Kule nto Ixesha lokuduma kwetekhnoloji Akuqhelekanga ukufumanisa ukuba inxalenye enkulu yemisebenzi yabantu ifakwe kwikhompyutha, ukusuka kwimisebenzi efana nokuthenga, ukwenza iintlawulo, phakathi kwabanye abaninzi, ngoku abantu bahlala ngakumbi kwidijithali ngaphezu kokwenyani; kodwa ukuze oku kubekhona imisebenzi yamakhompyutha yedijithali Kwakufuneka kubekho inqaku elifunekayo, ukufakwa ekhompyutheni kwemali, kwaye ngaphandle kwayo asinakho ukwenza nayiphi na le misebenzi sele ikhankanyiwe.
Ke ngeendlela ezininzi ungathetha kwi ubunyani bemali ebonakalayo kunye nemali yedijithali, kwaye ngenxa yenkqubela phambili ekhoyo, olu didi lokugqibela lwemali yedijithali lungohlulwa lube ngamacandelo amabini, imali ebonakalayo kunye nemali yokwenyani yedijithali. Ukwenza oku kube lula, masitsho ukuba kukho zemali, kwaye abanalo ixabiso elinikezelweyo okanye elilawulwa ngurhulumente, kwaye ubukho babo ngokwasemzimbeni abunakwenzeka; Kwelinye icala, sifumana imali yedijithali yokwenyani, eyiyeyona ikwiakhawunti zethu zebhanki, Oko kukuthi, le mali inokudluliselwa ngokulula kwaye inokuguqulwa ukusuka kwidijithali iye kwinyani kwisiphelo sebhanki. Kwaye ekugqibeleni siyifumana imali ebonakalayo okanye yokwenyani, Ezizizo zonke iingqekembe kunye namatyala esinokuwachukumisa.
Kodwa kuzo zonke ezahlukeneyo zamathuba esinokuthi siyifumane namhlanje sizakukhankanya into ethile, ikhadi lemali, indlela esele iqulunqiwe ukuze kulungelelaniswe iintshukumo ezininzi zabantu kunye nokuthengiselana, kwaye oko kunokwenzeka ngenxa yedijithali yemali yokwenyani, masifunde ngakumbi ngolu hlobo yamakhadi, izibonelelo zawo kunye nokusebenza kwawo.
Ikhadi lesipaji
Eli khadi lidweliswe njenge injongo yokuhlawula izinto ezininzi; Esinye sezakhiwo zale nkqubo kukuba iintlawulo ezenziwe ngolu hlobo lwekhadi kukuba ziintlawulo zexabiso eliphantsi, kodwa zisixa esikhulu kakhulu. Ngokubanzi, ezi ntlobo zeentlawulo eziphantsi zifuna i- isantya esiphezulu Ukunciphisa amaxesha enkonzo, kodwa ikwafuna amanqanaba aphezulu okhuseleko, kuba, ngenxa yexabiso lentlawulo eyenziweyo, ukufumana isiphoso kwinkqubo kunokuba nzima kakhulu.
Nje ukuba ingxaki ichongwe kakuhle, indlela ekhawulezayo nelula yokusombulula yayilwa, kwaye isiphumo sawo yaba ngamakhadi esipaji. La makhadi ngokudibeneyo nenkqubo ewagcina esebenzayo aluncedo olukhulu namhlanje.
Masibone kwaye sihlalutye ezinye zeenzuzo ukuba la makhadi avumelekile. Into yokuqala kukuba umsebenzisi aphephe imigca emininzi, oko kukuthi ukuxinana kwabantu kwiindawo zokuhlawula amaziko kuncitshisiwe kakhulu. Ngenxa yoku sifumanisa ukuba kufunyenwe ixesha elininzi elichithwe ngaphambili kwi Inkqubo yokuhlawula; Oku kuthetha ukuba ukusebenza kunye nokukhawuleza kwenkonzo yabathengi kuphezulu kakhulu.
Olunye uncedo oluziswa yile nkqubo kukuba iyakhawuleza, kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye iyasebenza kakhulu. Singayibona le mizuzu xa sisiya kwivenkile ebonakalayo kwaye sihlawule nge ikhadi lesipaji; ukusetyenziswa kwayo kulula, kodwa kuyasebenza kakhulu.
Olunye lweempawu ebezikhankanyiwe ekuqaleni kwenqaku kukhuseleko, le nkqubo ivumela ngokukhawuleza ukwenza intengiselwano ngemali ukusuka komnye umthombo ukuya komnye, kodwa oku kuqinisekisa ukuba omabini amaqela ayavuma ukuba intengiselwano iyenziwa, ke iinkqubo zokhuseleko eziye zaphunyezwa ngenjongo yokuba ne- ulawulo lolu hlobo lwentengiselwano, ke imali yethu kunye nokuthengiselana kukhuselekile ngokupheleleyo.
Kuyanceda ukulwa nenye iingxaki eziphambili kwishishini Ngexesha lokuhlawula iimveliso okanye iinkonzo zethu, kwaye kwenzeka kangaphi kuthi ukuba sinetikiti elinye lokuhlawula, kwaye abasebenzi bakhankanya ukuba abanalutshintsho, le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yidemon, yinto eqhelekileyo , kodwa yintoni ethintelweyo amakhadi esipaji, kuba inani lentengiselwano lilingana ncam nexabiso leemveliso zethu, ke le ngxaki ayikho, kwaye siyayiphepha ukuba ngale ndlela sigcinwe ebhokisini ixesha elide, ixesha apho siya kuzama ukufumana iinkozo zemali ukwazi ukugqibezela intengiselwano.
Ukongeza, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba esi sikimu sentlawulo sisebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo njengoko samkelwe ngamashishini ahlukeneyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba side sihlawule zothutho loluntu usebenzisa le nkqubo. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, zonke ezi zibonelelo ziyaqwalaselwa, kwaye zivumela ukonga okuninzi.
Ukusebenza kwayo
Indlela la makhadi asebenza ngayo a isixhobo se-elektroniki, evumela ulawulo olungqongqo kwimicimbi esiyenzayo; Le chip isebenza njengomntu ophetheyo ekuchongeni iakhawunti yethu, esiqinisekileyo ngayo ukuba yeyethu, kwaye sihlawuliswa kuphela isixa esisamkelayo.
Ke sele siyazi ukuba i-akhawunti yethu ifunyanwa njani, kodwa kuthekani ngemali? Inyani yile yokuba yinto elula kakhulu, nje ukuba sinike umqokeleli ikhadi lethu, iakhawunti yethu ichongiwe, nje ukuba oku kwenzekile, ndinokuphinda ndiyibhatale imali esiyifunayo, ukusuka kwi-euro ezimbalwa ukuya kwisixa esifunayo okanye esingavunyelwanga ivenkile, ngale ndlela intengiselwano yenziwa ngemali yokwenyani; Nangona kunokwenzeka ukuba senze intlawulo kwikhadi lethu lesipaji ngokusebenzisa i ikhadi letyala okanye ledebhithi. Ngale ndlela sinokululawula kakuhle uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwethu, sinike kuphela isixa esithile kwimveliso ethile okanye kwivenkile ethile.
Enye into ekhoyo kukuba eli khadi linxibelelene nalo ikhadi lethu letyala okanye lokuthenga, oku ukwenzela ukuba singaze siphelelwe yimali, okanye ukuba ibhalansi esinayo ayonelanga ukwenza ukuthengwa okanye ukuhlawulwa kweenkonzo ezibonelelweyo. Nangona ulawulo lwe iimali zekhadi lesipaji kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo ngokupheleleyo kuxhomekeke kumnini wekhadi.
Ikhadi lemali eSpain
Phakathi kweendidi zamakhadi esipaji akhoyo, eSpain sinokufumana oku kulandelayo:
- Okokuqala sisipaji se4B, esetyenziswa ngokukodwa yi-4B consortium, ke ukuba sifuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngokusebenza kwayo sinokucela ulwazi kwiwebhusayithi ye-consortium.
- Isipaji se-EURO 6000, eli khadi lesipaji lichazwe yi-Confederation yaseSpain yeeBhanki zoLondolozo, kwaye isiseko siseCEN WG10; Le ngxowa-mali, ngenxa yendalo yayo, iyaguquguquka kwaye yamkelwe kumaziko amaninzi, nangona kuyacetyiswa ukuba siwaqwalasele ngononophelo amagatya okusetyenziswa kunye neemeko ekufuneka sizithobele ukuba sifuna ukuyisebenzisa.
- I-VISA CASH wallet; Eli khadi lesipaji lichazwe yi-VISA, kwaye lisekwe kwi-TIBC, eyi-Smart Card yeeBhanki kunye neeBhanki zoLondolozo; Nangona kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba enye yezona ngxaki ziphambili kolu hlobo lwekhadi kukuba akukho kunxibelelana phakathi kwabo, oku kudla ngokubanzima kwimicimbi yezolawulo nakwezinye izinto ezenziweyo, nangona kunjalo iinzame ezininzi sele zenziwe ukukhuthaza ukusebenzisana ukuze kwenziwe ke yenza ukusetyenziswa kwamakhadi kube lula kakhulu kumsebenzisi.
- ii-VMEs; Eli khadi lesipaji yi-Europa kunye ne-VISA MasterCard, kwaye ngumgangatho owaqalwa yi-EMVCo, ngonyaka we-1999, eli khadi lisebenza enkosi kumbutho we-Europay, MasterCard kunye neVisa, eziziinkampani ezinkulu koko kubhekiswa kuko. Ukudluliselwa ngombane. Ukusetyenziswa okuphambili kwala makhadi kukulawula kunye nokukhuthaza iinkcukacha ezichaziweyo zezicelo, kunye neetheminali kunye namakhadi e-smart, awenzelwe ukudibanisa, kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ukuthengiselana kwala makhadi.
- I-CEPS, ezi ziiNkcazo eziqhelekileyo ze-Electronic Wallet; Lo mgangatho uqalwe yiSpanish CEPSCO, AIE, EURO Kartensysteme, Europay kunye neVisa; kwaye injongo yalo mbutho yayikukubonelela umsebenzisi ngekhadi lesipaji elisebenzisekayo kwihlabathi liphela, ke ukusetyenziswa kwalo akuphelelanga ekusebenzeni ngaphakathi kukazwelonke okanye kummandla waseYurophu. Ke ngoko, ukusebenza kwayo kakhulu kuninzi kunamanye amakhadi esiwafumana kwimarike.
Akukho mathandabuzo ukuba le nkqubo yinto entsonkothileyo efuna umsebenzi omninzi kwinxalenye ye maziko e zemali angenelele ekudalweni kwayo, kwaye kukuba le nkqubo ikwazi ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo kuphuhliso lobuchwephesha kunye nolungiselelo, ukuze yonke into ekhankanywe apha ngasentla inikwe umsebenzisi.
Sebenzisa elinye lala makhadi Kuluncedo olukhulu, kuba ikwenza kube lula ukuhlawula, ukongeza ekusivumeleni ukuba silawule ngakumbi iindleko zethu ezincinci esizenzayo rhoqo, kwaye oku kuyakusivumela ukuba sibe nemali esempilweni kakhulu, siphucule intsebenzo yethu nendlela yethu yokuphila ngeendlela besingakhange siqwalasele ngaphambili.