Iindaba malunga ukubanjwa kwezimali u-Mario Conde, otyholwa ngokubuyisa imali ayithathe eBanesto esuka eSwitzerland, wothuse inxenye entle yezimvo zoluntu lwaseSpain. Kwaye kungenza njani ukuba kungenjalo, ibenze ukuba babuyele kwiindlela ezimbi zenkqubo yebhanki yesizwe, okanye ngakumbi ngakumbi kubaphathi bayo, ezinokukhokelela kubhengezo lwebhanki. Khawukhumbule nje ukuba kwenzekani IBhanki yeMadridUmbutho oncedisayo weBhanki yabucala yaseAndorra, eyabanjwa kunyaka ophelileyo ngabasemagunyeni bebhanki, emva kwesikhalazo sikaNondyebo waseUnited States nxamnye neli ziko ngezityholo zokuba zinemali eyilahlekileyo kulwaphulo-mthetho olulungelelanisiweyo.
Kunye nemibono emikhulu ngexesha, Ityala le Bankia, kunye nokungapheliyo kwengxaki ababenayo abo babesindisa imali kunye nabanini zabelo, ngaphambi kokuba batshintshwe kwilizwe emva kwemali enzima kunye nezezimali zeqela elalikhokelwa nguRodrigo Rato. Ukujongana nezi meko zothusayo zabanye abasebenzisi, kwaye emva kokubanjwa kukaMario Conde, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba uninzi lwabo luzibuze ngeli xesha ukuba ukonga kwakho kukhuselekile ebhankini. Okona kubi, kuya kwenzeka ntoni kubo ukuba iziko labo lezemali lonke liphela.
Akusiyo i-alamu ngokubanzi, kude nayo, kodwa ukuba umnqweno wabasindisi baseSpain kukuba lilondoloze ilifa lakho, nokuba incinci kangakanani, ukuba ibhanki yam iyasilela. Kwaye oko kunokuchaphazela ubudlelwane bakho kunye neemveliso zebhanki ezibhalisiweyo (iidipozithi zexesha, amanqaku ezithembiso, amatyala oluntu, njl.), Kunye notyalo-mali olwenziwe liqumrhu. Kwaye ukuya kuthi ga ngoku ukubandakanya abanini zabelo bamaqela ezemali abanokuze badlule kule meko ingathandekiyo: ukungabinamali kwenkampani. Ngayiphi na imeko, kuyakufuneka ukuba uhambe ngenqaku ngenqaku uchaze zonke iimeko ezinokubakho koku kunokwenzeka.
Imeko yokuqala: ukubhengezwa
Nanini na xa sithetha ngokungabinamali kwebhanki, sicinga ngamawaka namawaka abagcini bokugcina abancinci abagcinileyo imali yabo kwimveliso ethandwa ngokubanzi, njengakule meko yimali ebekiweyo. Ewe, kwimeko yokungabinamali, abathengi ababhalise kwezi modeli zokonga siza Kubane iqinisekisiwe yiNgxowa-mali yokuQinisekiswa kweDiphozithi yamaZiko eMboleko ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100.000 ze-euro ngumnini kunye neakhawunti.
Nangona kunjalo, abayi kuzifumana kwangoko, kodwa baya kuba ngenxa yeenkqubo zobulungisa, kodwa kuzo zonke iimeko baya kuya kwiakhawunti yakho yokujonga. Abo banekhontrakthi yedipozithi phantsi kweemali ezingaphezulu kwesi sixa kuya kuba nzima ngakumbi, kuba naphantsi kwayo nayiphi na imeko bebengayihlawulisi. Ngaphandle kokuba ibhanki ebhengeziweyo idlulisele kwiziko elitsha, kwaye eli lithathe amalungelo abathengi. Kwaye kukho ukhetho lwesithathu, ukuba iqumrhu elichaphazelekayo lipheliswe, kwaye kwimeko leyo banokuba kwimeko ezimbi kakhulu, kuba baya kuba kuluhlu lokulinda emva kwabanikezeli, abaninizabelo kunye nabatyali mali ngokubanzi.
Ngayiphi na imeko, kukho isicwangciso esisemthethweni nesilula kakhulu sokufaka isicelo esiza kukuvumela ukuba uthintele ezi meko zenzeke kuwe ukuba une-euro engaphezulu kwe-100.000 onokuyigcina kwiidipozithi zebhanki. Kwaye ingayinto yokubhalisela iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zezi mpawu, ukuya kuthi ga kwisixa esiqinisekiswe yingxowa-mali yedipozithi. Ukuba kunokwenzeka kwiibhanki ezahlukeneyo, kunye neeakhawunti ezingafaniyo. Ngenxa yolu nyathelo olusebenzayo, uya kuba nakho ukukhusela lonke ulondolozo ngokuchasene nokuchithwa kwamaziko emali.
Elinye ityala elahluke kakhulu lelabaxumi abathi, endaweni yedipozithi, batyikitye amanqaku ezithembiso ebhanki. Nangona ziyimveliso eneempawu ezifanayo, kule yokugqibela ayihlawulwa yiNgxowa-mali yesiQinisekiso seDiphozithi, akukho meko. Ke ukuba le meko ingafunekiyo iyenzeka, ungaphulukana nayo yonke imali oyigcinileyo, ngaphandle kokufumana kwakhona. Ayothusi loo nto, kwaye ngokwale mbono, amanqaku ezithembiso ziimodeli zokonga ezinomngcipheko omkhulu, kwaye kufanelekile ukuba wazi ngaphambi kokusayina ikhontrakthi.
Kwakhona, Umahluko kwinzuzo phakathi kweemodeli ezimbini zokonga awukho kwaphela, kuba bahamba phantsi kwemida efanayo yorhwebo ebekwe ziibhanki. Kwaye ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi lemali yibhanki ekhupha iYurophu, ziyasekwa kuluhlu olunqamlezileyo olusuka kwi-0,15% ukuya kwi-0,50%.
Imeko yesibini: kuthekani ngabatyali mali?
Omnye umba owahluke kakhulu ngulo uchaphazela abatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi, abathathe izikhundla kwizabelo zebhanki, ethe emva koko yavala ushishino lwayo. Zombini kwiiasethi eziyimali kwiimarike zesitokhwe ngokwazo, nangemali yotyalo mali. Ewe, kufuneka bahlale bezolile kuloo mizuzu intekenteke, kuba awuyi kuphulukana notyalo-mali lwakho. Akunanto, iziko lingumphathi wobutyebi bakho, sukulibala. Kwaye eyona nto imbi inokwenzeka kuwe kukuba iakhawunti yakho yezokhuseleko ayisebenzi ixesha elithile, phakathi kweenyanga ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-6. Ngale ndlela, ngekhe ukwazi ukwenza naluphi na uhlobo lomsebenzi.
Nje ukuba ukunqunyanyiswa kuphakanyiswe, uyakuba kwimeko yokuthengisa izabelo zakho kwiimarike ze-equity, okanye ulungise ngokulula izikhundla zakho kwiingxowa-mali ezifanayo. Eyona ngxaki inkulu onokuthi uhlangane nayo kukuba iiasethi zemali onazo kwipotfoliyo yakho yotyalo-mali azixabiswanga kumaxabiso azo ngokubhekisele kwimisebenzi yakho yokuthenga. Kwaye ngenxa yalo msebenzi, ungashiya ii-euro ezininzi endleleni. Unokulinda kude kube kwiinyanga ezizayo, okanye kwiminyaka, banokubuyisa inqanaba labo lentelekelelo kwiimarike zezabelo.
Isimo sesithathu: banjani abathengi?
Kukho enye ingxaki, engachaphazeli abatyali mali okanye abagcini mali, kodwa abasebenzisi bebhanki abaneemveliso ezisisiseko kuphela ezibhaliswe kwiziko (iiakhawunti, iincwadi zokupasa, izicwangciso zokonga, njl. Imeko yabo, ngaphandle kokunqabile, iya kufana ngokupheleleyo kwimeko yabathengi ababhalise nayiphi na irhafu yekota. Kwaye ngesizathu esifanayo nakule meko, kungaphezulu kokucetyiswa ukuba kwiimali ezingaphezulu kwe-100.000 euros, bakhetha vula iakhawunti eyahlukileyo, okanye ubuncinci isegameni labanye abamkeli. Bangangabakho abazali, abantakwenu, okanye amanye amalungu osapho.
Yiyo loo nto ukubaluleka kokubeka imali kwiziko lezemali elikhuselekileyo nelizinzileyo, kwaye ayophuli nayiphi na imigaqo kulawulo lwenkqubo yebhanki yaseSpain. Nangona kunjalo, ngeli xesha unokuqiniseka ngale meko, kuba zonke iibhanki zikazwelonke Baziphumelele iimvavanyo zesolvency kwinkqubo yabo yezemali ngamanqaku amahle, ezenziwe kutshanje zisuka kumaqumrhu aphezulu olawulo eManyano Yezemali.
Imeko yesine: uthini malunga neekhredithi zam?
Kukho enye into enokwenzeka kuwe, kwaye inento yokwenza neemeko apho unendlela yokuthenga ngetyala (eyomntu, umthengi, imali mboleko, njl. . Ekuqaleni, ngekhe uphulukane nomthombo wakho wemali kuba iya ngqo kwelinye iqumrhu, okanye uya kuba noxanduva lokuyihlawula ngqo kurhulumente uqobo.
Elinye ityala lahluke kakhulu kuxa ukubhengezwa kwe-bankruptcy kubuchwephesha, kwaye akukho thuba lokuyihlangula. Emva koko ityala elityikitywe yimali mboleko yakho liya kwabiwa phakathi kwababolekisi beziko.
Iingcebiso ezivela kwimibutho yabathengi
Imibutho eyahlukeneyo yokukhusela abathengi yenze uthotho lweengcebiso ukuzama ukuthintela la matyala ukuba angenzeki kwinkqubo yebhanki yaseSpain. Ngokukodwa, kuMbutho waBasebenzisi beBhanki, iiBhanki zoLondolozo kunye neInshurensi yaseSpain (ADICAE) iSpanish ifuna ulawulo lukazwelonke ukuba lusebenzise ibhetri enkulu ye amanyathelo ajolise ekuthinteleni ezi meko iyingozi kakhulu kwimidla yabathengi. Kwaye oku kulandelayo kuyabonakala:
- Ukujonga, ukulawula kunye nokwenza ingxelo ukwanda kweekhomishini kunye nenkcitho amaziko emboleko asebenza kwiimveliso nakwiinkonzo zawo zemali.
- Ukuphononongwa kokuvela kwexabiso lenzala kwiikhredithi, iimali mboleko kunye nezinye iintlawulo ezihlawulelwayo okanye ezihlawulwa kade ukunqanda ukuzonyusa ngokusasazeka okuphezulu. Ngokunjalo, kuya kuqwalaselwa ngokukodwa iimeko zekhontrakthi kwimali mboleko yezindluNgokukodwa malunga nemfuno zonxibelelwano ezinje nge-inshurensi yesivumelwano, izicwangciso zepenshini, ukusetyenziswa kunye nokuchithwa kwamakhadi, njl.
- Ukulungisa ingxaki kuxanduva lwabaphathi yamashishini emali akhetheyo okanye akhethe ukuhlangula.
- Ukubeka iliso ngokukodwa, kwaye unike ingxelo apho kufanelekileyo, iintlobo zeemveliso zokonga-mali kunye neemeko zazo zemali kunye nezivumelwano ezibekwa kubathengi ngawo onke amaziko emboleko acela uncedo kwi-FROB, kunye neendlela zokuthengisa kunye nentengiso.
- Ukukhuselwa kwamalungelo wabanini zabelo abancinci kwezo bhanki zolondolozo ziye zajika zaba ziibhanki ezikhutshe izabelo zokuzihlaziya kwakhona kwaye ekufuneka ziye kwi-FROB ukuyokucoca iiakhawunti zazo.
Ukuzikhusela kwabasebenzisi bebhanki
Ngayiphi na imeko, abathengi banendlela ezithile zokuthintela iimeko ezigwenxa ezibhankini, kwaye oko kuya kuqala ekungeniseni kwamanye amanyathelo enokubanceda ukukhusela utyalo-mali kunye nolondolozo lwabo.
- Sukubhalisa iimveliso zokonga izixa ezingaphezu kwe-100.000 euro.
- Hlala kude kwiimodeli ezingaqinisekiswanga kunye neNgxowa-mali yesiQinisekiso seDiphozithi.
- Khetha amaziko ezemali izinyibilikisi ezingaphezulu nokuba bayayithobela imimiselo yokusombulula inkqubo yenkqubo yebhanki.
- Yakha Ukujonga iiakhawunti ezahlukeneyo xa ibhegi yokonga onayo ibanzi kakhulu.
- Eyona ndlela ingcono thintela umonakalo wakho iya kuba kukwazisa malunga nabo.