"Luqoqosho, sisidenge" Eli binzana laziwa ngowayesakuba nguMongameli wase-US u-Bill Clinton libonisa ukubaluleka kwesi siluleko kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi. Kwaye ingangaphantsi njani, nakwifayile ye- Utyalomali lwehlabathi kunye nobudlelwane nemali. Ukufikelela kwinqanaba apho kunokuqinisekiswa ukuba iimeko zoqoqosho zibaluleke kakhulu ukumisela indaleko yee-indices zesitokhwe Lonke ihlabathi. Ukuba ngunobangela wokuba bathathe enye okanye enye imeko. Akumangalisi ukuba kufuneka isekwe njengenye yeeparameter zokuthatha isikhundla kwiimarike ze-equity.
Imiba efana nenqanaba lentswela-ngqesho, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nokukhula kwezoqoqosho kuthathelwa ingqalelo ngabatyali mali ukuvula okanye ukubuyisela ezikhundleni kwiimarike zezemali. Dlala indima elinganayo okanye ebaluleke ngakumbi kune inkalo yobugcisa thaca ngokhuseleko, amacandelo okanye ii-indices zesitokhwe. Ngento ebaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka uyithathele ingqalelo ukusukela ngoku. Ayikho enye ngaphandle kokuba iimarike zezimali zilindele ubunyani boqoqosho. Iziphumo zalo kwimarike yemasheya zenzeka ngolindelo oluthile kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu zihlala ziphambili ngokubhekisele kwinyani yezoqoqosho.
Ukuba ufuna ukumisela ngokusesikweni olu hlobo lwemisebenzi, awuzukukhetha kodwa ukugcina uqoqosho engqondweni nangaliphi na ixesha. Ayisiyiyo kuphela ngexesha elinabileyo, kodwa nakwizikhewu. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba iya kuvelisa utshintsho okanye ulondolozo kwimeko yee-indices zesitokhwe. Kwaye kunokuba kuncinci njani oku kuyenzeka eSpain. Apho uqoqosho ludlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuziphatheni kweemarike zezabelo. Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ukuba zeziphi ezona zizathu zibalulekileyo? Ewe, nika ingqwalaselo encinci ukusukela ngoku kuba iya kuba lulwazi oluluncedo onokuthi ulusebenzise ukwenza iiasethi zakho zobuqu okanye zosapho zibe nenzuzo.
Kutheni kubalulekile ukuba ezoqoqosho
Ukufaneleka kwayo kugqitywa yinto yokuba yenye yeenjini zeemarike zezabelo. Banokubangela inzuzo okanye ilahleko zifakiwe kukhuseleko nakwii-indices zemarike yemasheya. Ngokwesiqhelo unxibelelwano lungaphezulu kokucacileyo kwaye luvelise uthotho lweempawu ezinamandla ezinokukunceda ukubumba iphothifoliyo yakho. Kuxhomekeke kwiprofayili oyivelisayo ngala maxesha: ubundlongondlongo, ulondolozo okanye uphakathi. Ewe, awungekhe uyilibale idatha ekubonelela ngayo uqoqosho ukuba ufuna ukwenza iimpazamo kwimisebenzi embalwa kakhulu.
Esi sicwangciso sihluke ngokupheleleyo kuleyo iveliswe kuhlalutyo lobuchwephesha lweeasethi zemali. Ukuququzelela lo msebenzi, kuya kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uchaze ukuba zeziphi iiparameter ekufuneka uzithathele ingqalelo uninzi ukusukela ngoku. Babaluleke kakhulu ukuba ubazi ukusukela kwi Indaleko yentengiso ingeniso eguquguqukayo. Phakathi kwazo zonke, le datha ilandelayo sikuvezayo apha ngezantsi ibonakala.
Idatha yokuqala: ukunyuka kwamaxabiso
Ayikhe iqondwe kuba ibeka umgangatho wokuphila koluntu luphela. Ngale ndlela, okwangoku ukunyuka kwamaxabiso eSpain kuye kwanda kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo zika-2017 ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-1,8. Ikakhulu iveliswe kukunyuka kwamaxabiso okutya okunyanzela uxinzelelo olucacileyo ekunyukeni kwamaxabiso kuwo wonke umhlaba wesizwe. Kwelinye icala, awungekhe ulibale ukuba ezona ndaba zintle zixhomekeke ekubeni ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okusisiseko, okungaquki amaxabiso ombane kunye nokutya okungasetyenziswanga, kuhleli kweli xesha kwinqanaba elingaphezulu kwe-1,2%.
Nangona kunjalo, isebe lokuhlalutya kweBhanki libonisa ukuba amaxabiso azakuqhubeka nge2018 nge-Index yamaXabiso abaThengi (CPI) ye- + 1,7%, xa kuthelekiswa + 1,4% eqikelelwe kwikota edlulileyo. Ngayiphi na imeko, iya kuba yidatha engathathi hlangothi engayi kuchaphazela ukwenziwa kweemarike zezabelo nangayiphi na indlela. Ngaphandle kokuba akukho mmangaliso kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinambini ezizayo. Ngale ndlela, kunokuthiwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kwilizwe lethu kulawulwa. Kwaye ke ifuthe layo kwintengiso yesitokhwe lincinci.
Amanqanaba aphezulu okungaqeshwa
Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo enye yeefayile ze- Izithende ze-Achilles zoqoqosho lwaseSpain. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba kusindwa ngendlela ethile ukubuyiselwa koqoqosho lwesizwe. Nangona ingenakho ukubonakaliswa ngokuthe ngqo kukhuseleko oludweliswe kwintengiso yesizwe eqhubekayo. Ayilolize, kuyinyani ethathwa yinxalenye elungileyo yabameli bezemali belizwe lethu. Nangona naluphi na uphuculo kwimisebenzi luyamkelwa kakuhle ziimarike zemali. Kodwa ewe, ngaphandle kobunzulu obunqwenelekayo. Njengomahluko ophambili kwezinye iimarike zelizwekazi elidala.
Ewe, inqanaba lentswela-ngqesho eSpain okwangoku lihla kakhulu, ngokweedatha zamva nje ezinikezelwe yi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa Wezengqesho. Ngokukodwa, kwaye ngokubhekisele kwiinyanga ezili-12 zokugqibela, intswela-ngqesho incitshiswe ngabantu abangama-310.115, apho igcina inyanga enye ngaphezulu "inqanaba lokuncitshiswa kwangaphakathi kwama-8,34%", njengoko kucacisiwe liSebe lezeNgqesho kunye noKhuseleko lwezeNtlalo kwingxelo yakutshanje. Ngayiphi na imeko, le yenye yedatha engakhange ibonakaliswe kwii-equities zesizwe nokuba. Hayi ngokuqinisekileyo okanye ngokungalunganga. Kodwa ngaphandle kweziphumo kubatyali mali.
Ukubaluleka kweGDP
Kodwa ukuba kukho ipharamitha ukuba indlela yokuziphatha kweemarike zezemali inokwahluka, ayikho enye ngaphandle kweMveliso yaseKhaya ePheleleyo (GDP). Ngokukodwa kuba sisalathiso sokuba ilinganisa ukukhula kwelizwe. Ngophononongo rhoqo olulandelwa kwiinkcukacha ezinkulu ziiarhente zezemali ezinxulumene nezi marike. Njengoko i-GDP inyuka, iya kuvelisa ukuba iimarike zentengiso zinokuphuhlisa imeko kunye neziqinisekiso ezinkulu zempumelelo. Ewe, awungekhe ulibale xa uthenga kwaye uthengisa izabelo kwimarike yemasheya.
Okwangoku, iMveliso yaseKhaya ePheleleyo yaseSpain ihamba kwimida emxinwa kakhulu phakathi kwe-2,4% kunye ne-3%. Nangona kunjalo, iindaba ezimbi zabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi zivela kuhlaziyo olusezantsi lokuba Inkqubo yeCatalan. Kwaye ngakumbi emva kokubumba okutsha kwePalamente yaseCatalonia emva kokubanjwa konyulo ngomhla wama-21 D. Le nto ingonakalisa ukwenzeka kwenxalenye enkulu yeenkampani ezidweliswe kwimarike yemasheya. Ngokukodwa abo abavela kwicandelo lebhanki kunye nezezimali. Ungalibali ukuba awufuni ukwenza iimpazamo ukusukela ngoku.
Intlawulo yomngcipheko
Enye ipharamitha ngokusisiseko yokuvavanya ukuba lixesha lokungena kwiimarike zezabelo. Kungenxa yokuba balinganisa inkxaso-mali enokufunyanwa ngurhulumente ngamajelo asemthethweni. Ewe, ngalo mzuzu ivukile Amanqanaba amanqaku esiseko ali-115 njengesiphumo senkqubo yezentlalo nezopolitiko eCatalonia. Kwelinye icala, isivuno sebhondi yeminyaka elishumi yaseSpain inyukile ukusuka kwi-1,723 yangaphambili ukuya kwi-1,784%, elona nqanaba liphezulu ukusukela ngoMatshi. Ngelixa ngokuchaseneyo, inyambalala yaseJamani-umahluko wayo kunye namanqaku esizwe ipremiyamu yomngcipheko-ithathe indawo eyahlukileyo. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba lehlile ukusuka kwi-0,463% yangaphambili ukuya kwi-0,453%.
Ukongeza, iimarike zikazwelonke nezamazwe aphesheya ziqwalasele okunokwenzeka eMelika. Malunga nesicwangciso-qhinga sayo kumazinga enzala kunye nokuba bangakanani abatyali mali eSpain abajonga kuyo. Ngokunyuka okubonakalayo kulo nyaka sele kuqalile. Kuya kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kwinto enokwenzeka kummandla we-euro. Ayilolize, iinjongo zikamongameli we BCE Bhengeza ukurhoxa okuqhubekayo kwezishukumisi kuqoqosho loluntu. Ngayiphi na imeko, le yenye yedatha yokuba abatyali mali basekhaya baxabise kakhulu. Ngaphezulu kwezinye iindlela zobugcisa kunye neendlela ezisisiseko.
Ukungahlawulwa kwetyala laseSpain
Okokugqibela, idatha ebaluleke ngakumbi kwaye inzima ngakumbi kubatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi ukuba baqonde. Ayikho enye ngaphandle kwe-inshurensi yokungahlawulwa kwetyala laseSpain ("Ukutshintsha ngokusilela kwetyala"). Sisixa semali esothukileyo esincinci, kodwa esinefuthe elincinci kwiimarike zezemali. Ngokukodwa kuba inyukile yaya kuthi ga kwi-121.590 yeedola. Ngaphantsi kolunye uqoqosho kwindawo yethu ekufutshane. Ngayiphi na imeko, ayibonisi kakhulu ukwenza imisebenzi kwiimarike zokulingana zaseSpain.
Kukwabonakalisiwe ukuba i-European Union (i-EU) ibhalisile kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo zonyaka, ibhalisa intsalela ye-41.900 yezigidigidi zeerandi kwimali eseleyo ye-akhawunti. Ewe, le yenye yeeparameter ezichaphazela abameli bezemali. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho ngokhuseleko olukhulu. Hayi ekuthengeni kuphela, kodwa nakwintengiso. Ngovavanyo oluthembekileyo ngakumbi kunangaphambili.