Kukho abantu aboyikayo ngexesha lokuthatha umhlala-phantsi. Ukuqala ekubeni nomsebenzi wokuphakama yonke imihla, kunye nokuziva uluncedo; Ukuba ngumhlala-phantsi kunye nexesha elininzi lokukhulula kuyabadandathekisa, kuba baziva ngathi, xa bezifumana bekuloo meko, bayayeka ukukhonza, hayi eluntwini kuphela, kodwa nosapho lwabo. Yiyo loo nto uninzi luthatha inxaxheba ekuthatheni umhlala-phantsi.
Kodwa, Kuthetha ntoni ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi ngokungaphelelanga? Ngaba ukhona umntu onokuyifumana? Zeziphi iimfuno ekufuneka zizalisekisiwe? Ngaba ingahlala igcinwa? Konke oku nokunye okuninzi koku siza kuthetha ngokulandelayo.
Yintoni umhlalaphantsi ongaphelelanga
Ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi ngokuyinxalenye kunokuqondwa njengesivumelwano esenziwa phakathi komqeshi nomsebenzi apho loo mntu anciphisa iiyure zakhe zokusebenza nenkampani, isiphumo sokwehla komvuzo. Ngokwiphepha loKhuseleko lweNtlalo, umba wokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ngokuyinxalenye ungalandela:
«Ukuthatha umhlala phantsi ngokuyinxenye kuthathwa njengokokuqalisa emva kokufikelela kubudala beminyaka engama-60, ngaxeshanye nekhontrakthi yomsebenzi wesingxungxo kwaye kunxulunyaniswe okanye hayi kwikhontrakthi yohlangulo esayinwe nomsebenzi ongasebenziyo okanye onesivumelwano kunye nenkampani yexesha elimiselweyo» .
Ngamanye amagama, kulapho umntu aqhubeka khona ukusebenza kodwa esenza njalo ngemini emfutshane yokusebenza, kunye nomvuzo ophantsi. Nangona kunjalo, oko akuthethi ukuba uza kubiza imali encinci. Ngokwenyani, uya kufumana isabelo esilinganiselweyo somhlala-phantsi wakhe kuKhuseleko lweNtlalo.
Ukuze umhlala-phantsi ube nokubakho, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuncitshiswa kosuku lokusebenza kube yi-25%, kwaye kungafikelela kwi-50% ubuninzi. Kwaye kuthetha ukutyikitywa kwesivumelwano sengqesho esitsha.
Iindidi zomhlala-phantsi
Into abangayaziyo abaninzi kukuba zimbini iindlela zokufanelekela ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi. Zezi:
- Ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi ngaphambi kwexesha. Kwenzeka xa umsebenzi eqhubela phambili iminyaka yobudala ngaphandle kokufumana isohlwayo. Into eyenzayo ukunciphisa usuku lokusebenza kodwa, endaweni yokufumana ikhontrakthi eyinxenye (yokubonelela okuseleyo ngomhlala-phantsi), into eyisekayo sisivumelwano sokunceda.
- Umhlala-phantsi oqhelekileyo. Yiyo leyo, yakuba ifikelelwe iminyaka efanelekileyo yokusebenzisa eli nani, umqeshwa ulisebenzise ngokunciphisa umvuzo kunye nosuku lokusebenza endaweni yokufumana inxenye yomhlala-phantsi.
Zeziphi iimfuno ezichaziweyo ukuzalisekisa
Xa umsebenzi efuna ukuthatha ithuba lalo manyathelo, kufuneka kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokuqala, ezinje:
Ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi okwethutyana ngesivumelwano soncedo
Iya kuba luhlobo lokuqala lokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ngokuyinxenye esixoxe ngalo, kwaye kule meko, ukuze sikwazi ukonwabela oko ezi mfuno zilandelayo mazifezekiswe:
- Ukuba kukho isivumelwano sokunceda kunye nomsebenzi okhululekileyo. Le khontrakthi inokuba yeyosuku apho umsebenzi okhululekileyo angasebenzi, kwaye inokuba yeyethutyana okanye ingapheliyo.
- Ukuba ufikelele kubuncinane beminyaka yomhlala-phantsi. Kule meko, sithetha malunga neminyaka engama-60 kwimeko yamatyala; 62-63 kuwo onke amanye amatyala.
- Yiba nekhontrakthi yexesha elipheleleyo. Kwimeko apho ingekhoyo, umsebenzi akazukukwazi ukukhetha le fomyula yomhlalaphantsi.
- Kuyimfuneko ukuba umsebenzi ube nobudala ubuncinci iminyaka emi-6 kwinkampani. Kwimeko apho ingafezekiswanga, nokuba ezinye iimfuno ziyafezekiswa, awunakho ukufikelela kule fomu yomhlala-phantsi.
Ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi okwethutyana ngaphandle kwesivumelwano sokubuyisela
Kwimeko apho kungenziwanga ikhontrakthi, kwaye ukhethe umhlala-phantsi oqhelekileyo, iimfuno ekufuneka zihlangatyeziwe zezi:
- Ubuncinane beminyaka yobudala yomhlala phantsi, eya kuthi isuke kwiminyaka engama-60.
- Isivumelwano somsebenzi. Oku kunokuba kokubini ngokusisigxina kunye part-time.
- Ukunciphisa usuku lokusebenza. Unciphiso kufuneka lube yi-25% ubuncinci kwaye ubuninzi bube yi-50%. Kwezinye iimeko, i-75% inokuvunyelwa.
- Yiba nexesha elincinci lokufaka igalelo. Eli xesha liyakuba yiminyaka eli-15, ezimbini kuzo kwangoko kwiminyaka eli-15 phambi komsitho obangeleyo. Oko kukuthi, emibini kuloo minyaka kufuneka ibe phakathi kweminyaka eli-15 ngaphambi kwelo xesha.
- Ngena kwisivumelwano sexeshana kunye nenkampani. Nangona sele unayo ikhontrakthi yomsebenzi, xa usuka ngokupheleleyo uye kusuku olucuthweyo kunyanzelekile ukuba umisele ngokusemthethweni ikhontrakthi entsha.
Uhlawuliswa malini ngomhlala-phantsi ngokungaphelelanga
Kule meko asinakukunika isixa ngqo ukusukela Kuya kuxhomekeka kwipenshini ehambelana nawe. Into ekufuneka icace kuwe kukuba ngokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ngokungaphelelanga uya kuhlawulwa ngokuyinxalenye yinkampani, kwaye okuseleyo kude kube sekupheleni kosuku kuya kuhlawulwa nguKhuseleko lweNtlalo njengepenshoni.
Ungasifaka njani isicelo somhlalaphantsi ongaphelelanga
Ukuba emva kwento oyifundileyo uqaphela ukuba uyazifezekisa iimfuno kwaye ikwayinto onqwenela ukuyenza, iinkqubo zokucela ukupasiswa komhlala-phantsi ngokuyinxenye, okokuqala, ngokucela ukuqeshwa kwangaphambili koKhuseleko lweNtlalo. Oku kungafunyanwa ngokutsalela umnxeba kule nombolo (901 106 570), kwiwebhusayithi yayo okanye usetyenziso lwayo. Olu lungiselelo luya kukuvumela ukuba ufumane yonke into oyifunayo malunga nokuthatha umhlalaphantsi kancinci.
Ukongeza, kuya kufuneka ulungiselele amaxwebhu, oko kukuthi: i-DNI okanye i-NIE (eyintsusa kunye nekopi), ifom yesicelo sokuthatha umhlalaphantsi (onokuzikhuphelela kwiphepha elisemthethweni loKhuseleko lweNtlalo); Ukuqinisekiswa kwenkampani okanye uxwebhu oluchaza ukuba uza kuqhubeka kwinkampani; isatifikethi sokukhubazeka (ukuba unaso) kunye nokuvunywa kweNkonzo yezeMikhosi okanye iZibonelelo zeNtlalo eziBambeleyo (ukuba unayo).
Kubalulekile Thetha nenkampani, kuba isenokungavumi ukunciphisa ingqesho kunye nomvuzo womntu, ke uya kuba ujongene nemeko eyahlukileyo: ungaphulukana nomsebenzi kwaye ungakulungeli ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi ngokupheleleyo.
Nje ukuba uqale iinkqubo, Ukhuseleko lwezeNtlalontle luya kugweba kulo mbandela kwaye ungaqala ukonwabela umhlala-phantsi wakho ngokuyinxenye ngelixa uqhubeka usebenza. Ewe kunjalo, ngokwamkelwa kwale fomyula kufuneka ukuba inkampani isayine ikhontrakthi yexeshana. Ngaphandle koko, inokungavunyelwa.