Iitshipsi eziluhlaza lelinye lawona maqela achaphazelekayo kwimarike yemasheya kwaye zimele iinkampani ezinobunzima obukhethekileyo kwiindices zemarike yemasheya. Kungenxa yokuba xa sibhekisa kweli qela likhethiweyo sithetha ngento engekho ngaphantsi kwexabiso lenkwenkwezi kwiimarike zezemali. Amaxabiso abonakaliswa ngaphezulu kwako konke ngozinzo olukhulu lwendibaniselwano kwaye nangenxa yokuba abonisa a inqanaba eliphezulu lokuhlawula amatyala. Ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba zezona zihambisa ezona zihloko kuzo zonke iiseshoni zorhwebo. Ngevolumu yesivumelwano ngaphezulu kwako konke okunye. Ukusebenza njengendawo ekubhekiswa kuyo kwinxalenye elungileyo yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi.
Kuzo zonke ezi zizathu, iichips ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka ayililo iqela elikhulu kakhulu lamaxabiso. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, kuyehla kwiinkampani ezifanelekileyo ze-equity. Ngale ndlela, kwaye ngokubhekisele kwisalathiso esikhethiweyo sentengiso yaseSpain, i-Ibex 35, iitshipsi eziluhlaza zimelwe ziinkampani zezihlunu zezemali BBVA, Banco Santander, Inditex, Telefónica kunye neIberdrola. Oko kukuthi, ukhuseleko olunexabiso lentengiso eliphezulu kwaye elonwabela ukuzithemba kwenxalenye enkulu yabatyali mali.
Elinye lawona mahlelo abo aqhelekileyo kukuba bane umthamo omkhulu wokugaya abantu, ngaphezulu kwe-avareji. Yonke imihla inani lezabelo liphezulu kwaye liyathengiswa kwaye akukho ngxaki ekwenzeni imisebenzi. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu, kuba kuhlala kukho abathengi kunye nabathengisi abaya kuqinisekisa intshukumo yabatyali mali. Akukho zingxaki zokurhintyelwa kwizikhundla zabo, njengoko kunjalo nakwezinye izikhuselo ezinokuthengiswa okuncinci. Njengoko ubona, kulula kakhulu ukubona eli qela likhulu lezabelo zaseSpain.
Iichips eziBlue: ubunkokeli kwiqela
Kude kube yiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, eli candelo lemarike yemasheya belikhokelwa yiTelefonica. Kodwa kwiinyanga nje ezidlulileyo kuye kwakho umahluko kwinqanaba lokuba Inditex kwinkampani enexabiso eliphezulu lemarike yemasheya eSpain. Ayothusi into yokuba inkampani esekwe ngu-Amancio Ortega ixabise i-91.380 yezigidi zeerandi. Ukuba yenye yeentsika zotyalo mali, ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwemida yethu. Ngale ndlela, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba le nkampani eyolukiweyo ithathe indawo yeoyile yeRapsol njengenye yeetshipsi eziluhlaza. Ngenxa yokuba i-blues nayo iyahlaziywa kwaye ihlaziywa njengoko kwenzekile namalungu e-Ibex 35.
Kwelinye icala, ezinye izinto ezibizwa ngokuba ziiSpanish blue chips bubukho bazo obomeleleyo kwizabelo zaseYurophu. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokudityaniswa kwezona zinto zimele isalathiso sesitokhwe njenge I-Eurostoxx 50 kunye neenkampani ezidweliswe kakuhle kwilizwekazi elidala. Zizinto ezixabisekileyo ezivusa ingqalelo, kungekuphela kubatyali mali basekhaya, kodwa nakwezinye iindawo zoqoqosho. Akumangalisi ke ngoko ukuba bayinxalenye yeepotfoliyo zotyalo-mali ezenziwe zezona nkampani zibalulekileyo zolawulo emhlabeni.
Ukuzinza kwamaxabiso
Kodwa ukuba la maxabiso akhethekileyo ahlukile ngento ethile, kungenxa yokuba abonisa uzinzo olukhulu ekwakhiweni kwamaxabiso abo. Ngokufanelekileyo, ukungazinzi akufikeleli kumanqanaba agqithisileyo, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo akukho mahluko ugqithisileyo phakathi kwamaxabiso aphezulu kunye neyona isezantsi. Ubuncinci ngexesha lenxalenye elungileyo yeeseshoni zokurhweba. Ngale ndlela, umtyalomali omncinci nophakathi unokuqiniseka ukuba amaxabiso abo awazukuhla kumgangatho ongathandekiyo kwiimarike zezabelo.
Enye into yohlalutyo kwiitshipsi eziluhlaza kukuba azibonisi umohluko omkhulu ngokubhekisele kwii-indices zazo. Oko kukuthi, baziphinda ezi zinto ngokulinganisa okuhle. Ke ukuba i-Ibex 35 inyuka nge-1%, oko kuthetha ukuba la maxabiso aya kuhamba phantsi kwemida efanayo kumaxabiso abekwe ziimarike zezemali. Akukho mahluko ubonakalayo kodwa isimilo sabo sihlala sihamba kumgca omnye. Makube kwiindlela eziya phezulu njengokuya ezantsi, ngaphandle kwalo naliphi na inqanaba lokukhetha. Yinto echaza ezi zindululo kwaye unokuzibona ngokukhawuleza kwimarike yemasheya.
Kulandelwe abalamli
Ziye zaphawulwa ngenxa yokuba zikhuselekile ezilandelwa ziiarhente zezemali ukuzidibanisa kwiphothifoliyo yazo yezokhuseleko. Kodwa banayo ukulandelela ukusebenza kwabo kwimarike yemasheya kunye nexabiso ekujoliswe kulo linikezelwe ukukhokela abatyali mali ekwenzeni imisebenzi yabo. Ngokuphononongwa kokulindelweyo ngokusekwe kwiziphumo zeshishini ezithiwe thaca rhoqo ngekota yonyaka. Enye yeziphumo zezi zenzo kukuba uya kuhlala unolwazi ngakumbi ngokuthelekiswa nolunye ukhuseleko olungenzi iklabhu ekhethiweyo kwimarike yemasheya.
Ukongeza, enye yeenzuzo ezifanelekileyo zeetshipsi zeblue kukuba zinjalo zikhona kwiingxowa mali ngokusekwe kwizabelo zaseSpain. Akukho mfuneko yokuthenga nokuthengisa izabelo kwimarike yemasheya, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo unokuwanelisa lo mnqweno ngale mveliso yemali. Ngolwahlulo olukhulu ngokwenziwa kunye nezinye iiasethi zemali. Ayisiyiyo kuphela kwii-equity, kodwa ikwavela nakwingeniso esisigxina okanye kwezinye iindlela zokhetho Into engenzekiyo kukhuseleko olunamanzi oluncinci.
Hlawula isahlulelo esiphezulu
Elinye lamagalelo okhuselo abizwa ngokuba zii-chips eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kukuba bahambisa isahlulo esibaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwabanini zabelo. Kunye isivuno esisigxina nesonyaka aphakathi kwe-4% kunye ne-6% malunga. Ngentlawulo enokubakho ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo: ngonyaka okanye semi-ngonyaka kwaye eya kuya kwiakhawunti yakho yokutshekisha ngemihla eyenziwe ngayo. Esi sisicwangciso esikhethekileyo sokwenza ingeniso emiselweyo ngaphakathi kokwahlukileyo. Ngaphandle kokuvela kwayo kwiimarike zemali. Ngenxa yoko, zonke ezi nkampani zivelisa inzuzo kwaye zisasaza phakathi kwabanini zabelo.
Iitshipsi eziluhlaza zengeniso eyahlukileyo zezo zisasaza lo mvuzo ngenzuzo enkulu. Ngaphezulu kwezinye iinkampani ezidwelisiweyo ezibaluleke ngokukodwa kwisalathiso esikhethiweyo sentengiso yeSpanish. Ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba baninzi abatyali mali abaya kula maxabiso kuphela kuhanjiso lwale bhonasi. Kungenxa yokuba ngayo ibhegi yokonga yenzelwe ixesha eliphakathi nelide. Ngaphandle kwezinye iindlela ezinobundlobongela. Ngale ndlela, esi sicwangciso sinokusetyenziselwa ukungenisa iimodeli zotyalo-mali ezikhuselayo.
Ixesha elimiselweyo lotyalo-mali
Usenokungayazi, kodwa ezi ntlobo zexabiso zisebenza ngakumbi kwifayile ye- ixesha elide lokuhlala. Kuba ngale ndlela, ukwimeko yokuqokelela uhlaziyo olunokubakho kumaxabiso abo. Ngayiphi na imeko, aziboniswanga ekusebenzeni kwendalo eqikelelweyo ngenxa yokuba amaxabiso okonyuka kwamaxabiso awaphakamanga ngokugqithileyo. Njengakwimisebenzi yangaphakathi okanye yintoni enye, eqhutywa kwiseshoni enye yokuthengisa. Ayothusi into yokuba ixesha lokusisigxina likwathatha isigqibo sokufumana izabelo zeli qela libaluleke kakhulu kwii-equity zaseSpain.
Kwelinye icala, awungekhe ulibale ukuba la maxabiso ahlala enenzuzo enkulu ukukhuthaza a ngokuqinisekileyo ibhegi yokonga ezinzileyo. Ukuba awufuni kothuswa kukubi kule minyaka izayo, enye yeendlela onokuthi ukhethe kuzo ukusukela ngoku ngamaxabiso adityaniswe kwiitshipsi eziluhlaza. Ukongeza ekuzinzeni kakhulu, bakunika ukubuya okungaguquguqukiyo minyaka le. Ngayiphi na imeko, licebo elihle lokubagcina kwiphothifoliyo ngaphandle kweengxaki ezininzi. Kwixesha elide uya kuhlala unomdla kwimali oyigcinileyo.
Izibonelelo zolu khetho
Ukuba ukhetha naliphi na kula maxabiso, kuya kufuneka wazi eminye yemirhumo eya kuthi ikunikeze kwisicwangciso sakho sotyalo-mali. Ngaphandle kokusebenza okokuthi ekugqibeleni ufumane kwizikhundla zabo. Phakathi kwezi zinto zilandelayo
- Inika enkulu uzinzo kwizikhundla zakho njengomtyali mali ophakathi kwaye kude neentshukumo zokuqikelela ezinomngcipheko ogqithileyo.
- Imalunga namaxabiso nge amatyala aphezulu Amashishini aseSpain kwaye ke awuyi kuba neengxaki zokuvula izikhundla nanini na.
- Awuyi kuba nemingcipheko ngenxa yokugqithisa ukuguquguquka ekwenziweni kwamaxabiso abo ukusukela ngokuhla okukhulu kubo ayisiyiyo enye yeedinomineyitha zabo.
- Zizixabiso ezikhoyo kwizikhundla zotyalo-mali ezibaluleke kakhulu iimali zamanye amazwe, nkqu nakwindawo ebonakalayo.
- Mela amacandelo obuchule kuqoqosho lwesizwe ngokusebenzisa imigca ehlanganisiweyo yeshishini kunye nezibonelelo kwiziphumo zazo.
- Su umthamo wekhontrakthi Le yenye yezona ziphezulu kwizalathiso ezikhethiweyo zokulingana kweSpain, kunye nokuthengisa okuphezulu kwezokhuseleko kuzo zonke iiseshoni zokurhweba.
- Kuzo zonke iimeko zinentsebenzo ephawulekayo ngu isahlulo, ngomyinge ophakathi we-5%, ngaphezulu kwengeniso yengeniso esisigxina.
- Abaqheleki ukubakho inzuzo yomelele kakhulu, kodwa ukwehla kwabo akubonakali kakhulu kule minyaka idlulileyo.
- Baziphinda iintshukumo zee-indices zabo, kule meko Ibex 35 kulapho onke la maxabiso adityanisiweyo.