I-Bankinter ibhengeze ukumiliselwa kwesithembiso esitsha sezicwangciso zepenshini ngokusekwe kwiimali ezithengisiweyo (Ukutshintshiselana ngeeNgxowa-mali okanye ii-ETF's, ngegama lazo ngesiNgesi) ngePopcoin, umphathi wakho wotyalo-mali lwedijithali. Ngale ndlela, ibhanki iba yinto yokuqala yaseSpain ukubandakanya olu hlobo lwenkonzo ngokusebenzisaumcebisi. Njengakwimali yotyalo-mali kaPopcoin, izicwangciso zepenshini zalo mphathi zinokuqeshwa ngabatyali zimali abangabathengi bebhanki kwaye batyale imali ukusuka kwi-1.000 euro.
Ezi zicwangciso zepenshini zomeleza umrhumo wangoku wePopcoin, owawusele ugqibelele kwaye wahlukahlukene kwimarike yabarhwebi. Kodwa, ukongeza, bayakwandisa uluhlu lwangoku lweenkonzo zeBankinter, ngoku enezicwangciso zepenshini ngokusekwe kwi-ETF's, eya kuthi inikezele kubathengi bayo ngomphathi wayo wedijithali. Yimodeli enobuchule njengoko inxulunyaniswe nemveliso ethe ngqo njengemali ethengiswayo.
Olunye lweempawu zolu didi lweemveliso kukulandela umkhondo ophindwe kabini. Kwelinye icala, izakunikela okokuqala ngqa izicwangciso zepenshini ezityala imali kuthengiso-mali olurhweba (ii-ETF) ngomphathi walo ozenzekelayo. Ngelixa kwelinye icala, uPopcoin uya kuwongwa ngokudluliselwa kwesicwangciso somhlala-phantsi nge-2,5% eyongezelelweyo ngaphezulu kwe-5.000 euro kude kube ngu-Julayi 31 ozayo. Ukuba yenye yeendlela ezizezinye ezinokudala utshintsho oluncinci okanye olunqabileyo lokonga ixesha eliphakathi nelide. Ukusuka kwimbono yotyalo-mali eyahlukileyo ngokuthelekiswa nezinye iimodeli eziqhelekileyo.
Izicwangciso zepenshini ezinokuguquguquka
Abatyalomali baya kuba nazo izicwangciso zabo ezintathu zepenshini kwiiprofayili ezintathu zomngcipheko, ngokufumana kancinci okanye okukhulu kwizabelo, kwaye zonke zizonke emhlabeni, oko kukuthi, banokutyala imali kwiiasethi kwihlabathi liphela. Ezi zizicwangciso zilandelayo:
- Iipopcoin zehlabathi ngolondolozo: ngokuvezwa ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-25 kwii-equities zehlabathi (isitokhwe).
- Iipopcoin zehlabathi imoderado: kunye nobunzima be-equity global phakathi kwe-30% kunye ne-50% ubuninzi.
- Iipopcoin zehlabathi ngamandla: notyalo-mali kwii-equity securities zomhlaba ubuncinci ngama-30% ukuya kuthi ga kwi-75% iyonke.
Elinye igalelo lalo kukuba liya kubonelela abaphathi bayo nge-2,5% eyongezelelweyo yebhonasi kudluliselo lwezicwangciso zepenshini ngaphezulu kwama-5.000 euros, kunye nemeko yokuba utyalomali lunethuba lokuba isigxina iminyaka emihlanu ubuncinci.
Ngenzuzo yokufikelela kwi-3%
Kwelinye icala, kwixesha elide, iziCwangciso zoMhlala-phantsi zoBuntu zibhalisa i-avareji yenzuzo yonyaka (iindleko kunye neekhomishini) ze-3,48% kwaye, kwixesha eliphakathi (5 kunye ne-10 leminyaka), bonisa inzuzo ye-1,34% kunye ne-3,11%, ngokulandelelana, njengoko kubonisiwe nguMbutho wamaZiko oTyalo-mali aHlanganisiweyo kunye neNgxowa-mali yomhlala-phantsi (Inverco).
Apho umthamo oqikelelweyo wegalelo kunye nezibonelelo kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo ziya kuba: igalelo elipheleleyo le-204,4 yezigidi zeerandi kunye nezibonelelo ezipheleleyo ze-203,0 yezigidi ze-euro, apho umthamo wemirhumo yenyanga ungafikelela kwizigidi eziyi-1,4 ze-euro. Ukulungiselela la manani, isampulu ye-1.077 yeZicwangciso zeNkqubo zoMhlala-phantsi zifakiwe imele malunga neepesenti ezingama-99 zeeasethi zayoOko kukuthi, i-74.726 yezigidi ze-euro kunye ne-7,50 yezigidi zabanini zabelo.
Kutheni isicwangciso sepenshini?
Esinye sezizathu zokumiselwa ngokusesikweni kwezi mveliso zezemali kungenxa yokuphucula amandla okuthenga ngexesha lomhlala phantsi. Ngexesha apho ipenshoni ephakathi eSpain kulo nyaka inyuke nge-5,7%. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokufikelela kumanqanaba aphakathi kwe-euro ezingama-985, ngokweedatha ebonelelwe nguMphathiswa Wezabasebenzi. Ngenxa yala manqanaba kwimali yomhlala-phantsi, izicwangciso zepenshini ziba sisixhobo sokuphucula le mivuzo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuze eli nyathelo lisebenze ngakumbi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ikhontrakthi yale mveliso yemali ayenziwanga ngokusesikweni kwiminyaka embalwa ngaphambi kokufika komhlala-phantsi. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ucwangcise lo msebenzi iminyaka eliqela kwangaphambili. Ngemirhumo yemali minyaka le kwaye isekwe kwingeniso yokwenyani yabanini bayo. Ukuze bakwazi ukongeza ingeniso ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-67, eyixesha lokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ukusuka kunyaka ka-2027. Ngeefomathi ezahlukeneyo ezinokuvela kwingeniso esisigxina, ingeniso eguqukayo okanye nakwezinye iimodeli zotyalo-mali.
Ngaba iqinisekisa ubuncinane benzuzo?
Enye yemiba ethathelwa ingqalelo yinxalenye elungileyo yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi kukuba izicwangciso zepenshini Isiqinisekiso esisezantsi senzuzo. Ewe, impendulo nguhayi, kuba iyakuxhomekeka kwindaleko yeemarike zezemali, kokubini kwii-equities nakwimivuzo esisigxina. Apho imingcipheko iphezulu kakhulu kweyokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kuxhomekeka kwimeko yezoqoqosho nakwiimarike zezemali ngokwazo. Kwaye kwiminyaka yakutshanje ivelise ukwehla kubo, benoloyiko olukhethekileyo lwento enokwenzeka kwiimarike zamasheya zamanye amazwe.
Inye kuphela indlela yokulungisa le ngxaki kwaye kukumiselwa ngokusemthethweni kwesicwangciso somhlala-phantsi esibonelela ngembuyekezo eqinisekisiweyo. Nangona kunemida encinci yokungenelela, phakathi kwe-1% kunye ne-2,30% minyaka le nantoni na eyenzekayo kwiimarike zezemali. Ngelixa kwelinye icala, ukuwa kweli klasi lemveliso kube nefuthe kwizihloko zazo ziba ngqongqo ngakumbi Ngexesha lokukhetha le mveliso yemali.
Olunye ukhetho lwepenshini
Esona sisombululo banokuthi abantu abadla umhlala-phantsi baseSpain bakhethe imveliso yabo ithandwayo phakathi kwabatyali mali njengemali ezihlangeneyo. Kodwa ngoncedo olukhulu kukuba yenye imveliso yezemali engaqinisekisi naluphi na uhlobo lwenzuzo ngonyaka. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, kuya kuxhomekeka kwinto i ukuvela kweentengiso ezahlukeneyo zezemali. Kodwa ukusuka apho unokwenza ibhegi yolondolozo oluzinzileyo yexesha eliphakathi nelide. Kuxhomekeke kwiprofayili abasebenzisi abakhona kule klasi yeemveliso zezemali.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, olu khetho luvumela abanini bazo ukuba baqalise ukuyila imali yabo yomhlala phantsi nanini na. Akukho mida kweli candelo kwaye ziyakuvumela ukuba unikezele ngemali oyifunayo. Ngaphantsi kweemali ezincinci okanye nge ngokuqinisekileyo bafuna iminikelo ukufikelela ngcono kwiminyaka yegolide ebomini bakho. Apho unokukhetha khona phakathi kweemali zotyalo-mali ngokusekwe kwinto eguqukayo, engenayo, edibeneyo okanye nakwezinye iifomati ukuze ukwazi ukuphucula umda wolamlo ukusuka kula maxesha achanekileyo.
Inzuzo yeNgxowa-mali
Ngokumalunga nalo mba, kunokuthiwa inzala ebonelela abanini bayo inciphile kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo. Ngale ndlela, nangenxa ye- ukungavisisani kwezorhwebo, Ukuguquguquka kunye nokuchaswa komngcipheko kubekhona kwiimarike zemali ngenyanga kaMeyi. Ke, ii-indices zentengiso ephambili ziya kulivala ixesha ngelahleko xa kuthelekiswa nokuphela kuka-Epreli, nangona beqhubeka nokuqokelela imbuyekezo elungileyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ngo-2019.
Kwelinye icala, ukungaqiniseki okuphezulu kweemarike zezabelo kubangele ukwanda okunamandla kwi ibango letyala loluntu, kunye nokuhlaziywa okulandelayo kweebhondi ezizimeleyo. I-IRR ye-10 yeminyaka ye-bond bond yehle yaya -0,20% ukusuka kwi-0,03% ngo-Epreli kwaye isivuno se-Spanish seminyaka eli-10 se-bond sehla saya kwi-low esezantsi ye-0,73% (1,01% ekupheleni kwenyanga ephelileyo). Apho i-premium yomngcipheko eSpain iwele kumanqaku angama-92.
Umahluko phakathi kokungafaniyo kunye nokulungiswa
Umahluko obalulekileyo phakathi komnye okanye komnye umfuziselo wotyalo-mali. Ukusukela ngaphandle kwengeniso embi yenyanga ka-Meyi, Iindidi zezabelo zezona ziqokelela imbuyekezo ephezulu Ngaloo ndlela, umzekelo, ii-equities zase-US kunye nee-equities ezisakhulayo ziqokelela imbuyekezo ye-2019% kunye ne-9,6% ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kulo nyaka, ngokwahlukeneyo. Ke ngoko, iimali zotyalo-mali kunye nemirhumo ephezulu yomrhumo yengeniso esisigxina (ngakumbi umvuzo osisigxina wexesha elifutshane) kunye nemali yemali ene-8,5 kunye ne-879 yezigidi zeerandi, ngokwahlukeneyo. Ukongeza, ziindidi eziqokelela ukungena okuphezulu kwi-166 nge-2019 kunye ne-2.182 yezigidi zeerandi, ngokwahlukeneyo.
Kwindlela enokuthi iqhubeke kwiinyanga ezizayo okanye inyanzeliswe kukuwa ngamandla amakhulu kwaye inokonakalisa umdla wabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Nangona izakuxhomekeka kwinto enokwenzeka kumazinga enzala, kwicala elinye le-Atlantic nakwelinye icala, kwelinye icala, ukungaqiniseki okuphezulu kweemarike zezabelo kubangele ukwanda okunamandla ibango letyala loluntu, kunye nokuhlaziywa okulandelayo kweebhondi ezizimeleyo. I-IRR ye-10 yeminyaka ye-bond bond yehle yaya -0,20% ukusuka kwi-0,03% ngo-Epreli kwaye isivuno se-Spanish seminyaka eli-10 se-bond sehla saya kwi-low esezantsi ye-0,73% (1,01% ekupheleni kwenyanga ephelileyo).