Into ebonakala ngathi ayinakucingelwa kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo iyinyani: ukuthengiswa kweFed kunye neECB kuyivulile indlela ukunyuka okutsha kwiimarike zezabelo zamanye amazwe. Emva kokuba ezinye iimali zase-US zixele kwangaphambili ukuba uqoqosho lwase-US luza kungena kuqoqosho, uluvo lwabo luye lwatshintsha kakhulu kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba apho ngoku kubonisiwe ukuba zininzi izizathu zokuba nethemba kwaye le mvakalelo iqhubile kwiimarike zezemali.
Olu tshintsho lukhulu kuluvo lubangelwe sisizathu esinamandla sesokuba iFederal Reserve yase-United States of America (FED) izakufaka i-900 yezigidigidi zeedola kwinxalenye entle yalo nyaka. Isixa esifanelekileyo esikhokelele uxinzelelo lokuthenga ezingxoweni unyanzelisa yena ngokucacileyo okukhulu kumthengisi. Kodwa ikwakhona ukuba iibhanki ezinkulu ezisembindini zitofa imali enkulu kwintengiso yezemali. Ngeziphumo ezibonwayo kwezi ntsuku kwii-indices eziphambili zesitokhwe kwihlabathi liphela.
Kwelinye icala, abalamli abahlukeneyo bezemali banethemba ngokucacileyo malunga nokuziphatha kweemarike zentengiso. Oko kukuthi, kukho imali eninzi yokwenza imisebenzi ngezi asethi zemali kwaye kubonakala ngathi okwangoku kukho intambo okwexeshana, ubuncinci ngonyaka we-2020. Apho ukumangaliswa kunokuvela kunyuka kwiimarike zamashishini ezabelo zamazwe ngamazwe. Ngoku kuhlala kusaziwa kuphela ukuba le meko ibalulekileyo iya kunyuswa.
I-Fed kunye ne-ECB inyusa intengiso yeestokhwe
Alithandabuzeki elokuba singaya kwezinye iiveki zegolide ukulungiselela umdla wabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi ngenxa yokunyuka okuqhubekekayo kwicandelo lemarike yemasheya. Ngenxa yokuba inaliti yokuthengiswa kwemali kwiimarike ze-equity izisa ukuthengwa okutsha kwaye ke umthetho wokubonelela kunye nemfuno ukhuthaza amaxabiso ezabelo. Ngokukodwa, i-Ibex 35 ihambe kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukusuka kumanqaku ayi-9000 ukuya kuma-9500, okuthethe ukuba ukuphinda kujongwe kufutshane ne-10%. Kwinto enokuthi ithathelwe ingqalelo njengotsalo olutsha oluya phezulu olunokuthi lusondele kwinqanaba lezengqondo elinamanqaku ayi-10.000 kwaye inokuba linqanaba lokususa izikhundla kolu rhwebo lwezezimali.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, kufuneka sinyanzelise ukuba inyani yokuba iFed kunye neECB zikhuthaza iimarike zentengiso zizinto ezinokukunceda, ubuncinci kwixesha elifutshane. Ngokusebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwaye ngaphezulu kwako konke okulawulwa kakuhle, kwisithuba sexesha nakwi ukuvela kwamaxabiso abo. Ukuze ekugqibeleni ufumane ubuncinci beenzuzo zokuzonwabisa onokonwaba ngazo kwiakhawunti yethu yokonga ukusukela ngoku. Nangona iphantsi konxweme olungafunekiyo ngokugqithileyo kwiziphumo zabo.
Uninzi lwamaxabiso axhamlileyo
Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, kukho uthotho lokhuselo lwempahla oluxhamla ngaphezulu kunabanye ngokufakwa inkunkuma yiFED kunye neECB ukukhulisa iimarike zamasheya zamanye amazwe ngokubhekisele kubulungisa baseSpain. Ngokuchanekileyo zezona zinoburharha okanye ezijikelezayo eziye zonyuka kakhulu ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kwale meko. Ngokunyuka kweseshoni efanayo yokuthengisa enokubakho ngokugqibeleleyo ngaphezulu kwe-3% kwaye inokusetyenziselwa ukwenza imisebenzi ebizwa ngokuba yi-intraday okanye yenziwa kwangolo suku lunye. Kwesinye seziphumo zokuqala eziye zaveliswa ukusukela ngoku kungena kwemali kwiimarike zezemali.
Kuya kugxininiswa ukuba oku kulungiswa kwemali okwangoku kwiimarike kunceda iinkampani ezininzi ezidwelisiweyo zoyisa uninzi lokuchasana nokuqina okuthile ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Apho unokukhulisa khona amacandelo anyukayo abalulekileyo avumela ukuphononongwa phakathi kwe-5% kunye ne-10% ngokomndilili. Ngexesha apho ixabiso lemali likummandla ongathandekiyo, ngenqanaba lenzala le-0% kwaye evumela iimveliso zebhanki ukuba zivelise ingeniso kwintshukumo yabo yemihla ngemihla. Njengokuba kusenzeka kwiidipozithi zebhanki zexesha elimiselweyo ezinganikeli ngenkuthazo yokufumana ikhontrakthi kwezi ntsuku.
Izicwangciso zokuphuhlisa
Eyona ngxaki iphambili kule uptrend kukuba mhlawumbi sikhe safika emva kwexesha ukuthatha izikhundla. Ngabatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi kuphela abangene kwiimarike zezabelo abaya kuba nakho ukwenza inzuzo ngokulondolozwa kwabo ukoneliseka ngokupheleleyo ngumdla wabo. Ukongeza, ayinakulityalwa ukuba ngalo mzuzu amaxabiso kwimarike yesizwe yesitokhwe ingaphezulu kokubamba kunokuthenga. Kunye Ingeniso eyinkunzi kwipotfoliyo yezokhuseleko esinokulawula kuzo naziphi na izicwangciso zotyalo-mali esizicwangcisileyo. Nokuba unokhetho lokwenyani lokulahla izikhundla phambi kwento enokwenzeka kwiimarike zemali.
Esinye sezicwangciso zotyalo-mali esinokuzenza ukusukela ngoku ukuya phambili yile inento yokwenza nendlela ejolise kwixesha eliphakathi kwaye ingakumbi ixesha elide. Oko kukuthi, ukuyila utshintshiselwano lokonga ngendlela ezinze ngakumbi kwaye enokuqiniswa kukusasazwa kwezahlulelo ezinikezelwa ziinkampani ezithile ezidweliswe kwimarike yesizwe eqhubekayo. Ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba ababonelela ngalo inzuzo emiselweyo eqingqiweyo kwaye iqinisekiswe nge-5%. Ngomrhumo ohlawulelweyo onokuba ngekota, kabini ngenyanga okanye ngonyaka. Ngeepesenti, njengakwimeko ethile yeenkampani zombane, ezinokufikelela kwinqanaba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8%. Akukho asethi yemali ngeli xesha ibonelela ngomvuzo kubarhwebi abathengisayo.
Ubude bezi ntshukumo
Nangona kunjalo, elinye lamathandabuzo eliphakanyiswe yinxalenye enkulu yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi kukuba le nkqubo yokubonelelwa ngemali yiFED kunye neECB iza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani. Ewe, ngale ngqiqo yonke into ibonakala ibonisa ukuba izakuhlala ubuncinci kulo nyaka, ngelixa kulandelayo kungakho utshintsho kwi umgaqo-mali kwelinye icala elinye iAtlantic. Kwelinye icala, xa le meko intsha isenzeka, ayothusi into yokuba kukho ukuwa okubalulekileyo kwiimarike zokulingana kwihlabathi liphela. Apho ukuthengiswa kwemali kwizikhundla zethu kuya kuba sesona sicwangciso-mali silungileyo esinokusiphumeza.
Elinye iqhinga lotyalo-mali lisekwe ekukhetheni izitokhwe ezikhuselayo. Azinangeniso njengabanye, kodwa ubuncinci zigcina indaleko ezinzileyo ekuhambeni kweenyanga kunye nokusasazwa kwesahlulelo esingaqhelekanga esinokusinika imali ethe kratya kwiakhawunti yokonga. La maxabiso esitokhwe ayenzelwanga ukwenza ingeniso enkulu, kodwa kukufezekisa ubuncinci benzuzo minyaka le nalapho unokulwa khona nokunyuka kwamaxabiso okwenzekayo ngalo mzuzu. Umzekelo, iinkampani zombane, amandla okanye oohola bendlela. Ziyathandwa ngabatyali mali abazikhuselayo okanye abonga.
Imbonakalo ye-2020
Yonke into ibonakala ibonisa ukuba le yimeko yokufakwa kwenaliti nge-FED kwaye i-ECB iya kuqhubeka kwiinyanga ezizayo. Ubuncinci ngexesha lokuqala kwayo, njengoko bekutshiwo kunxibelelwano lwale mibutho yamanye amazwe. Ngale ndlela, sinokuzola kwizikhundla zethu kwiimarike zezabelo, kokubini kuzwelonke nangaphandle kwemida yethu. Kwaye inokusetyenziselwa ukwenza ukuba imali yethu yotyalo-mali izuze inzuzo ngayo iziqinisekiso ezipheleleyo zempumelelo. Esi sicwangciso sotyalo-mali sinokwenziwa ngokusesikweni kubhejo kuwo onke amacandelo emarike yemasheya, nangona ihlala ikwixesha elifutshane lokusisigxina kunesiqhelo kwezi meko.
Into ekufuneka ixabiswe ngeli xesha kukuba inxulunyaniswa nokunyakaza okujikelezayo kuba inokubonakala ngathi iyaxhamla kwezi ntshukumo. Ngokunyuka ngokuthe nkqo ngokuthe gabalala kunakwimeko eseleyo kwaye ngokulula kungadlula kwinzuzo ye-10%. Nangona ngokuchaseneyo, amanqanaba emali yokuhlawulwa kwemali alawulwa ngabalamli bezezimali bakwelona nqanaba lisezantsi kule minyaka mi-6 idlulileyo.
Ngokuchasene noko kwenzekayo ngokuthengwa kunye nokuthengiswa kwezabelo kwimarike yemasheya. Ngokwahlukileyo ekufuneka kuhlolisiswe ngalo mzuzu kanye wotyalo-mali lokucwangcisa, kulo naluphi na uhlobo lwesicwangciso kulawulo lwabo. Kungenxa yokuba iziphumo ngokuqinisekileyo ziya kwahluka kwindlela eya kwenye. Kwaye yingxaki ekufuneka siyisombulule kwezi ntsuku kuba yenye yeenjongo zethu eziphambili ukusukela ngoku. Ithini imeko entsha kwicandelo lotyalo-mali kunye nobudlelwane nemali. Apho ukuthengiswa kwemali kwizikhundla zethu kuya kuba sesona sicwangciso-mali silungileyo esinokusiphumeza.