Ngaba wakha weva ngoqoqosho ukuze kulungelwe abantu bonke? Yenye yeentshukumo ezingachaphazeliyo kuphela icandelo lezoqoqosho, kodwa nezopolitiko nezentlalo.
Kodwa, Yintoni? Ziziphi iimpembelelo zayo? Ngaba iyakha okanye iyalandula? Siza kukuxelela yonke into ofuna ukuyazi malunga nalo mzekelo wezoqoqosho.
Yintoni uqoqosho lwento eqhelekileyo
Uqoqosho lwenzuzo eqhelekileyo lungachazwa njenge imodeli yezoqoqosho, yezopolitiko kunye nentlalontle enophawu oluphambili lokubeka phambili isidima somntu, idemokhrasi, ubumbano kunye nokuzinza kokusingqongileyo.
Ngamanye amazwi, yenye apho iintsika zayo eziphambili, kunye nemilinganiselo ezama ukuyigcina, isidima, amalungelo oluntu kunye nokukhathalela okusingqongileyo.
Ngale ndlela, inzala yezoqoqosho (ukufumana imali) kuthatha umva ngelixa kugxilwe kwintlalontle yoluntu. Leyo yimpumelelo yelizwe, okanye yenkampani.
Ukuba sibeka phambi kwemodeli yezoqoqosho yangoku, apho kukho imali eyongamelayo kwaye isiphelo silandelwa, apha sinomzekelo apho ingumntu ophetheyo. Umntu ubaluleke ngaphezu kwemali.
Lwavela njani uqoqosho lwezinto ezilungileyo
Imvelaphi yalo mzekelo wezoqoqosho Yenzeka kwi-2010 kwaye ichazwe kwi-economist yase-Austrian uChristian Felber. Kwingcinga yakhe ugxininise kakhulu kwintlonipho yesidima somntu, umanyano, intsebenziswano kunye nokukhathalela okusingqongileyo.
Kodwa le ngcali yezoqoqosho ayinguye yedwa othethe ngoqoqosho ukuze kulungelwe uluntu. U-Elinor Ostrom uhlomle ukuba le modeli inokucingwa njengolawulo kunye nokucwangciswa kwezinto eziqhelekileyo ukuze kungabikho ukungalingani. Esahlula izinto zendalo kwezo zentlalo, wenza indlela yokuba umntu ngamnye abe nezinto eziyimfuneko ukuze aphile kunye nokuba uluntu luphile.
Zeziphi iingxaki ebiya kuzicombulula kwimodeli yezoqoqosho yangoku?
Njengoko besinixelele ngaphambili, imodeli yoqoqosho yenzuzo eqhelekileyo Ichasene kakhulu nemodeli yangoku, kwaye inokusombulula ezinye iingxaki enayo. Umzekelo:
- Fundisa ngesiseko sokulungileyo kuluntu apho ukhuphiswano, ukuzingca kunye nokugqama omnye komnye ngoku kulawulayo.
- Ukuphucula iinkampani, ngengqiqo yokuba bayayixabisa ngakumbi impilo-ntle yabasebenzi, kunye nomgudu abawenzayo kwimali abayifumanayo ngeendleko zabo (ngamanye amaxesha ngokugqithiseleyo).
- Phelisa ukungalingani. Kule meko, ukungalingani kufuneka kuthintelwe kwaye ingeniso ephezulu ayiyi kuba nkulu kune-multiple yomvuzo omncinci. Ukongeza, amafa aya kurhafiswa.
- Ukuphelisa amandla emarike yezemali ukwenza idemokhrasi ngakumbi, kunye nee-akhawunti zokujonga simahla, inzala ekhuthazayo, njl.
- Iza kulungisa ukungazinzi kwezemali okubangelwa yintelekelelo kunye nokuhamba kwemali eyinkunzi ngokudala intsebenziswano yezemali kunye norhwebo.
- Ndingakhathalela okusingqongileyo ngokubheja kurhwebo olusesikweni kunye nokunciphisa unyawo lwendalo.
- Ingxaki abantu abaziva bengachongwa okanye bemelwe ngabo balawulayo iya kushenxiswa. Njani? Ukudala idemokhrasi ngokuthe ngqo kodwa kunye nommeli, apho abemi banokulawula iinkalo eziphambili ezifana nezopolitiko okanye uqoqosho.
Kutheni uqoqosho lwento eqhelekileyo ingekho "ntle" njengoko bepeyinta
Nangona kunjalo lo mzekelo wezoqoqosho unomtsalane ngakumbi, ungokoqobo kwaye mhlawumbi ungowakho, Inyaniso kukuba emva kwazo zonke ezo nzuzo inikezelayo, kukwakho icala elimnyama.
Kule meko, kuya kuba yinkcazo "elungileyo". Akukho mntu unengqiqo efanayo ngayo kwaye kunzima ukufikelela kwisivumelwano.
Nangona le modeli ibonisa ukuba Inkcazo yokulunga okufanayo kuya kugqitywa ngokwedemokhrasi, yaye ngokutsho kwabaninzi, siya kunyanzelela abanye oko kucingwa sisininzi. Oko kukuthi, asithembeli kwimbono yakho, kodwa kuphela kwinani lamalungu.
Ukongezelela, amalungelo epropati yangasese kufuneka apheliswe, kuba yonke into iya kuba yinto eqhelekileyo kubo bonke. Oku kuthetha ukuba nabani na unokusebenzisa oko akufunayo, kwaye kunokubakho ukuxhaphazwa ngokugqithisileyo.
Kunye nale nto, akukho mathandabuzo ukuba imodeli ayinakusebenza ekukhuleni koqoqosho, kodwa ngokubhekiselele kwi-stagnation okanye nokuncipha ekubeni ukuba yonke into yeyomntu wonke, akukho nto iya kukhula, kodwa, njengoko iphelile, iya kuyeka ukusetyenziswa.
Ngamazwi ka usoqoqosho uJuan Ramón Rallo: “I-Economy for the Common Good lulingelo lobunjineli bezentlalo olugxeka ukusilela kuyilo lwalo. Iimpazamo zayo ezintathu ezinkulu, njengoko siye saphuhliswa ngokubanzi, sizama ukuphikisa ingcamango yokulunga okuqhelekileyo, sicinga ukuba kunokwenzeka ukulungelelanisa umsebenzi weebhiliyoni zabantu ngokutyeshela inkqubo yexabiso, kwaye ngoyaba ukonakala okukhohlakeleyo. Ukupheliswa koqoqosho kuya kubandakanya. evela kwintshutshiso yepropathi (kwiinkalo zayo ezimbini: ukuqokelelwa kobutyebi kunye nolawulo lolawulo loshishino)».
Inyani yeyokuba asazi ukuba ingasebenza okanye hayi. Okanye ukuba indlela kunye nemithetho-siseko yezoqoqosho ukwenzela ukuba kulungelwe abantu bonke kufuneka kuphuculwe. Kodwa into ecacileyo kukuba, ukuba kwenziwa ngolu hlobo, kuya kuba nokwenzeka ukudala ilizwe le-utopian, kuphela ukuba isisombululo siya kusilela ukuphucula ukukhula kwalo.