Akusiyo imfihlo okwangoku ukuba umvuzo wabasebenzi baseSpain uwile kule minyaka idlulileyo, kwaye ufikelela kwinqanaba elingacingelwanga kwithuba elifutshane elidlulileyo. Kwaye oko kuchaphazela ikakhulu omncinci, ngoobani abanemivuzo ephantsi. Oku kungangqinwa ngedatha ebonelelwe nguMbutho weNtsebenziswano yezoQoqosho noPhuhliso (i-OECD), ebonisa ukuba umvuzo wabantu abancinci baseSpain usukile kwi-1.210 ye-euro kwi-2008 ukuya kwi-890 euro kwi-2013Oko kukuthi, ukuwa kwangempela kwe-35%.
Ukujongana nemeko enjalo engenamvuzo kwimarike yezemisebenzi kwilizwe lethu, ayothusi into yokuba abo bachaphazeleka koku kusikwa kwimivuzo yabo bazame ukufumana isongezelelo kwimivuzo yabo. Ngale ndlela, bonwabele umgangatho wobomi ophezulu, kunye nokufikelela kuzo zonke iimveliso ezisisiseko kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. Ukwaneliseka kwakho, uya kuhlala unamathuba yenza ingeniso ngaphandle kwaleyo ifunyenwe emsebenzini wabo, kwaye oko kuya kubanceda ukuba bahlawule amatyala, bajongane nezona ndleko ziyimfuneko, okanye ngamafutshane, ukuze bazonwabise ngesiqhelo.
Esi sicwangciso somvuzo asizukuza, njengoko abaninzi banokuqiqa, ukusuka ekunikezeleni ekukhanyeni kwenyanga. Kodwa ngokuchaseneyo, kuveliswe kutyalo-mali lwabo kwiimarike zemali. Yimeko enye kuphela eya kufuneka, kungabi lula ukuyizalisekisa kuzo zonke iimeko: unemali encinci yokonga ukwenza imisebenzi isebenze ngokusesikweni. Ngakumbi ukudibana, kunye nokusebenza kuya kuphakama ngokulinganayo, ngokusekwe kwiminikelo yakho yemali. Ayothusi into yokuba uninzi lwabasebenzi baseSpain bangabinayo enye indlela ngaphandle kokuthatha eli nyathelo lokuqhubeka namandla afanayo okuthenga njengakwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo.
Umvuzo ngotshintshiselwano
Elinye lamaqhinga onawo phambi kwakho ukufumana isongezelelo kumvuzo wakho kukusebenzisa utyalo mali. Ngokumodareyitha okuphindwe kabini, okuya kuxhomekeka kwiprofayili oyivezayo njengomtyali mali omncinci nophakathi. Kwelinye icala, ukufumana inzuzo enkulu kwimisebenzi eyenziweyo kwiimarike zemali. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukufikelela kumvuzo osisigxina inyanga nenyanga, kwaye ngokuthe rhoqo. Ukwenza oku kuya kufuneka uprinte uqeqesho oluthile kuyo yonke intshukumo kwimarike yemasheya. Ngamaxesha onke ngokusebenza okuncinci, apho unokuvelisa isixa esincinci inyanga nenyanga esandiswa kwiakhawunti yakho yokujonga.
Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uphephe ngandlela zonke ukubambeka kwiimarike, kuba ukuba bekunjalo, isicwangciso sakho sonke sokuphucula umgangatho wobomi ngezi ntlawulo ziya kuwa. Kukhethwa, ke, yenza ingeniso encinci ukungalindi ukuba ezi zibe nesisa ngokwenyani. Sisitshixo sokufumana impumelelo kunye nokusebenza kwakho kwiimarike zesitokhwe. Kwaye unokuyigcina iinyanga ezininzi, nokuba yiminyaka ukuba uphumelele ekusebenzeni.
Kuzo zonke, ukuba awunathamsanqa ukusisebenzisa, okanye awunakukwazi ukwenza esi sicwangciso ukuze ufumane umvuzo owongezelelweyo, ungakhathazeki kakhulu. Kukho enye indlela egqibeleleyo kwaye elula yokufumana umvuzo owongezelelweyo, kwaye ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu kwicala lakho. Mhlawumbi hayi inyanga nenyanga, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba kwikota nganye uyakufumana lo mvuzo. Imalunga ngezahlulo ezisasazwe ziinkampani ezithengisa esidlangalaleni. Kwaye onokufikelela kuyo imbuyekezo yonyaka emiselweyo efikelela kwi-8%.
Uya kuba nolukhuseleko olubanzi olwahambisa le ntlawulo yemali phakathi kwabanini zabelo. Ngomsebenzi oqinisekisiweyo, kwaye nangayiphi na imeko ingaphezulu kunaleyo inikezelwa ziimveliso eziphambili zebhanki zokonga (iidipozithi zexesha, amanqaku ezithembiso, iibhondi, njlnjl.). Hayi ngelize, ezi ziya kukubonelela kuphela ngeyona nzala iphezulu ye-0,50%, ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi lemali, emva kwamanyathelo abekwe yi-European Central Bank (ECB).
Nokuba utyalomali lwakho luhamba njani, uya kuba uyila ibhegi yokonga encinci qho ngonyaka. Oko kuya kukunceda ukuhlawulela i-whim encinci, okanye nokuhlawulela uhambo olulandelayo kunye neqela lakho labahlobo. Ngoncedo lokuba uya kubafumana ngokukhawuleza kwiakhawunti yakho yokutshekisha ngalo mzuzu kanye apho kwenziwe ngayo le ntlawulo. Zininzi iinkampani ezisasaza rhoqo ngekota, kubandakanya nezo zivela kwicandelo lebhanki.
Ngegalelo lakho kwingxowa mali
Ngenxa yemeko engekho mpilweni kuqoqosho lwakho lwasekhaya, uya kuhlala ekulungele ukwenza ingeniso ye-atypical onokuthi ulawule ngayo iindleko ekufuneka ujongane nazo kwaye, kutheni kungenjalo, ukuphucula umgangatho wokuphila ngokungena kwemali iakhawunti yakho yokutshekisha, nokuba incinci kangakanani. Enye yeefomula onazo zibonakalisiwe ngenxa yotyalo mali. Esinye sezixhobo ezithandekayo ukufezekisa ezi njongo ekunyuseni umvuzo wakho.
Usenokungayazi, kodwa nangale mveliso yezezimali banokufumana izabelo rhoqo. Isicwangciso abasisebenzisayo ngamaxesha athile. Nangona kungenjalo ngesisa sezabelo kwimarike yemasheya. Ngayiphi na imeko, uya kuba kwimeko yokufumana umvuzo ozinzileyo rhoqo ngonyaka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5%.
Ayizizo zonke iimali zotyalo mali ezenza olu lwabiwo mali, kude nalo, kodwa lukhetho oluncinci ekufuneka ulubonile xa ubhalisa. Banokuvela nakwingeniso emiselweyo, ukuba awufuni ukubeka emngciphekweni ukonga kwakho. Kananjalo baya kuya kwiakhawunti yakho yokutshekisha ngemihla abenza ngayo lo mvuzo kubathathi-nxaxheba beemali zotyalo-mali.
Ngayiphi na imeko, ezinye iindlela ziyavulwa ukuze zikunikeze umvuzo ohambelana nale mveliso yotyalo-mali. Yenza ipotifoliyo yotyalo-mali esekwe kwimali eliqela onokuthi ukhuthaze ulondolozo kuyo inyanga nenyanga. Kufuneka yahlulwe ukuze kwenziwe umsebenzi ngempumelelo ngakumbi. Ukudibanisa iimali zotyalo-mali zengeniso esisigxina kunye nokwahluka. Kwakhona kunye neemodeli ezixubekileyo, kunye nolunye utyalomali. Kwaye ukuba ungumtyali mali onoburhalarhume ungazisa i-asethi ethile yemali esekwe kwizinto eziluhlaza.
Ukuba utyalomali unemali ekuvunyelwene ngayo, ezinye zeefomathi ziyakuvumela ukuba unyuse imali, nangona kungenjalo njengesisa sokhuseleko. Kodwa iya kuba ngaphezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba ufikelele ekupheleni kwenyanga kunye nemali eseleyo kwiakhawunti yakho yokujonga isempilweni ngakumbi. Ngale ndlela, kuphelisa ukungaqiniseki okunyanzelwa ngumvuzo ophantsi, okanye nokusikwa kokugqibela okusetyenziswe yinkampani.
Ngokusebenzisa iimveliso ezinobunkunkqele
Njengenye indlela yotyalo-mali, unayo ezinye iimveliso ezilungiselelwe utyalo-mali, kodwa eziqala kwiimodeli ezinobunkunkqele kakhulu, kwaye zithwala umngcipheko kwimisebenzi yakho. Iziqinisekiso, imali yokurhweba ngokutshintshiselana, ezinye izinto okanye ukuthengisa ngetyala zezinye zazo. Kodwa musa ukukhohliswa, kuba nangona imbuyekezo onokuyifumana kwezi mveliso iphezulu kakhulu, kunye nembuyekezo yamanani aphindwe kabini, ngokuchaseneyo, ungaphulukana nemali egqithileyo kwimisebenzi yabo.
Kwaye kuyo nayiphi na imeko, akukho kunconywa kuncinci ukwenza imisebenzi yokubonelela ngomvuzo omncinci inyanga nenyanga, okanye ubuncinci iikota.. Awuyi kuba nasisiqinisekiso sokwenene sokuba kuya kuba njalo, kwaye iingxaki zinokufumba nanini na xa utyalomali lungaphuhlisi njengoko ubulityalile ekuqaleni. Ewe kunjalo, ngaphandle kokuhanjiswa kwalo naluphi na uhlobo lwesahlulelo okanye ulwabiwo rhoqo.
Kuphela ukuba ungumtyali mali onobuchule kunye namava okwenza imisebenzi ibe yinzuzo, iya kuba lixesha lokuzibekela iinjongo ezithile ezisisiseko sonyaka ngamnye ngokhetho olubanzi lweemveliso zezemali ezinokuhlangabezana nolindelo lwakho lotyalo-mali.
Irhafu edityaniswe kwii-equities
Okokugqibela, iya kushiyeka njengendawo yokugqibela ekufezekiseni ezi njongo zifunwayo ukukhetha uthotho lweemveliso ezikhuselekileyo. Kwaye phakathi kwabo, Iidiphozithi zibotshelelwe kwimarike yemasheya, nakwezinye iiasethi zemali (igolide, ioyile, izinto ezingasetyenziswanga, njl. Ngokuqesha kwakho uya kufumana i- inzala emiselweyo neqinisekisiweyo qho ngonyaka. Nangona ingaphakamanga kakhulu, ijikeleze i-0,50%. Ngale nto ungazukuhlangabezana nayo nokulindelweyo eyenziweyo.
Ukuphucula le micimbi yenzuzo, awuzukukhetha ngaphandle kwebhasikithi yezabelo ezinxulumene nale mveliso yolondolozo fezekisa iinjongo ezisisiseko kwisilinganiso sakho kwiimarike zezemali. Ngale ndlela kuphela kungcono ukwandisa umdla, kwaye ufikelele kuluhlu phakathi kwe-2% kunye ne-3%. Kodwa ke lumka kakhulu malunga nokusebenzisa esi sicwangciso sotyalo-mali esahlukileyo, kuba akukho lula ukufikelela kwimfuno, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo. Akumangalisi ukuba ungabinalo olu lwandiso ekusebenzeni.
Ngenxa yale meko, kuya kuba ngcono kuwe ukuba uqwalasele ezinye iifomula ezingantsonkothanga kwiidipozithi zekota. Ngokuyintloko Ukuqhagamshela le mveliso kwidebhithi ethe ngqo yomvuzo, kwaye kwezona zinikezelo zabo zibukhali bayakuhlawula ukuya kuthi ga kwiqondo eliphezulu le-5%. Olunye ukhetho oluvunyelwayo yinkqubo yebhanki kukuba uye kwizibonelelo kunye nokunyuselwa abebekade bekwenza rhoqo, kwaye ukuya kuthi ga ngoku kukubonelela nge-2%. Nangona utshintshisa ixesha elifutshane kakhulu elingazukukwenza uhlangane nokulindelweyo.
Ekugqibeleni, fumana idiphozithi ngelona gama lide ekusisigxina, ezinokuba ziinyanga ezingama-24, 36, okanye nangaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphuculwa komdla onokukufumana akulingi kangako, kuphela zishumi kuphela ngaphezulu kweemveliso eziqhelekileyo. Kwaye oko kuyakwenza ukuba uphinde ucinge ukuba ingaba kufanelekile na ukuthatha eli qhinga lokufumana i-euro ezimbalwa kakhulu.