Abatyalomali bayayijonga Isalathiso sikaRussell 2000, kodwa kunokuba yindlela elungileyo yokongeza iyantlukwano kwipotifoliyo. I-Russell 2000, eyaziwa njenge-RUT, sisalathiso somgangatho olandelela ezinye Ama-2.000 eenkampani ezincinci. Iingcali zithi abanye abatyali mali abayihoyanga le index, njengoko isitokhwe sayo sihlala siguquguquka ngakumbi. Kodwa kunokubakho imivuzo ngeenkampani ezincinci.
"Amasheya amancinci kufuneka abandakanywe kuyo nayiphi na ipotifoliyo enezinto ezahlukeneyo," utshilo u-Justin Halverson, umseki-mbumbano weGreat Waters Financial, inkampani ecwangcisa ezemali eseMinneapolis. "Iimpahla ezincinci zenkampani ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-US ngokubanzi ziye zagqithisa ukugcinwa kweenkampani ezinkulu ngokuhamba kwexesha."
Yintoni uRussell 2000?
I-Russell 2000, esekwe kwi-1984, yenziwe ngu iinkampani ezincinci Ukusukela kwiimali zentengiso eziphakathi kwe- $ 300 yezigidi kunye ne- $ 2 yezigidigidi. Izabelo kwiRussell 2000 zimiselwa minyaka le yi-FTSE Russell, eyahlula ama-3.000 1000 ezona zikhulu zikhulu kwimakethi yase-US kwiRussell 1.000, ibhasikithi yezona sitokhwe zinkulu zili-2000 2.000, kunye ne-Russell XNUMX, izitokhwe ezincinci ezingama-XNUMX XNUMX.
"URussell 1000 ugubungela malunga neepesenti ezingama-90 zentengiso yase-US ngexabiso elipheleleyo, ngelixa i-Russell 2000 igubungela iipesenti ezili-10 ezizayo," utshilo uHalverson.
Ukwahluka ngakumbi kune-S & P 500, ukubamba okuphezulu kwi-10 ka-Russell 2000 kwiipesenti ezi-3 kuphela zesalathiso xa kuthelekiswa ne-S & P 500, apho i-10 ephezulu yokubamba ibamba ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-20.
Ukusukela kwisitokhwe esincinci ikakhulu ziinkampani ezizinze eUnited States"Ukuboniswa kokukhula kwehlabathi kunye nemicimbi yezopolitiko efana neengxabano zorhwebo kuncinci," utshilo uStephanie Lewicky, umphathi omkhulu wekamva kunye nezemali eTD Ameritrade.
URussell 2000 Izibonelelo zeshishini elincinci
Uncedo lwesitokhwe esincinci sincinci kukuba ezi nkampani inokugqwesa kwimigca emikhulu. Idatha yamva nje epapashwe kwi- "Stock, Bonds, Bill, Inflation (SBBI)" Yearbook "ibonisa ukuba ii-stock-cap stocks zibuyise i-12,1% ngonyaka phakathi kuka-1926 no-2017 xa kuthelekiswa ne-cap-stocks ezinkulu, ezibuyise i-10,2%., XNUMX% ngonyaka ngexesha ixesha elifanayo.
U-Halverson uthi esinye sezizathu zokuba ezi nkampani zigqithise kwisitokhwe esikhulu kunokuba kukuba abatyali mali bafuna imbuyekezo ephezulu yokutyala imali kwiimpahla ezincinci.
"Umzekelo, ungafuna inzala ethe kratya ukuboleka imali yakho kwindawo yokutyela yehamburger okanye eMcDonald's (itikiti: MCD)?" Uthi.
Iinkampani ezincinci zihlala zinezibonelelo ezininzi kuneenkampani ezinkulu ngenxa yokukhula kwazo.
"UMcDonald's kunzima kakhulu ukuphinda kabini ngobukhulu kunendawo yokutyela yehamburger yendawo," utshilo uHalverson.
Iinkampani ezinamashishini amancinci zinobuchule bokuphinda kabini okanye kathathu ngobukhulu, utshilo uBryan Bibbo, umcebisi wezezimali e-JL Smith Group e-Avon, eOhio.
Uninzi lweeminqwazi ezinkulu zazikhe zangunxantathu, kodwa zikhulile ngokuhamba kweminyaka ukuze zenze imali enkulu, "utshilo. Wonke umntu ufuna ukubuyela ngexesha lakhe ayokuthenga iApple (APPL), iAmazon (AMZN) okanye iMicrosoft (MSFT) ngaphambi kokuba babe ngamagama emizi.
URussell 2000: Kutheni iSitokhwe esincinci sithengiswa
Amasheya amancinci amancinci ahlala engahoywa njengotyalo mali kuba bambalwa abahlalutyi bezokhuseleko kunye neentatheli zezemali ezigubungela le ndawo. Imithombo yeendaba yezemali ijolise kwihlabathi leekepusi ezinkulu, ezixela ngokusebenza kweemarike zesitokhwe ngokubanzi zikhankanya isalathiso se-S & P 500 kunye ne-Dow Jones Industrial Average, ngokweengcali.
Esinye sezizathu zokuba abatyali mali bagxile kancinci kwiinkampani ezenza imali encinci kungenxa yokuba ezi nkampani azaziwa njengeenkampani ezinkulu, utshilo uHalverson.
Ubungakanani obuncinci beenkampani zithetha ukuba uninzi ayingomagama emizi, utshilo uJohn Iammarino, umongameli weSecurus yezeMali, inkampani esekwe kwezemali eseSan Diego.
Ukuthenga kunye nokuthengisa izabelo kwimarike yemasheya yeyona ndlela yokwenza utyalo-mali, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi asazi ukuba leliphi elona xesha lilungileyo lokungena okanye lokuphuma kwiimarike zezemali. Ukuqikelela le misebenzi kukho okubizwa ngokuba lixabiso ekujoliswe kulo kwixabiso lemarike yemasheya. Imalunga ne- inqanaba okanye ukulinganiswa enikwa yingcali kwaye esebenza njengomthombo wesalathiso ukwenza okanye ukungasebenzi ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho kwicandelo lotyalo-mali.
Ekugqibeleni, ixabiso ekujoliswe kulo lesitokhwe ngu xabiso yintoni umhlalutyi woqikelelo lweemarike zezemali, Oko kukuthi, ngokoluvo lwakhe isabelo senkampani kufanelekile. Ngale ndlela, inokuba yinkxaso ekubambeni kuyo isigqibo sakho ukusukela ngoku. Kodwa kuyo nayiphi na imeko, kufanelekile ukuba ixhaswe yenye imithombo yolwazi enokuthi ithathelwe ingqalelo njengothembekileyo. Umzekelo, ezo zithathwe kuhlalutyo lobuchwephesha kunye nolusisiseko. Ukuze ngale ndlela ube nombono obanzi wokuba yeyiphi i-asethi yemali oza kuyithenga.
Kuyinyani ukuba sisicwangciso esiqhelekileyo kubatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi ukukhetha lo mthombo wesalathiso. Bajonge ixabiso ekujoliswe kulo elinikezelwe ziingcali ukubonisa ukuba lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuba thenga okanye uthengise izabelo kwiimarike zezemali. Ngokukodwa, abo banokufunda okuncinci kolu hlobo lwemisebenzi abafuna ukuyenza ukwenza ukonga kwabo kunenzuzo. Ngaphaya kolunye uthotho lokuqwalaselwa kobuchwephesha kwaye mhlawumbi nakwiziseko zayo.
Ixabiso elijoliswe kuyo: ngaba sinokuyithemba?
Into yokuqala ekufuneka sibhekise kuyo yeyokuba siphambili kunabo bonke phambi koqikelelo ekuhambisaneni namaxabiso entengo yemarike yemasheya. Oku kuthetha ukuba olu qikelelo aluqinisekiswanga kuzo zonke iimeko. Hayi kangako njengoko uya kwazi ngelo xesha. Inokwenzeka ngokugqibeleleyo ukuba iintshukumo khange ndifikelele kweli nqanaba ngamaxabiso. Mininzi imizekelo kule meko kwiimarike ze-equity kwaye ebangele ukuba abanye abantu baphulukane nenxalenye elungileyo yegalelo labo lemali.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu kwixabiso elijoliswe kuyo kukuba liguquguquke kakhulu. Ngamanye amagama, ayisoloko ifana kwaye iyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kuvavanyo oluhlala luqhutywa ngamashishini emali okanye ngabahlalutyi. Ngamahla ndinyuka anokuqina kakhulu kwaye aye kwinqanaba sondela kwi-10%. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba balahlekise indawo elungileyo yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi abangaziyo ukuba benze ntoni ngotshintsho oluninzi kwixabiso ekujoliswe kulo kwixabiso lemarike yemasheya.
Amaqhinga anokwenziwa
Ngayiphi na imeko, kukho iinkqubo ezisebenza ngokusebenza ngolwazi lwexabiso ekujoliswe kulo kwiimarike ze-equity. Ukuba, umzekelo, izabelo zithengiwe ngezantsi kwexabiso ekujoliswe kulo eyabelwe ziingcali, ungalinda de ifikelele kula manqanaba ukugqibezela ukusebenza kunye neenzuzo ezihambelanayo. Kodwa kukho umngcipheko osengqiqweni wokuphoswa kukunyuka okuphezulu kwisindululo esikhethiweyo. Xa kunokwenzeka kwakhona ukuba emva kweentsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa la maxabiso ahlaziywa phezulu kwaye asinika imvakalelo encinci malunga nale parameter ebesiyisebenzisa ukutyala imali kwimarike yemasheya.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, kukho amaxesha amaninzi amaxabiso athengisayo iminyaka emininzi ngaphezulu kwexabiso elabelweyo. Kwaye kule meko, asikhethanga nayiphi na intshukumo kwiimarike ze-equity. Ke ngoko, esona sisombululo sisiso sokuphepha iimeko ezingafunekiyo kukuba bhetyebhetye ngakumbi ekuvavanyeni ukubaluleka kwexabiso ekujoliswe kulo lezabelo. Kuba kuyinyani ukuba banokusenza ukuba sifumane imali eninzi ekusebenzeni, kodwa kwanokuba siphulukana nee-euro ezininzi apha endleleni.
Ibonisa ubungakanani obunokubakho
Elona galelo lilungileyo lilele kwinto yokuba yiparameter elungileyo ukubonisa amandla okuhlaziya amandla e-asethi eyimali. Ngale ndlela, akukho mathandabuzo ukuba ixabiso ekujoliswe kulo lingaphezulu kwe- Ixabiso loludwe, kuthetha ukuba kukho ukubanakho ukuxabisa kwaye ingcebiso mhlawumbi kukuthenga izabelo zakho. Ngelixa ngokuchaseneyo, ukuba ixabiso ekujoliswe kulo lingaphantsi kwexabiso lokwenyani lesicatshulwa, oko kuthetha ukuba inohambo olubaluleke kakhulu lwe-bearish.
Eyona ngxaki inkulu abanayo abatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi kukuba abahlalutyi abohlukeneyo beemarike zezemali phantse bangaze bavumelane ngexabiso ekujoliswe kulo. Kwezinye iimeko bade babonise ukungafani okufanelekileyo ukukhankanywa kwaye ekugqibeleni kukhokelele kwi- ukudideka ngokubanzi kwinxalenye yabasebenzisi bemarike yemasheya. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba abazi ukuba mabenze ntoni ngexesha ngalinye xa kufuneka benze isigqibo malunga notyalo-mali lwabo. Akumangalisi ke ngoko, ukuba kwezinye iimeko abayihoyi le nto kwaye bakhetha ezinye iimodeli kuhlalutyo lwemarike yemasheya, ezinje ngobugcisa.
Ukugqitywa ziibhanki
Enye yezinto ekufuneka ilindelwe kukuba ekugqibeleni ziibhanki ezininzi kunye neenkampani zokhuselo eziqhuba uhlalutyo lweenkampani ukuze zichonge ixabiso ekujoliswe kulo kwizabelo zazo. Banokuba ngamaqela anomdla kule nkqubo apho amaxabiso akhiwa khona, ngenxa yezizathu ezithile okanye enye engafikanga ngoku. Kwaye oko kungakhokelela kubatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi ukuba bathathe isigqibo esingalunganga. Kungenxa yokuba ukwenzeka kwexabiso lezabelo kuxhomekeke kolunye uthotho lwezinto ezifanelekileyo. Apho uphononongo lusoloko lufika mva ezindlebeni zabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi.
Kwelinye icala, kufanele ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ukuba inkampani idweliswe kuma-20 kwaye ixabiso ekujoliswe kulo ngama-30, itolikwa njengexabiso elinexabiso eliphantsi kwaye ke lithuba lokuthenga esingafanele siliphose. Kwaye ngokuchaseneyo kwimeko eyahlukileyo apho siza kuthi izabelo zibiza kakhulu kwaye akufuneki sichithe imali kwintsebenzo engayi kuba nanzuzo ekugqibeleni. Amanqaku okujonga kwixabiso ekujoliswe kulo ahlukile, banepremiyamu ephindwe kabini kwisicwangciso sotyalo-mali ekufuneka sisetyenzisiwe ukusukela ngoku.
Uhlalutyo lwemarike yemasheya
Enye into ekufuneka sijonge kuyo ukusukela ngoku yile inento yokwenza nokuzithoba kakhulu okanye ukuxabisa ngaphezulu kwexabiso lemarike yemasheya ngokwabo. Ewe, kule ngqondo kufuneka uxinzelelo lokuba indawo elungileyo yamaziko emali kunye neefemu zokhuseleko rhoqo uqhuba uphononongo lweshishini ezithengiswa esidlangalaleni. Apho babelwe ixabiso ekujoliswe kulo elibangela ukuba inkampani edwelisiweyo ibe ngaphezulu okanye ingabalulekanga. Kodwa kufuneka kugxininiswe, kwelinye icala, ukuba olu vavanyo kufuneka lusebenze njengesikhokelo kuphela, kuba azithembekanga kwaphela. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, kusebenza njengenkxaso kwisigqibo esiza kwenziwa ngabathengisi ukuze bathenge okanye bathengise izabelo zabo kwiimarike zezabelo.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, kuqhelekile ukufumana iindaba ezinje ngezi zilandelayo kumajelo eendaba: UMorgan Stanley wehlise ixabiso lawo ekujoliswe kulo elimisela ukhuseleko lwe-Banco Santander ukuya kwi-4 euros, ukusuka kwi-euro zangaphambili ezi-6. Le nyaniso inako Ukuphazamisa lonke icebo lethu lotyalo-mali kwaye usenzakalise ngandlela ithile. Ngokukodwa, ukuba siwenzile umsebenzi ngaphambi kokwenza uphononongo. Kuba kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ukuba olu hlaziyo kumaxabiso ekujoliswe kuwo anokuqhubeka kwaye aqhubeke. Ke isiphumo kwipotifoliyo yethu yotyalo-mali sinokuba ngaphezulu kokubaluleka.
Thenga uthengise kwizixhaso
Kwelinye icala, kukho ezinye iiparameter ezinokuthenjwa ngakumbi zokwenza imisebenzi ekuthengeni nasekuthengiseni izabelo kwimarike yemasheya. Umzekelo, ngezikhewu, ezo zihlala zichazwa njengommandla okanye uluhlu lwamaxabiso ekungekho msebenzi wenziweyo kuwo. Okanye ngokusebenzisa amanqanaba enkxaso kunye nokumelana phantse soze zisilele iingqikelelo zazo. Ngaphandle kolunye uthotho lokuqwalaselwa kobuchwephesha kwaye mhlawumbi nakwindawo yokujonga izinto ezisisiseko.
Kuzo naziphi na iimeko, sisigqibo sobuqu esinokuphunyezwa nguwe kuphela, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ungoyena mntu ungcakaza naye ngemali. Kodwa ukuba unamathuba ahlukeneyo okukhetha ukungena kunye nokuphuma kwimodeli kwixabiso lemarike yemasheya. Apho elowo usebenzisa isicwangciso-qhinga sakhe kunye nenjongo enye enye ngaphandle kokwenza imali etyalwe ngenzuzo, leyo, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ibandakanyeka kwezi meko. Kwaye apho ixabiso ekujoliswe kulo lidlala indima yalo.