Kwinkqubo yezoqoqosho ekhoyo namhlanje, kukho inani elikhulu lezixhobo kunye nezixhobo zokwenza zonke iintlobo zamashishini notyalo-mali kwihlabathi liphela. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhulisa kwishishini elincinci, ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwenkampani esele idityanisiwe, Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba sifunde ukuphatha ezinye zezixhobo ngokugqibeleleyo, ukuze zisivumele ukuba siqinisekise ukusebenza ngokukuko kwenkampani yethu kunye neshishini.
Kubantu abaziyo malunga nesihloko, akukho mntu uya kusilela ukucebisa ukuba sinike ingqwalaselo eyodwa ulawulo lomlinganiselo wetyala, Ulwazi olubalulekileyo ekuqhubeni naliphi na inyathelo lokuqala kwishishini.
Uthini umlinganiselo wetyala?
Umyinge wamatyala yenye yezona ndawo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwezemali namhlanje. Isizathu kukuba sesinye sezixhobo ezivumela ukufumana ulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu ukulinganisa kunye nokulinganisa impilo yenkampani. Ngokusisiseko, i umlinganiselo wetyala isivumela ukuba silinganise ubungakanani bemali, oko kukuthi, elona xabiso liphezulu letyala elinokulawulwa yinkampani ethile. Ngandlela thile, umlinganiso wemali ubonakalisa inkxaso-mali yangaphandle enayo inkampani.
Ukuze ube ne Olona luvo lubalaseleyo lokuba umlinganiso wetyala uthetha ntoni, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ngelixa kulinganiswa ukuhlawulwa kwamatyala, ukuwabeka ngendlela ethile, ukuxhomekeka kwenkampani kubantu besithathu, umlinganiso wetyala usetyenziselwa ukucacisa ukuba inkampani ixhomekeke kweziphi iqondo okanye kwinqanaba lezemali izinto ezinje ngamaziko ebhanki, amaqela ezabelo okanye ezinye iinkampani.
Enye indlela yokuqonda lo mbono wezemali kule nkcazo ilandelayo.
Kuqala kuya kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo ukuba zithini ezinye iikhonsepthi eziyimfuneko, ezinje: iiasethi, amatyala, okanye ulingano.
Iiasethi zenza ixabiso lilonke layo yonke into eyinkampani okanye ubambiswano kwishishini; Ngamanye amagama, lelona xabiso liphezulu elinokuthi libe nalo kwinkampani ngokusebenzisa iiasethi ezininzi kunye namalungelo anayo, enokuthi yona iguqulwe ibe yimali okanye ezinye iindlela ezilinganayo ezibonelela ngenkampani. Amatyala kwelinye icala amele bonke oovimba bangaphandle abanokufunyanwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, okt imali yabo.
Ngale ndlela, kunokuthiwa ngelixa amatyala aquka ii-asethi zemali kunye namalungelo, amatyala enziwe ngezibophelelo zamatyala, oko kukuthi, amatyala kunye neentlawulo ekufuneka zenziwe, nokuba yeyimalimboleko efunyenwe kumaziko ebhanki okanye iintengo ezenziwe ngetyala. nabaxhasi abohlukeneyo.
Ngamafutshane, uxanduva lubonisa yonke into eyityalwa yinkampani kubantu besithathu, njengeebhanki, iirhafu, imivuzo, abathengisi, njl. Ekugqibeleni sinayo Ixabiso lenkampani, ukuba, njengoko igama layo lisenokucebisa, zizinto zonke ezinenkampani, zibeka ecaleni iindleko zamatyala, oko kukuthi, Ngaba ii-asethi zisusa ixabiso lawo onke amatyala ekufuneka ehlawulwe, ekuthi ixabiso lenkampani lifunyanwe ngokususa amatyala kwiiasethi. Umzekelo, ukuba inkampani ine-asethi exabisa i-euro ezigidi ezili-10, kodwa amatyala ayo aqokelelwa malunga nezigidi ezibini ze-euro, emva koko inokuthotyelwa ukuba ixabiso layo lilonke li-8 yezigidi ze-euro.
Nje ukuba sazi ezinye zeenkcazo eziyimfuneko macala onke umyinge wamatyala, Emva kwexesha, sinokuthi siqwalasele ukuba kwiimeko ezininzi, iinkampani ezininzi zisingatha imithombo yangaphandle yezemali, oko kukuthi, zisebenzisa iimali mboleko kunye namakhredithi xa bekwixesha lokukhula okubonakalayo okanye xa besingatha ukwahluka okukhulu kwamashishini, umzekelo: ukuxhasa ngemali utyalo-mali okanye ukuhlawula iintlawulo ezithile zeendleko ezikhoyo; Isizathu sokuba kufuneka bexhomekeke kumatyala ngamaziko ahlukeneyo ezemali, abathengisi kunye nezinye iinkampani.
Ngale ndlela, Umlinganiso wetyala unokuqondwa njengomahluko phakathi kwenkxaso-mali yangaphandle kunye nezixhobo zenkampani, ukuze yaziwe ukuba ityala elityikitywe yinkampani linokugcinakala ngezixhobo elinazo. Xa kufunyaniswa ukuba inkampani ayisenayo indlela yokusombulula ityala elithile, emva koko ikhetha ukushiya le ndlela yezemali ngasemva, ukunqanda ukuba neengxaki kwintlawulo yexesha elizayo ekufuneka yenziwe. Yile ndlela umlinganiso wetyala onokuba sisixhobo esiluncedo kakhulu, esithi ukuba sisetyenziswe ngendlela enenkathalo kwaye nesimilo, sinceda ukuthintela iintlekele zemali ezinokubangela ukuphela kwenkampani okanye ishishini.
Kuchazwa njani umlinganiselo wetyala?
Xa usebenzisa oku Isixhobo semali, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba oku kusixelela ukuba zingaphi i-euro zenkxaso-mali yangaphandle inkampani enayo kwi-euro nganye yokulingana Kuya kufuneka uhlangane noxanduva lwakho lwezezimali. Ngamanye amagama, ibonisa ipesenti yenani lilonke lamatyala enkampani, ngokunxulumene nezixhobo ekufuneka ihlawule zona.
Ngale ndlela, ukuba sikhona umyinge wamatyala we-0.50, oku kubonisa ukuba oovimba bangaphandle, Oko kukuthi, ukuxhasa ngemali ngemali mboleko kunye neekhredithi zenza i-50% yezixhobo zenkampani. Ngamanye amagama, ukuba umyinge wamatyala uyi-0.50, oko kuthetha ukuba kuyo yonke i-euro ezingama-50 zenkxaso-mali yangaphandle, inkampani ine-100 yeeros yezixhobo zayo.
Ngokwenza oko, amaxabiso angawona aphezulu kumlinganiselo wetyala Baxhomekeke kakhulu kuhlobo lwenkampani, kwimibono yezezimali eyilawulayo, ubungakanani bayo kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo ekufuneka zijongane nazo naziphi na izinto ezinokubakho. Nangona kunjalo, ikhrayitheriya eyamkelweyo ngokubanzi yenqanaba elifanelekileyo lamatyala iphakathi kwe0.40 kunye ne0.60. Ngale ndlela, olona cetyiso luvunyiweyo ziingcali zezemali kukuba amatyala eenkampani amele phakathi kwe-40% kunye ne-60% yento emelwe zizonke izibonelelo. Kule meko, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba umyinge wamatyala amakhulu kune-0.60 kuthetha ukuba inkampani inamatyala agqithisileyo, ngelixa elinye lingaphantsi kwe-0.40 lithetha ukuba inkampani inezixhobo ezininzi kakhulu ezingasetyenziswanga ngokufanelekileyo kulwandiso olunokwenzeka.
Afunyanwa njani umlinganiselo wetyala?
Umlinganiselo wetyala ungabalwa ukusuka kuwo onke amatyala anikezelweyo, kwixesha elifutshane nakwixesha elide. Nje ukuba unayo le datha, yahlulwe ngamatyala apheleleyo, afunyanwa ngokudibanisa ixabiso elifanelekileyo kunye namatyala akhoyo ngoku kunye nalawo angekhoyo ngoku (ekwabizwa ngokuba kukulingana). Emva koko, isiphumo kufuneka siphindaphindwe ngekhulu, ukufumana ngale ndlela ipesenti yomyinge wetyala elinenkampani. Ifomula yokwenza oku kubalwa yile ilandelayo:
Ixesha elifutshane kunye nexesha elide kumatyala
Ngokusisiseko, zikho iifomula ezimbini eziphambili zetyala, ezisetyenzisiweyo ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha elinetyala lenkampani. Eyokuqala yeyemali yangaphandle okanye ityala elifutshane (RECP). Enye yeyemali yangaphandle okanye ityala lexesha elide (RELP).
I-RECP yindlela enoxanduva lokulinganisa amatyala exeshana okanye amatyala akhoyo ngoku, ezahlulwe ngexabiso elifanelekileyo. Kwelinye icala, umyinge wamatyala exesha elide ufunyanwa ngokwahlulahlula amatyala okanye amatyala akhoyo ngoku afunyenwe kwixesha elide, ngexabiso lilonke.
Ngokwesiqhelo, isicwangciso esisetyenziswa ziinkampani ezininzi sesokuba inkxaso-mali yangaphandle yexesha elide, kuba le ndlela ivumela ukuba bajongane netyala ixesha elide, kwaye ke, bandise imigaqo abanayo ukuze bavelise imveliso enkulu kwaye bazalisekise ngaphandle iingxaki ngezibophelelo zoqoqosho ezifunyenweyo.
Isiphelo
Njengoko sibonile kulo lonke eli nqaku, Umyinge wetyala lenkampani ungqamana nesixhobo semali esihle, ekuthi xa usiphatha ngokufanelekileyo nangokuthembekileyo, inokubonisa isixhobo esifanelekileyo kulawulo lwezoqoqosho kunye nokusombululwa kwemali kwinkampani ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ikwasivumela ukuba sifumane izibonelelo ngohlobo lweekhredithi kunye nemali mboleko yexesha elide, evela kumaziko ohlukeneyo ezemali, ukukhulisa ngokukhawuleza loo mashishini anokubanakho ngokwaneleyo, kwaye sihlala sinoxolo lwengqondo lokuba ukuhlawulwa kunye neebhili zamatyala athethwayo kunokuba ngaphandle kwengxaki, kuba yile nto kanye eyenzekayo kuthi ukugcina umkhondo wenqanaba lamatyala inkampani yethu okanye ishishini elinalo.
Ukubeka ngokulula, yi indlela yokulawula imali mboleko, iikhredithi kunye namatyala, njengezixhobo ezinokusonjululwa ngexesha elithile, esivumela ukuba siphuhlise ishishini ngaphandle kwesithintelo sokunqongophala kwemali, kwaye siqinisekile ukuba zonke izibophelelo zoqoqosho ezifunyenweyo zinokugutyungelwa, ngaphandle kwezithintelo ezinokuchaphazela uzinzo okanye imali impilo yenkampani.