I-United States Federal Reserve (i-Fed) inyuse ireyithi yenzala ngekota yenqaku kuluhlu oluphakathi 2,25% kunye ne-2,5%, ekwimigangatho engabonwayo kwisithuba seminyaka elishumi kumandla oqoqosho akhokelayo kwihlabathi. Oku kukugqibela kokunyusa okune i-arhente ebicwangcise ukukwenza ngo-2018, nangona icebisile ukuba isantya se-2019 siza kuba phakathi. Uqikelelo lokuba zimbini kwaye azikho ezine ukonyuka ezinokuphuhliswa ngeli xesha.
Ezi ndaba zibe nefuthe elibi kakhulu kwiimarike ze-equity, ngokuhla okuxhaphakileyo kuzo zonke ii-indices zesitokhwe emhlabeni. Ngokuqina okungabonwanga kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo, ukuwa phakathi kwe-2% kunye ne-3% kwaye apho isalathiso semarike yestokhwe saseSpain, i-Ibex 35, simkhokelele ekubeni avavanye inqanaba Amanqaku e-8.600. Enye yezona nkxaso zibaluleke kakhulu ezinazo ngalo mzuzu kwaye ezinokubangela, ukuba ekugqibeleni idilizwe, ukuba ezantsi zifakwe ngokusisigxina kwisikwere saseSpain.
Oku kusabela kwiimarike zezemali kungqina ukubaluleka kwamazinga enzala kwiimarike zesitokhwe kwihlabathi liphela. Kunye iimpendulo ezinzulu kakhulu, ngandlela ithile okanye enye, eya kuthi ixhomekeke kwindaleko yeparameter ebalulekileyo kwezoqoqosho. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba abatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi baqwalasele indlela ukuvela kwamazinga enzala okunempembelelo ngayo kuqoqosho kwaye, ngokusisiseko, ubudlelwane kunye nelizwe elinzima lemali notyalo mali.
Inzala ephezulu
Ukuba sisebenzisa isigqibo esenziwe yi-Federal Reserve yase-United States ukunyusa, nokuba ngokuthe ngcembe, amaxabiso wenzala, kuluncedo ukwazi apho abasebenzisi ngokubanzi banokuchaphazeleka khona. Ewe, ukonyuka kwale parameter yezoqoqosho kuthetha ngaphezulu kwako konke a ulawulo lwamaxabiso olusebenzayo zeemveliso kunye neempahla ezifumanekayo. Ngamanye amagama, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuhlala kuthanda ukwehla kwezi meko kwaye ke kukho ulawulo olukhulu kumaxabiso. Iziphumo ezingxamisekileyo kukuba iindleko zobomi azizukuvela ngamandla afanayo.
Kwelinye icala, le nto ikhuthaza ukusetyenziswa phakathi kwabasebenzisi ukuba babe phezulu kwaye izuze ukukhula koqoqosho kwelizwe ngaphezulu kwezinye izinto zobuchwephesha. Ke ngoko, le iya kuba yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zentsebenzo ekunyukeni kwamazinga enzala. Kungenxa yokuba emva kwazo zonke iinjongo ze oorhulumente bamanye amazwe xa usenza umgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho. Njengoko kubonisiwe kule minyaka idlulileyo kwaye ngakumbi emva kokuphuhliswa kwengxaki yoqoqosho yokugqibela, phakathi kuka-2007 no-2009.
Imali mboleko ebiza kakhulu
Ngokuchasene noko, enye yezona zinto zoyikekayo zokunyuka kwexabiso lenzala kukuba imigca yezemali ziye zibize kakhulu, zombini phakathi kwabantu neenkampani. Hayi ngelize, kuyakufuneka kunikezelwe umzamo omkhulu woqoqosho ekuhlawuleni kwawo kwaye uhlala uxhomekeke kubungakanani bolonyuso. Isenokuba ukusuka kwishumi leepesenti ukuya kumanqaku aliqela kwinzala ethi amaziko emboleko asebenzise abathengi bawo. Ekuchaphazela ngayo ukuba ubunzima bemali obujikelezayo buncinci kwaye kule ndlela inokuchaphazela ngokunzulu ukukhula okuhle kokusetyenziswa.
Ukuziqhelanisa noku kuthetha ukuba xa kukho ukunyuka kwenqanaba lenzala, iibhanki zikhawuleza ziqwalasele iimeko zabo zesivumelwano. Ukunyusa inzala yeemveliso zabo kwaye kwezinye iimeko nakwi iikhomishini kunye nezinye iindleko kulawulo lwayo okanye ulondolozo. Ngokwalo mbono, eli nyathelo lemali alithandeki kwaphela kwimidla yabathengi eya kuthi ibone ukuba kuya kufuneka banikezele njani ngezibonelelo zemali ezongezelelweyo xa kusenziwa nawuphi na umgca wekhredithi.
Impembelelo kwiimarike zezemali
Ukuya kwinqanaba elikhulu okanye elincinci, ezi zenzo zemali ziya kuba nefuthe kwiimarike zokulingana kwihlabathi liphela. Kwaye ayisiyonto intle, njengoko sele kubonisiwe kwezi ntsuku emva kokunyuka kwenqanaba elitsha yi-Federal Reserve yase-United States. Ngenxa yokuba iingxowa zifumana le milinganiselo ngokwaneleyo ukwehla kumaxabiso ezokhuseleko kuluhlu kwiimarike zemali. Ngamandla ngamanye amaxesha abhengezwe kakhulu kwaye anokubaxwa. Kodwa lo ngumthetho oqhubeka phakathi kwabatyali mali kwihlabathi liphela.
Ngelixa ngokuchaseneyo, ukunyuka kwenqanaba lenzala kufunyanwa ngendlela eyahlukileyo ziimarike zengeniso esisigxina, ezingabaxhamli abakhulu beli nqanaba. Ngayiphi na imeko, kuya kufuneka uzithathele ingqalelo zonke ezi ntlobo zentshukumo ukuze uphonononge iphothifoliyo yethu yotyalo-mali okanye ukhuseleko. Kwaye ukuba kufanelekile ukwahluka ngokusekwe kolu tshintsho kumgaqo-nkqubo wezemali woorhulumente. Kungenxa yokuba ayinakulityalwa ukuba ukungalingani okunamandla kunokwenzeka kuzo. Njengoko kuya kwenzeka kuwe ngaphezulu kwesihlandlo esinye ngotyalo-mali lwakho.
Inzuzo yokonga
Ke ngoko, omnye wabaxhamli abakhulu benyathelo lokunyusa amaxabiso wenzala ngokungathandabuzekiyo uya kugcina imali. Ngenxa yesizathu esilula kakhulu sokuchaza kwaye oko kusekwe kwinto yokuba zonke iimveliso ezilungiselelwe ukonga zonyuka kwintsebenzo abayinikezelayo kubaninizo. Njengomzekelo, kwi iidipozithi zebhanki zexesha elimiselweyo, amanqaku ezithembiso ngokudibeneyo okanye nakwimveliso ephezulu okanye kwiiakhawunti eziqhelekileyo. Iziphumo zalo ezingxamisekileyo, ezinomdla wakho, ziya kuphakama ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ngokonyuka kwamava.
Oku kuyakunceda abantu ukuba babenemali eninzi kwiakhawunti yabo yokonga kwaye inefuthe eliluncedo kuphuculo lokusetyenziswa ngaphezulu kwezinye izinto eziqwalaselweyo zobuchwephesha. Ixesha ledipozithi linokuphakama ngokugqibeleleyo kule meko yokusebenzisa umndilili kunye nomdla wonyaka Iipesenti ezingama-1 ukuya kuma-1,50% okanye ngokulingana okufanayo. Ke ngoko, imali ihambela kwingeniso emiselweyo ngokonakalisa i-equity. Kukho ke ukuhanjiswa kokuhamba kwemali phakathi kwezinto zombini ezinomdla kakhulu ekufundeni nasekuhlalutyeni kwamanye amanqaku athile ngakumbi kule meko kwilizwe lemali.
Ukomeleza i-Forex
Enye yezona ziphumo zintle zokunyuka kwamazinga enzala kukuba ivelisa ukuphuculwa kwemali echaphazelekayo. Ngale ndlela, ayinakulityalwa ukuba emva kwesigqibo se-United States Federal Reserve sokunyusa inzala, kwabakho ukomelezwa kwangoko kwemali yayo. Oko kukuthi, kwaye ukuze uyiqonde ngcono ukusukela ngoku, idola liya kulonyusa ixabiso layo. Oku kuyakuchaphazela ukubanakho kokuthumela ngaphandle, njengoko ukuthenga iimpahla zaseMelika kuya kubiza kakhulu ukusukela ngoku.
Kwelinye icala, kulunge kakhulu ukuphonononga umba ochazwa leli nyathelo libalulekileyo lemali kwaye inxulumene nokusebenza okwenziwa kwiimarike zotshintshiselwano lwangaphandle. Ukusukela, ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo sayo, ugcino lunokwenziwa lube nengeniso ngokuxhomekeke kwiimali eziphuculweyo nolu hlobo lutsha lwemali. Isicwangciso sokuqala kakhulu ukuba abatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi abanamava ngakumbi kolu hlobo lwemisebenzi ekhethekileyo bayaphuhlisa. Ayothusi into yokuba banikezela Inzuzo ephezulu kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye ii-asethi eziyimali ezifanelekileyo.
Umyinge wenzala kummandla we-euro
Malunga ne ye euro imeko okwangoku yehluke kakhulu kuleyo yaseMelika. Oku kungenxa yokuba imeko yezoqoqosho yahlukile kwaye kule ngqondo isebe lohlalutyo libonisa ukuba “nakweyiphi na imeko, bahlala kumanqanaba aphezulu, asivumela ukuba sikuthembe ukuqhubeka komjikelo obanzi. Uqikelelo lwethu lokukhula ngo-2018 ngoku luyi-2,0% xa kuthelekiswa ne-2,1% ngaphambili, kunye + 1,8% ngo-2019 xa kuthelekiswa ne-1,9% ngaphambili ”.
Kwelinye icala, bacinga ukuba “asilindelanga ukuba i-ECB itshintshe indlela yayo. Ukuthengwa kweeasethi (i-15.000 yezigidi zeerandi / inyanga) kuya kuphela ngoDisemba. Ngaphandle kokuphela kweQE, umgaqo-lawulo wemali uzakuqhubekeka ukulungiselelwa, ngokuthi kuphinde kuvuselelwe ukukhula kwaye kukhokelwe phambili kumazinga enzala ”. Ayothusi into yokuba banikezela Inzuzo ephezulu kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye ii-asethi eziyimali ezifanelekileyo.
Ngamanye amagama, sisimo ekusafuneka sihambe ekubeni bekholelwa ukuba “inzala, sicinga ukuba ukonyuka kokuqala kungabakho ngoSeptemba / Okthobha kwireyithi yedipozithi, ukusuka ngoku -0,4%. UDraghi uligqiba ixesha lakhe ngo-Okthobha kwaye ke ngoko uvulela indlela yokumiselwa komgangatho kwiirhafu ”. Into eya kuthi ngokungathandabuzekiyo ichaphazele indawo enkulu yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi abaya kuthi bayazi kakuhle into enokwenzeka kumgaqo-nkqubo woluntu ukuze baphuhlise uhlobo oluthile lwezicwangciso zokuphucula utyalo-mali lwabo.