze ukuthintela ukucofa okungalunganga
I-tapering yinto esaziyo ukuba iza kufika ngokukhawuleza okanye kamva. Ngoko ke, ukuyilungiselela akunzima njengoko kusenokubonakala ekuqaleni. Enyanisweni, kukho iingcebiso ezininzi ezinokukunceda ukuba uphephe. Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ukuba ziyintoni na?
- Zama ukulawula iikhredithi zakho, iimali-mboleko, iimali mboleko, njl. kunye nebhanki kwinzala emiselweyo. Ngale ndlela, ukuba iimeko ziyatshintsha kwaye sele uxoxisane ngokuthe ngqo nebhanki yakho, akufanele zikuchaphazele. Ewe kunjalo, lawula ushicilelo oluncinci kakuhle ukuze ungafumani izoyikiso zomzuzu wokugqibela.
- Yiba nomatrasi yokonga. Oku kubalulekile kuba, nangona unokulawula oku kungasentla kwaye ube ne-asethi ekuthandeni kwakho, kuya kubakho ezinye izinto ongeke ukwazi ukuzilawula kwaye ngolo gcino, ukuziqhelanisa kuya kuba lula kwaye kube ngcono.
- Ukuba uthengisa iinkonzo okanye iimveliso, qalisa ukunyusa amaxabiso kwiimpawu zokuqala. Ukuba uphakamisa kancinci kakhulu, abathengi abayi kushiya, kodwa kunoko baya kuqonda ukuba ukunyuka, kodwa emva kwemifanekiso, into ozama ukuyenza kukuzilungiselela kuba ukunyusa amaxabiso ngokuthe ngcembe akufani nokwenza ngokukhawuleza, kuba abathengi abaninzi banokukushiya ngenxa yabanye. Ngale ndlela, uyabanceda ukuba baziqhelanise notshintsho kwaye kwinkqubo unokufumana abathengi abaninzi ukuba ngequbuliso ukhuphiswano lwakho luphakamisa amaxabiso amaninzi.
Ngaba icacile kuwe ukuba yintoni na ukucofa?