Nokuba umncinci kwaye unamandla, akululanga ukuba ulibale isicwangciso esifanelekileyo sokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kwaye ungonwabela amandla amakhulu okuthenga kwiminyaka yegolide. Kwelinye icala, kukwakho nengcebiso ngabasemagunyeni kwezopolitiko malunga nesidingo sokufumana isongezelelo ngexesha lomhlala phantsi. Ngenxa yomngcipheko wokuba inkqubo yoluntu ayinakukubonelela ngomvuzo onomtsalane ngokwaneleyo yanelisa ezona mfuno zisisiseko. Yenye yeenjongo ekufuneka usete ngokwakho ukusukela ngoku.
Ngaphandle kwempesheni oza kuyithatha xa uthatha umhlalaphantsi, kufuneka wazi ukuba unezinye iindlela onokukhetha kuzo Yandisa le ngeniso rhoqo. Ngamaqhinga ahlukeneyo, amanye awaziwa nguwe, kodwa ewe abanye baya kukumangaza ngawo imvelaphi. Ngayiphi na imeko, kulunge kakhulu ukuba ubathathele ingqalelo kwimeko apho banokutshintshelwa kwiprofayile yakho. Nokuba ungakanani na okwangoku, ukwenza ibhegi yolondolozo ezinzileyo yokujongana nale minyaka yobomi bakho.
Inxalenye elungileyo yazo ivela kutyalo-mali Iimarike zezabelo, kodwa ngaphandle kokulibala nangawuphi na umzuzu wokulungiswa. Ukongeza ipenshini yakho ngendlela eyonelisayo ukuze uphumelele kule ngxaki inzima oya kuba nayo kule minyaka yobomi bakho. Kodwa ukusukela ngoku ukuya phambili, iyakuba nezicwangciso ezininzi zokwenza lo mnqweno ubaluleke kangangokuba indawo elungileyo yabarhafi kwilizwe lethu. Apho enye yeepenshoni ezisezantsi kummandla we-euro icingelwa.
Ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi eSpain
Idatha esishiye kulo nyaka uphelileyo isekwe kwinto yokuba ngaphezulu kwe-40% yabasebenzi kwilizwe lethu babona umvuzo opheleleyo wonyaka ungaphantsi kwe-16.982 euro. Le mali sisixa-mali esihlawulwa ngurhulumente kwabo bathabathe umhlala-phantsi kulawulo jikelele. Oku kuboniswa kuvavanyo lwamva nje lweMivuzo ePhambili yezeNgqesho, epapashwe liZiko leLizwe lezibalo (i-INE). Ke, ukuphela kuka-2017, umhlala-phantsi waseSpain wema kwi-925,85 ye-euro ngenyanga, emele ukunyuka okuncinci kwe-1,84% xa kuthelekiswa nelo xesha linye lonyaka odlulileyo.
Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ipanorama enomdla kakhulu iyenziwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, equlathe inani elonyukayo labadla umhlala-phantsi abafumana ngaphezulu kunabasebenzi abakhutheleyo. Esi siphumo sinokubangela iziphumo ezingafunekiyo xa ixesha lakho lomhlala-phantsi lifika. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba bangehlisa isixa ukunciphisa inani labaxhasi. Esi sesinye sezizathu ezenza ukuba kubenomdla kakhulu ukuba sele ukhusele umthombo wokuxhasa le ngeniso: Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ukuba zeziphi ezisebenzayo ngoku? Ewe, nika ingqalelo encinci ukuba kuya kufuneka ubhenele kubo ukusukela ngoku.
Iimali zotyalo mali zomhlalaphantsi
Ewe yeyona ndlela izimeleyo yoku phucula amandla akho okuthenga kwiminyaka yegolide yomhlala-phantsi wakho wobungcali. Le mveliso yemali ikuvumela ukuba ucwangcise kancinci ukonga ukuze uyonwabele kwiminyaka yomhlala-phantsi yobungcali. Ngokuguquguquka okukhulu ngakumbi kunezinye iimveliso ezenzelwe ukutyala imali. Kuba nguwe oya kukhetha umnikelo wemali oya kwingxowa mali rhoqo ngonyaka. Ukusukela ngalo mzuzu ucinga ukuba kufanelekile ukuqala lo msebenzi wokuthatha umhlalaphantsi kwaye ngokusekwe kwiimfuno zakho zokwenyani.
Enye yezona zinto ziluncedo kakhulu zilele kwinto yokuba unokukhetha ii-equities, ingeniso esisigxina okanye ezinye iindlela. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ufezekise enye okanye ezinye iinjongo zokwenza ingxowa-mali xa kufika ixesha lomhlala-phantsi emsebenzini wakho. Nangona kunjalo, olu luyilo lwezezimali olucetyiswa ngakumbi ukuba ufake isicelo. ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-50. Ngeephothifoliyo yeeasethi zemali ezinokuthi zahluke kakuhle. Ukukukhusela kwezona meko zintle kwiimarike zemali. Apho ingxowa mali yotyalo mali apho utyale khona imali oyigcinileyo ingasenokuphulukana nexabiso.
Izicwangciso zomhlala-phantsi
Ngayiphi na imeko, eyona mveliso ikhethekileyo ekujonganeni nomhlala-phantsi ngokungathandabuzekiyo sisicwangciso somhlala-phantsi okanye somhlala-phantsi. Kungenxa yokuba iyimveliso ejolise ekuveliseni izixhobo zokonga okanye zotyalo-mali ezijolise kuzo gubungela iimeko ezithile ezingxamisekileyoYiyo loo nto ukunqongophala kwemali, umahluko ophambili phakathi kwabanye, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iimveliso zezemali. Qho ngonyaka ubeka isixa xa kufika ixesha lomhlala phantsi. Kuxhomekeke kubukho bakho bemithombo yakho yemali, unokwandisa le ngxowa yokonga.
Kwelinye icala, olona phawu lubalulekileyo lwezicwangciso zomhlala-phantsi luhlala kwinto yokuba lunokunciphisa eyakho Isiseko serhafu Ingxelo yengeniso kwaye, ke, ukunciphisa inani lerhafu. Ngenxa yesi sicwangciso, uya kuba nakho ukuhlawula imali encinci kule rhafu okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, wandise imbuyekezo ekufuneka uyifumene minyaka le. Njengokuba ungenza uhlobo oluthile lokuhlangulwa kube kanye ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlalaphantsi. Logama ezinye zezi meko zilandelayo zisenzeka: ukungakwazi ukusebenza, ukugula kakhulu, imeko yokuxhomekeka, ukusweleka komnini, ukungabikho kwemisebenzi ixesha elide,
Ingeniso esisigxina ngezahlulo
Olu lolunye uhlobo lwangaphambili olunokubonelela ngezinye Ingeniso yonyaka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8%. Ngendlela eqinisekiswe ngokupheleleyo, ngaphandle kokuvela kwamaxabiso esitokhwe kwiimarike ze-equity. Kungenxa yokuba ungathandabuzi ukuba izabelo sisicwangciso-qhinga sokuba nenye imali eyongezelelweyo yexesha lokuguga. Ngoncedo olongeziweyo lokuba uya kuba nakho ukwenza inzuzo ngokulondolozwa ngekoteyishini yamaxabiso. Yinkqubo eyinxalenye elungileyo yabatyali mali abancinci naphakathi abaya kuyo. Ngokukodwa, ukulungiselela ukukhethwa kolu hlobo lwengeniso rhoqo ngonyaka.
Ukongeza, uneentlobo ngeentlobo zezindululo ukuba ukhetha izabelo. Ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba uninzi lweenkampani ezidwelisiweyo zihambisa lo mvuzo phakathi kwabanini zabelo, zibandakanyiwe kwisalathiso esikhethiweyo sezabelo zaseSpain. Ukwenza imbuyekezo kulondolozo lwayo Amanqanaba aphakathi kwe-3% ne-8%. Ngengeniso emiselweyo kunye neqinisekileyo ngonyaka. Apho unokuqokelela khona ngamaxesha ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo: ngekota, ngekota okanye ngonyaka. Ngayiphi na imeko, icandelo lezombane lelona linesisa ekunikezeleni le mbuyekezo ngesabelo ngasinye. Ngamaxabiso anamandla njenge-Iberdrola, i-Red Eléctrica Española, i-Endesa okanye i-Enagás, phakathi kwezinye ezifanelekileyo.
Izicwangciso zomhlala-phantsi ezi-inshurensi
Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-PPA, yenye indlela enokwanelisa iminqweno yabona bagcini bezinto abanomdla. Ngesizathu esilula kakhulu sokuchaza kwaye kungenxa yokuba isiqinisekiso senzuzo kwikomkhulu. Lo ngumahluko ophambili awuzisayo malunga nezicwangciso zepenshini zemveli. Kungenxa yokuba kwelinye icala, le mveliso igcina izibonelelo zerhafu ezifanayo nezi. Yindlela yokuba nengeniso ekhuselekileyo ngalo kanye kanye ixesha lomhlala-phantsi.
Ngaphakathi kweli qela, oko kubizwa ngokuba I-PIAS. Kule meko ngumdibaniso phakathi kwezicwangciso zepenshini kunye neinshurensi yokonga. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, bayakuqinisekisa ngobomi bonyaka obunokukunceda ukongeza ipenshini ngendlela eyonelisayo ngokweminqweno yakho. Ngaphandle kwengeniso eveliswa yile mveliso kwaye ayisiyiyo eyeyona iphakamileyo kwimarike. Kwelinye icala, ungasoloko usenza uhlangulo oluthile ngaphambi kweminyaka elishumi. Kodwa ngokubuyela umva kancinci, ngekhe uzonwabele izibonelelo zerhafu.
I-inshurensi yokonga
Okokugqibela, kukho le mveliso yezemali egxile ekwenzeni ingeniso yokonga kule minyaka yobomi bakho. Nangona yenye yeemodeli ezibonisa inzala esezantsi kwaye ikwenzelwe iprofayili yomtyali mali yokuzikhusela. Phi ukhuseleko lukhona ngaphezulu kwezinye izinto ezinengcwangu. Ayilolize, isekwe kwinto yokuba uya kuba nale mali emva kweminyaka embalwa uyenzile. Akunjalo kwangoko kwaye kuyo nayiphi na imeko kuya kuxhomekeka kulondolozo oluqokelelwe kule mveliso kutyalo-mali lwabadla umhlala-phantsi.
Ngayiphi na imeko, kwaye emva kokuba uchazile ezi ndlela zokukhetha iminyaka yegolide, eyona nto icetyiswayo kukuba uhlalutye imeko yakho eyiyo kwaye ngakumbi iimfuno oza kuba nazo kula maxesha akhethekileyo ebomini bakho. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ukhethe ifomathi yokonga elungele iimeko zakho zobuqu. Kwaye ukuba kunokwenzeka, iya kuba yimveliso eyahlukileyo, nangona inedinomineyitha efanayo kuzo zonke. Ayikho enye into enokwenzeka ukuba unomvuzo omiselweyo kumhlala-phantsi.