ukuba umhlala-phantsi eSpain ngokupheleleyo kwaye uhlawulise igalelo lomhlala-phantsi, efumana igama layo kuba isuselwe kwi Imirhumo yoKhuseleko lweNtlalo hayi iskimu sentlalontle, abantu abafuna ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi kufuneka bahlangabezane neemeko ezine ezisisiseko:
- Nxulumana noKhuseleko lweNtlalo
- Ufikelele kubuncinane beminyaka yobudala yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi, engama-67 ubudala, okanye engama-65 ukuba ube negalelo kwiminyaka engama-38 nesiqingatha
- Ndenze igalelo ubuncinci iminyaka eli-15
- Ukuba kwimeko ethile efuna umhlalaphantsi ngokwemigangatho esekwe ngumthetho
Malunga nenqaku lokuqala, kunyanzelekile unxulunyaniswe noKhuseleko lweNtlalo kweminye imimandla yolawulo ecamngciweyo, zombini ulawulo jikelele, ulawulo olukhethekileyo lolwandle kunye nolwezemigodi okanye olo lwabasebenzi abaziqeshileyo, ukubala nje abambalwa.
Abo baya kuba ngabaxhamli abantu ababandakanyiwe kwiRegime Jikelele, abadibeneyo nabhalisiweyo. Umthetho ukwamisela ukuba abasebenzi, ngomhla womsitho obangela umhlala-phantsi, ababhaliswanga, ukuba nje bayakufikelela kubudala kunye neemfuno zokufaka ezazimiswa ngumthetho ngaphambili, baya kuba ngabaxhamli. Ndiyathetha, yiba nje inxulumene nenkqubo ngolunye uhlobo.
Ubuncinane beminyaka yobudala iya kuba yiminyaka engama-67 ngonyaka wama-2027 kodwa kude kube lelo xesha, ulawulo lotshintsho lusekwe ukusukela nge-1 Januwari 2016. Ulawulo luthi luqala kwiminyaka engama-65 ubudala kwaye lulibazise umhla wokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kwinqanaba lenyanga nganye rhoqo emva kweshumi elinambini, ukusukela ngo-2013 ukuya ku-2018, kunye neenyanga ezimbini ngonyaka ukusukela ngokulandelayo. 2018 ukuya kunyaka ka-2027. Ke, kude kube kubudala beminyaka engama-67. Ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi kuya kuvunyelwa kwakhona kubemi abaneminyaka engama-65 ukuba nje banegalelo ubuncinci kwiminyaka eyonyukayo ukusuka kuma-35 ukuya kuma-38 anesiqingatha seminyaka ngo-2027 ekhula ngokunxulumene Ikota enye ngonyaka.
Umhlala-phantsi wam uza kufikelela kowuphi ubudala?
Ngo-2018 abo baneminyaka engama-65 kunye neenyanga ezi-6 ubudala baya kuba nakho ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi kwaye ngo-2019 abo baneminyaka engama-65 kunye neenyanga ezisibhozo ubudala. Ke kude kube ngo-2027 iminyaka ifikelela kwiminyaka engama-67.
Iminyaka eli-15 lelona xesha lincinci elidwelisiweyo, ekufuneka ubenakho ukufumana ipenshoni enegalelo ubomi bakho bonke. Oko kukuthi, iintsuku ezingama-5.475 zidweliswe ukuze ube yityala. Ukongeza, kuya kufuneka ube neminyaka emibini ubuncinci igalelo kwisithuba seminyaka eli-15 edlulileyo ngelixesha ilungelo laliveliswa, oko bakubiza ngokuba kukusilela okufanelekileyo okanye okuthe ngqo.
Oku kuthetha ukuba, ukuba umntu ebenegalelo elingaphantsi kweminyaka eli-15 kubomi bakhe bonke, okanye ukuba ebenegalelo kwiminyaka eli-15, kodwa ezimbini kwezi zazingekho phakathi kwiminyaka eli-15 edlulileyo xa uthatha umhlala-phantsi, ukwenza umzekelo, ukusukela kwiminyaka engama-52 ngo-2027, xa iminyaka yobudala yomhlalaphantsi esemthethweni izakuba ngama-67, uyakuphulukana nelungelo onokuthi ulifumane lokufumana ipenshoni yakho, nangona uza kuba nethuba lokufumana Uhlobo lomhlala-phantsi kwiimeko ezithile ezithile.
Ngokomthetho ka unelungelo lokuthatha umhlalaphantsi, kufuneka uphumelele "isiganeko esiyimbangela". Le nyaniso inokuba:
- Umhla apho umsebenzi egqibezela umsebenzi wakhe, ekwinqanaba eliphezulu kuKhuseleko lweNtlalo.
- Mhla umsebenzi angenisa isicelo sakhe, kwiimeko ezifanayo nokubhalisa kuKhuseleko lwezeNtlalontle, ngaphandle kwezimbini kuphela:
- Kwimeko yekhefu elinyanzelekileyo, umhla apho isikhundla esivelise ukwamkelwa siyaphela
- Kwimeko apho ufuduke eSpain, mhla wawugqiba umsebenzi wakho njengomqeshwa.
- Umhla wokufakwa kwesicelo, kwiimeko ezingabhaliswanga.
Lo nyaka ulayishwe ngohlaziyo olutsha kunye neenguqu kumanani afunyanwa ngabemi kwimhlala-phantsi yabo, kunye neemfuno ezintsha ukufikelela kumhlala-phantsi. Ukusukela nge-1 kaJanuwari, ngaphezulu kwesigidi se-8,5 sabemi abanepenshoni, bafumana ukonyuka kwezixa zabo, ze-0,25%, ubuncinci obubekwe ngumthetho wepenshini.
Unyaka okhoyo ngumnyaka wesibini apho omtsha Isalathiso soVavanyo, oku kubandakanya ukulungiswa kweepenshini. Ngokunyuka okusetyenzisiweyo kulo nyaka, ukonyuka kuya kuba ngama-2,5 euros ngenyanga. Kwaye ubuncinci bepenshini yomhlala phantsi, eyi-600 euro, ukunyuka kuya kuba yi-1,5 euro. Ngale pesenti inyukile, elona xabiso liphezulu lomhlala-phantsi elinokufunyanwa ngumhlala phantsi yi-2.567 euros ngenyanga.
Abo bantu badla umhlala-phantsi bayakuyeka ukufumana umvuzo ukubuyekeza ukuphambuka kwe-CPI, eyayiqhele ukubonwa kwiminyaka engaphambi kwengxaki yezoqoqosho.
Isalathiso soVavanyo
El Isalathiso soVavanyo, Yiyo leyo Into echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umvuzo wabantu abadla umhlala-phantsi Sisalathiso esintsonkothileyo esiqwalasele ukubalwa kwayo, izinto ezinje ngesixa somhlala-phantsi ngenxa yempembelelo yokufaka endaweni yawo, umahluko phakathi kwepenshini erhoxisiweyo kunye nezo zingena kwinkqubo, inani labadla umhlala-phantsi, irhafu yengeniso yabemi kunye nenkcitho yepenshini. Kuhlala kuhloselwe ukuba uhlaziyo lilinganiselwe kuhlahlo-lwabiwo mali kumjikelo wonke. Ngamanye amagama, amaxesha oxinzelelo lwezoqoqosho aya kulungiswa ngamathuba okwandiswa kwemisebenzi yezoqoqosho.
Le fomyula inemida emibini kuphela:
- Ukuhlaziywa okuncinci okuqinisekisiweyo kwe-0,25% ngonyaka ukunqanda loo nto, kwimeko ethile, njengale yangoku, ipenshoni iyawa kwaye kukho ukunyuka okuphezulu kwi-CPI
- Enye i-0,5% ekufuneka isetyenzisiwe ngexesha lokunyuka kwezoqoqosho.
Gcina inkqubo efanayo, kodwa kunye notshintsho oluthile
Kunyaka-mali okhoyo ngoku kukho utshintsho olutsha kwi - iimfuno zokuba ube ngumgqatswa wepenshoni, Ukuthobela uhlengahlengiso lwepenshini, kuvunyelwene ukusukela ngo-2013, enyanzelisa abaseSpain ukuba basebenze iminyaka engaphezulu kwaye baqokelele ipenshini encinci, njengeefomula zokugcina inkqubo yoKhuseleko lweNtlalontle iqhubekile, ethe yashukunyiswa yingxaki eyavelayo. kunabaxhasi abangama-3,7 ezigidi.
Olu hlengahlengiso ekuvunyelwene ngalo ngo-2013 luye lwalibazisa ngokuthe ngcembe iminyaka yokugqibela ukuze bakwazi ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi kubasebenzi baseSpain, abazakufikelela kwiminyaka engama-67 ngo-2027. Ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi kulo nyaka umiyo kufuneka ube neminyaka engama-65 neenyanga ezine ubudala ukubangabatyali kumhlalaphantsi. Kude kube ngowama-2018, iminyaka yobudala yomhlala-phantsi iya kukhula ngokuqhubekayo kwinyanga enye ngonyaka, kwaye emva ko-2018 iyakonyuka ngeenyanga ezimbini ngonyaka kude kube ngu-2027 xa kusayinwa isivumelwano esitsha.
Ukuze ukwazi ukufikelela kwipenshini Kuya kufuneka ubuneminyaka engama-35 ubuncinci, kwaye kwikota nganye engaphambi kweminyaka yobudala yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi, uyakufumana isohlwayo esiqhubekayo kwipenshini, ephuma kwi-2% yento esekwe kumgaqo wolawulo, ukuba kudweliswe iminyaka engaphantsi kwama-38,5, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1,625% ukuba idwelisiwe ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-44,5.
Ukulibaziseka ukufikelela kumhlala-phantsiOku sele kuchaziwe apha ngasentla kunemiqathango ethile ukuze bangonzakalisi abasebenzi abasele befumene ubomi obude bokusebenza, banegalelo kuKhuseleko lweNtlalo, banokuqhubeka nokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ngomhlala-phantsi wabo ngokupheleleyo beneminyaka engama-65 ubudala, ukuba nje banikezele iminyaka engama-36 okanye nangaphezulu.
Isizukulwana esidla umhlala-phantsi kulo nyaka, Waqala ukusebenza esemncinci, ke ngoko, uqokelela iminyaka emininzi yegalelo kwinkqubo. Kodwa ingxaki enzima iya kuba yile ijongene nolutsha lwanamhlanje, oluhlala luqala ukunikela kamva kunakubazali babo.
ukuba abasebenzi abaneminyaka engama-65 ubudala okanye ngaphezulu, ipenshoni yakho ixhomekeke kwisixa semithetho esisiseko kunye nepesenti oyakuyifumana kwipenshini ngokuxhomekeke kwinani leminyaka yemirhumo:
Iminyaka yemirhumo Ipesenti yepensheni yesiseko solawulo
- Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu
- Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu 53
- Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe 56
- Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo 59
- Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesithoba 62
- Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini anesithandathu
- Kumashumi mabini ananye 68
- Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini anesibini 71
- Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini anesithathu 74
- Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini anesine engama-77
- Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini anesihlanu engama-80
- Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini anesithandathu 82
- Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini anesixhenxe i-84
- Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini anesibhozo i-86
- Ngamashumi amabini anesithoba 88
- Kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu anesithoba
- Kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu ananye 92
- Kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu anesibini 94
- Kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu anesithathu ubudala 96
- Kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu anesine ubudala. 98
- Kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu anesihlanu okanye ngaphezulu kwe-100
Ukusukela ngo-2013, ixesha lavulwa kwade kwangowama-2022 apho ixesha lomrhumo elifunekayo ukubala ipenshini liya kukhula ngokuqhubekayo ukusuka kwiminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-25. Kunyaka ngamnye oqala ngo-2013, unyaka omnye uya kongezwa kude kube kule minyaka ingama-25 ikhankanywe apha ngasentla.
Kungenxa yesi sizathu le nto ubunzima bokuthatha umhlala-phantsi buye bunyanzeleka ukuba buthwale uqoqosho kwaye kunzima ngakumbi ukufikelela kubemi baseSpain.