Abatyalomali abancinci nabaphakathi abatsala iimarike zezabelo kwizabelo abanalo elona xesha labo lihle eSpain. Ewe, ngokwedatha yamva nje ebonelelwe yi-Henderson Global Dividend Index, Izabelo zancitshiswa phantse ngama-20% kwikota yesibini yalo nyaka, efikelela kwi-5.577,4 yezigidi zeerandi. Oku kuncipha kubonisa ukwehla kwe-17% kwisixa sayo, nangona ingxelo ibonisa ngokuxabisa okuncinci i-euro njengemva kwimo entsha.
Esinye sezizathu zokuchaza oku kwehla okubonakalayo kwezahlulo ezivela kwiinkampani ezidweliswe kwimarike yaseSpain zichazwa ngu eyomeleleyo Ukuhla kwezahlulo zeBanco Santander, eyacuthwa ngama-66%. Iinkampani ezishiyekileyo kwiNtengiso eQhelekileyo kazwelonke, ngokuchaseneyo, zigcine okanye zonyusa lo mvuzo ziwanika abanini zabelo.
Le meko kwizabelo zaseSpain Umahluko kwimakethi endala yelizwekazi. Kuba ifunyenwe kwinxalenye yokugqibela yekota yesibini yonyaka uqikelelo olonyusiweyo lwe-1,1% ngokubhekisele kwidatha yonyaka ophelileyo, nangona kuthathelwa ingqalelo izabelo ezingaqhelekanga ezabiwe ngeli xesha lonyaka. Apho eyona datha ibalulekileyo yeyokuba, eYurophu, iipesenti ezingama-80 zeenkampani zonyuse okanye zagcina izabelo zazo.
Ukuvela kwezahlulo
Ngokubhekisele kwenye indawo ebaluleke kakhulu kuqoqosho lwehlabathi, njenge-United States, ukukhula kwezahlulo zentlawulo kufutshane ne-5% kuqatshelwe ngeli xesha. Ngokuphathelele kwinto enokwenzeka kwiinyanga ezizayo kunye nomvuzo wabanini zabelo, ingxelo kaHenderson icace gca kwizigqibo zayo. Akunanto, Uqikelela ukuba kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka idatha iya kuba mbi Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Ngokudibanisa nenyani yokuba ukukhula kulwabiwo olubhaliswe yiYurophu kunceda ukulinganisa iipanorama zehlabathi zesahlulo.
Njengoko kusaziwa, izahlulo sisicwangciso esisetyenziswa ngabasindisi baseSpain ukwenza ingeniso emiselweyo ngaphakathi umahluko. Ngesivuno esimiselweyo nesiqinisekisiweyo esikuma-3% ukuya kuma-8%. Yenziwa phantsi kwentlawulo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo: ngekota, ngekota yonyaka okanye ngonyaka, kwaye kuxhomekeke kwizicwangciso ezenziwa ziinkampani ngokwazo ezidweliswe kwiimarike zezabelo.
Inani lezi zahlulo zibhengezwe kwangaphambili kwaye xa iintlawulo zabo zenziwe, baya ngqo kwiakhawunti yangoku yabatyali mali. Nje ukuba irhafu ithotyelwe, intlawulo ayizukuba yinto enkulu njengoko ipapashiwe ziinkampani, kodwa iya kuba yisahlulo semali. Yindlela yokugcina ifayile ye- utywala, kwaye ngaphandle kokuvela kwamaxabiso kwiimarike zemali.
Iinkampani ezinesabelo esona silungileyo
Njengoko kubonisiwe kwidatha esasazwe nguHenderson, iinkampani zaseSpain zezi zibonisa indlela yokuziphatha kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba abanye babo bakubone kufanelekile ukubasika, kwaye kwiimeko ezizodwa kakhulu ukubasusa kumgaqo-nkqubo womvuzo.
Elinye lawona matyala akhwankqisayo yinkampani yeoyile iRepsol, eye yabona indlela eyinciphise ngayo kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo ukulungisa iiakhawunti zayo zeshishini. Ukuhamba ukusuka 1 ukuya kwi-0,75 euro ngesabelo ngasinye, kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba kunqunyulwe phantse ama-20% abanini-zabelo kule nkampani abaya kuyeka ukuwafumana. Esinye sezizathu zokuthethelela oku kuncipha emvuzweni kuya kufumaneka kwixabiso lentengo le-oyile ekrwada, esele isuka kurhwebo lwe-19 ukuya kwi-12 leedola emgqonyeni kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinambini ezidlulileyo kwiimarike eziphambili zezemali.
Ayilotyala elikhethekileyo, kodwa njengoko besesitshilo ekuqaleni kweli nqaku, Banco Santander Ibe lelinye lamaxabiso athe abanegalelo elikhulu ekunciphiseni izahlulo. Akumangalisi ukuba zahluke kakhulu, zehla ukusuka kwi-0,60 ukuya kwi-0,20 euro ngesabelo ngasinye. Ukwehla kufutshane nama-20%, kwaye ngabanini zabelo abaza kuba ngabona balahlekileyo kule nkqubo yemivuzo.
Kwicandelo lokugcina imali, amanye amaqela akhethe isicwangciso esifanayo. Njengakwimeko ethile yeCaixabank, eye yehlise yaya kwi-0,16 euro, ukusuka kumanqanaba ee-0,18 euro. Ngaphandle kokugweba ukuphuma kokuhla, zombini kwezi nkampani kwicandelo lezemali nakwezinye iibhanki ezidweliswe kwimarike yaseSpain. Ngayiphi na imeko, lelinye lawona macandelo aneyona mvukelo imbi kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo. Ngenxa yeenzuzo ezisezantsi eziveliswe ziziphumo zeshishini. Kwaye badanisile kwiimarike, behlisa amaxabiso abo.
Ukupheliswa ngokuthe ngqo kwesahlulo
Ezinye iinkampani, kwelinye icala, ziye zabanethamsanqa elibi ngakumbi lokuyibamba le ntlawulo kubanini zabelo. Kungenxa yezenzo ezahlukeneyo, ezichaze ngokukodwa kwinkampani nganye. Elinye lamatyala atsale umdla omkhulu kukusetyenziswa kwesi sicwangciso kwinkampani yokwakha FCC. Kuba, eneneni, bagqibe kwelokuba bayisuse ngokuthe ngqo ngenxa yeengxaki zenkampani.
Iinkampani ezininzi ezidwelisiweyo zigqibe kwelokuba zilandele le ndlela ngomvuzo abawenze kubanini zabelo. I-Indra yenye yazo, eyehla kakhulu ukuphucula iiakhawunti zeshishini layo, nangona kungagwetywanga ukuba inokuzama kwakhona kwiminyaka ezayo ukuba inkqubela phambili yenkampani iqhubeka ngokuhambelana nolindelo lwayo malunga neziphumo zeshishini njenge ukuqala kunyaka ozayo.
Kwesi sicwangciso-qhinga sentengiso, sishiya elona tyala liphambili leTelefonica ekugqibeleni. Ugqibe kwelokuba ayirhole kwikhalenda yonyaka, ukuze ayinike kwakhona kubo bonke abatyali mali. Ukuba yenye yezona zinamandla kunikezelo lwangoku lweenkampani ezidweliswe kwisalathiso sikazwelonke esikhethiweyo. Yenziwa ngeentlawulo ezimbini zonyaka, enye ngoJuni kwaye elandelayo ngoNovemba. Sesinye seziganeko ezibaluleke kakhulu kubatyali mali abakhetha le ndlela yokuhlawula.
Kukwakho neemeko zeenkampani ezizinciphisileyo, nangona zincinci kwaye ziphantsi kwemida engabalulekanga. Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo okuncinci kuya kuchaphazela ibhalansi yeakhawunti yakho yangoku. Kwimeko yezicwangciso ezithile ezenzelwe ukuhlawulela ingeniso enegalelo kwiiakhawunti zakho zeshishini.
Yintoni izahlulo zeenkampani?
Zininzi iinkampani ezihlawula ngaphezulu kwe-5% yenzala Kwisahlulo sakho sonyaka. Bakhokelwa ziinkampani zamandla (i-Endesa, iRed Eléctrica, iEnagás, iRepsol kunye neGesi yeNdalo). Bangabona banesisa kakhulu ukuhambisa lo mvuzo phakathi kwabanini zabelo. Rhoqo kwaye ihlala inesiqingatha sonyaka okanye semi-yonyaka, kuxhomekeke kwimeko nganye.
Kananjalo akufuneki silibale malunga nabanye abanenzuzo kakhulu ekuhlawuleni lo mbono, kwaye bamelwe ngu I-Telefónica kunye ne-Abertis, ezinikezela ngale ndlela yokuhlawula imbuyekezo enamandla ngakumbi kunolunye ukhuseleko lwesalathiso esikhethiweyo saseSpain. Ngaphezulu komndilili, uqikelelwa kwi-5%.
Ngayiphi na imeko, iyindlela eyahlukileyo ye- Yenza ingeniso emiselweyo ngaphakathi kokungafaniyo. Nokuba zikhuselekile njani na ezokhuseleko kuluhlu lweentengiso zabo. Ivelisa imbuyekezo enomdla ngakumbi kuneemveliso zebhanki (iidipozithi zekota, amanqaku ezithembiso, iiakhawunti ezihlawulelweyo, njl. Ngenxa yesigqibo samva nje seBhanki eNkulu yaseYurophu (i-ECB) yokwehlisa ixabiso lemali, kwaye oko kuyizinzisile kwimbali eyi-0%, oko kukuthi, ukuba ayixabisanga nanye.
Ukwahluka kuyindlela engaphezulu kokucebisa ukukhusela umdla wabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Akunanto, ivumela ukuhlawulwa okuthile ngeentlawulo zakho eziqhelekileyo. Ngongezo onokuthi ulwenze unenzuzo ngokulondolozwa kwamaxabiso abo. Yifom edityanisiweyo onokuthi uyihlele ngokusesikweni kunye nezindululo ezininzi ukusukela ngoku. Ngaba ukulungele ukuyenza loo nto?
Kufuneka wenze ntoni ukuze uziqokelele?
Ukufumana intlawulo yezahlulo zemveli, eyona nto ifunekayo iya kuba kukuba uthenge iintsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kosuku lokuhlawula. Ngale ndlela, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ngekhe kube njalo ngaphambili. Kwakwanele ukuba nezikhundla zivulekile esitokisini ngala mini inye ngaphambili. Imiqathango, ke, iye yachukunyiswa kwaye incinci ngenxa yokuchitha ixesha elininzi kwizikhundla zokhuselo ezihlawula le ntlawulo.
Uya kuba nayo kuphela Khetha kuluhlu olubanzi lwamaxabiso ezibonisa olu phawu lukhethekileyo. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba kuya kufuneka uthathe isigqibo esinzima kakhulu ngokusekwe kwizinto ozithathayo ukwazi ukuba loluphi olona khetho lunokubakho okwangoku kwimidla yakho. Unokukhetha okuninzi kwaye ukuba kungothotho lweengcebiso, kungcono ungcono.
- Ngezabelo ezihlawula izabelo zakho uya kuhlala unentlawulo eqingqiweyo eqinisekisiweyo qho ngonyaka, ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezi-3%.
- Akufanele ukhethe ukubheja kwakho okwahlukileyo ngokusekwe kwezi zichumisi, kodwa kwi ezinye izinto ezibaluleke ngakumbi ukwenza ukonga kunenzuzo.
- Kuya kufuneka ulumke kakhulu malunga nantoni sukuzithoba ukusukela ngoku, kuba sisicwangciso esisetyenziswa ziinkampani ukubuyekeza ukwehla kwengeniso.
- Ukuba emva kokuhambisa isahlulelo ufumanisa ukuba wenza ukuba umsebenzi ube nenzuzo, isenokuba sisizathu esifanelekileyo sokuwenza rhoxisa izikhundla zakho engxoweni. Ngayo yonke inzuzo eyinkunzi onokuyivelisa ngeli xesha.