Enye yezinto ezitsala umdla wabatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi inyani kukuba iimarike zezabelo kwihlabathi liphela ziyenyuka xa kujongwana nengxaki yezoqoqosho eyenzeka kumhlaba omkhulu. Ngandlela-thile, kunjalo Ndixakwe yile nto, kodwa ukuba izinto zichaziwe, le nyani yokuba iimarike zezemali zihamba ngalo mzuzu ngqo ziya kuqondwa ngcono. Kuba zininzi izinto ezibangela ukuba zahluke kwamanye amaxesha okuphumla achaphazele iiasethi zemali.
Kule meko ngokubanzi, kufanele ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba isalathiso esikhethiweyo sezabelo zaseSpain sele sikhona Amanqanaba angama-9.500. Ibhentshi ebengakhange ibonwe kangangeenyanga ezininzi kwaye nakweyiphi na imeko imele eyona iphezulu kulo nyaka. Ngokuchanekileyo xa iimpawu zokudodobala kwezoqoqosho zibonakala ngakumbi kunangaphambili. Apho i-Ibex 35 ivale iseshoni ngokonyuka okuncinci kwaye ibekwe kufutshane kakhulu namanqaku angama-9.400, kwiseshoni ephawulwe kukungathandabuzeki okwenziwe malunga neBrexit.
Ngamanye amagama, impilo yeemarike zezabelo ngokuqinisekileyo ayimbi. Ukuba akunjalo ngokuchaseneyo, kukho ithemba lokuba inokwenza ngokulingeneyo kwiinyanga ezizayo. Inyaniso yokuba uninzi lwabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi abachazwanga kuba inxenye entle yabo izishiyile izikhundla zabo ngenxa yokoyika ukuba iimarike zezemali zinganakho. kuwa ngogonyamelo oluthile sijongane nenyani yokuba ingxaki yoqoqosho entsha ifikile. Ngaphandle kwamaxabiso axabise ngaphezulu kwe-5% kwiiseshoni zokurhweba zamva nje.
Ukuthengwa kwakhona kwezabelo
Enye yezibakala ezichaza ngokucacileyo ukuba iimarike zentengiso azikhange ziwe phantsi kwale meko intsha yezoqoqosho kukuba iinkampani ngokwazo ezidweliswe kwiimarike zezabelo zithengisa izabelo zazo ngenxa yemali ezibonelelwa ziimarike zezemali njengesiphumo yamanyathelo anyuselwe ukusuka kwi- KwiBhanki ePhambili yeYurophu (ECB). Kwezinye iimeko, bathathe ithuba ngamathontsi ngeli hlobo ukwenza ipotifoliyo yemoto enamaxabiso okhuphiswano ngakumbi kunangaphambili. Iziphumo eziphambili kukuba amandla alo okuhlaziya anyukile xa ii-asethi zemali zithengwa ngexabiso elithe ngqo elisezantsi kwexabiso ekujoliswe kulo zizabelo.
Oku kuye kwaqheleka kakhulu phakathi kweenkampani ezenza isalathiso sezabelo zaseSpain, i-Ibex 35. Ukusuka kumaqela asebhankini ukuya kwiinkampani zeinshurensi, uhamba ngombane kunye neeteleco kwaye ngaphandle kokukhetha. Le nyani ivumele ukuba kuzo zonke iimeko uxinzelelo lokuthenga lukhona kwaye lubekwa kwizikhundla ezimfutshane. Kwaye ngenxa yoku, abaxhamli beli qhinga lotyalo-mali ngabatyali mali ngokwabo abathathe izikhundla kwiimarike zezabelo. Oku kunokucacisa ukuba imeko yeemarike zentengiso ingaphezulu okanye incinci yokunyusa kwezi veki zorhwebo.
Ingxaki yezoqoqosho: inzala ephantsi
Esinye sezizathu ezichaza ukuvela kweemarike zezemali kukuhamba kweBME ukwehlisa inzala kummandla we-euro. Kuyinyani ethi izuze izabelo iphinde yabuya ngeli xesha, njengoko sibona, kungekuphela kwintengiso yesitokhwe sikazwelonke kodwa nakwabo basingqongileyo. Ngamanye amagama, amaqondo enzala asezantsi akuthandabuzeki ukuba aluncedo kuphuhliso olonyukayo kwiimarike zezabelo. Nangona ikumanqanaba aphakathi kakhulu njengoko sinokubona kwiseshoni nganye. Kodwa kuyo nayiphi na imeko, yenye into enceda uxinzelelo lokuthenga ukuba lubekwe ngokucacileyo kwekristale.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, enye inyani yokuba le ndlela inegalelo kukuba amaxabiso asezantsi ahlala ixesha elide. Oko kukuthi, ayizukuba ziinyanga ezimbalwa, nkqu neminyaka kwaye oku kuyaphungulwa ziimarike zezabelo. Yimeko engazange ibonwe ngaphambili kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo khange kubekho amanye amaxesha embali apho ikhule khona. Kwaye oku ke kuthathwe ithuba zizandla ezomeleleyo kwiimarike ezigqibe ekubeni zithathe isikhundla ngendlela enobundlongondlongo kunesiqhelo. Kungenxa yokuba bacinga ukuba baya kuba nakho ukwenza utyalo-mali lwabo lube nenzuzo kwixesha elingaphezulu okanye elingaphantsi.
Iimarike zemali zilindele
Kukho isizathu sesithathu, kwaye kungabalulekanga kangako, ukucacisa le meko bazifumana kuyo iimarike zezabelo. Inxulumene nento yokuba iimarike zezemali qikelela okuza kwenzeka kule minyaka izayo. Oku bekuhlala kunjalo kwaye kuya kuqhubeka kunjalo kwimeko yokuthengisa ezizayo. Ngale ndlela, inokubonisa ukuba sele beziphulile iziphumo ezibi zemeko yokudodobala kwaye kwanele ukwazi ukuba kule minyaka idlulileyo iimarike zentengiso ziye zaba neziphumo ezibi, kwezinye iimeko ngeepesenti eziye zaya kwi-10%. Ewe, le ithiyori inokubonisa ukuba ukunyuka okwangoku kwimarike yemasheya, nangona kungaphakathi, kungatolikwa njengendlela yokuphuma kule meko kungafuneki kangako kubatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi.
Kwelinye icala, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba iimarike zentengiso zilindele into enokwenzeka emva kokudodobala koqoqosho. Ngendlela ethile, baya kubonisa ukuba ingxaki kuqoqosho lwamazwe aphesheya iya kuba ne ixesha elincinci kakhulu kwaye ubona ukuphuma kuyo. Ngamanye amagama, iya kuba luphawu lwethemba lokuba baya kube belinika iimarike zezabelo kwaye oko kunokuthathwa ngabatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi ukuze benze igalelo labo kwezi mali zikumgangatho ophezulu. Ukusuka kule ndawo, kuya kuba ngumqondiso ocacileyo ukuvula izikhundla ukwenza ukuba izikhundla zethu kwimarike yemasheya zinenzuzo.
Ukusika kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo
Kwelinye icala, kunyanzelekile ukuba ugxininise ukuba nangona imeko yezezimali ekhoyo ngoku ichaphazela uqoqosho lwehlabathi. Onke amacandelo kunye nee-indices zesitokhwe, Ngokuchanekileyo ziibhanki kunye neinshurensi ezichaphazeleka kakhulu koku kuwa, njengoko amanye amaziko emali otyalo mali afuna ukuhlangulwa ngabasemagunyeni bezemali kuzwelonke. La macandelo ebekhe awe, kwezinye iimeko edlula kwi-5% kwiseshoni enye, nkqu nezinye iibhanki zamazwe aphulukene nexabiso lazo lonke lentengiso.
Eli licandelo, ke ngoko, elichanabeke emngciphekweni owongezelelekileyo onokuthi ukhokelele ekuhleni ngakumbi kwixabiso lawo kwaye, ekucetyiswa ukuba uhlale ecaleni, ubuncinci kude kube sisaqhwithi esibetha iimarike zesitokhwe ngalo mzuzu sidambe. Xa ngokubanzi ingumbuzo wezokhuseleko ezibonakaliswa kukungazinzi okukhoyo kunye nokuqina okubonisayo kwintengiso yesitokhwe, okwangoku baziphethe kakuhle, benesoscillations esomeleleyo esinokufikelela kwi-10% phakathi kwexabiso labo nelona xabiso lisezantsi kwaye, kunye ukuthengisa okukhulu ngabatyali mali, into engaqhelekanga kolu hlobo lokhuseleko, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Kule ndlela yotyalo-mali, ayinakulityalwa ukuba iya kuba ngumqondiso ocacileyo wokungena kwakhona kwiimarike ze-equity ngenjongo yokufumana inzuzo kwizikhundla. Ngesinye okanye esinye isicwangciso sotyalo mali. Ukusuka kule ndawo, kuya kuba ngumqondiso ocacileyo ukuvula izikhundla ukwenza ukuba izikhundla zethu kwimarike yemasheya zinenzuzo. Nangona kukho umngcipheko othile ofakwe yile misebenzi.
Ukurhweba kwimarike yemasheya
Imarike yemasheya yaseSpain ithengiswe kwizabelo ezingama-32.487 yezigidi zeerandi ngoSeptemba, I-7,1% ingaphantsi kwenyanga enye yonyaka odlulileyo kunye ne-15,9% ngaphezulu kuneyeThupha, ngokweenkcukacha ezinikezelwe yiBolsas y Mercados de España (BME). Apho kubonisiwe ukuba inani leengxoxo kweli xesha lihlalutyiweyo yayizi-3,07 yezigidi, i-3,2% ngaphezulu kunangoSeptemba 2018 kunye ne-1,1% engaphantsi kunakwinyanga ephelileyo. Apho igcina isabelo sentengiso esiqokelelweyo kwisivumelwano se-Spanish securities ye-70,5%. Uluhlu olumndilili ngoSeptemba lwalunamanqaku esiseko se-4,87 kwinqanaba lokuqala lexabiso (i-10,8% ibhetele kunendawo yokurhweba elandelayo) kunye neendawo ezisisiseko ze-7,03 ngobunzulu be- € 25.000 kwincwadi yoku-odola (i-30,9% engcono).
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, kwaye ngokwemithombo ye-BME, uthethathethwano kwimakethi yengeniso esisigxina efikelela kwi-24.589 yezigidi zeerandi. Eli nani limele ukunyuka kwama-29,13% xa kuthelekiswa nomthamo obhaliswe ngoSeptemba 2018. Itotali eqokelelweyo ngonyaka ifikelele kuma-269.642 ezigidi zeerandi, nokukhula konyaka ngama-81,7%. Umthamo owamkelweyo kurhwebo kwimarike yengeniso esisigxina yayiyi-20.731 yezigidi zeerandi, ngokunyuka kwe-29,5% xa kuthelekiswa nenyanga edlulileyo kunye nokuhla kwe-25,6% xa kuthelekiswa noSeptemba wonyaka ophelileyo. Ibhalansi eseleyo ikhule nge-2,94% ngonyaka kwaye yafikelela kwi-1,6 yezigidi zeerandi.