Ixabiso eliphantsi lemali, ngenxa yesigqibo se-European Central Bank (i-ECB) yokuhambisa inzala kwi-0%wenze utyalomali kwimarike yemasheya lolona khetho lufanelekileyo lokunyusa ukonga kulo nyaka. Ukuze oku kube njalo, abatyali mali baneendlela ezininzi abanokuthi ngazo baphucule iziphumo zabo kwiimarike zemali. Okwangoku, ukwenza utyalo-mali lube nenzuzo kunzima kakhulu kunakwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ngakumbi kwimali engenayo esisigxina. Akuyi kubakho khetho ngaphandle kokukhetha ukuthatha umngcipheko ngakumbi kurhwebo kwiimarike zezabelo.
Ukusuka kule ndlela kutyalo-mali, imarike yemasheya yaseSpain erhweba ngayo rUmahluko okhoyo ngoDisemba i-40.646 yezigidi zeerandi, ngokuhambelana nenyanga edlulileyo kunye ne-4,8% ngaphezulu kwangexesha elifanayo le-2018. Ukuqeshwa kwakhona kunyaka wonke kufikelela kwi-469.626 yezigidi zeerandi, i-18,1% ngaphantsi komsebenzi wangaphambili. Inani lezorhwebo eliqokelelwe lada lafika kuDisemba lehle nge-15,9%, ukuya kwi-37,2 yezigidi, emva kokubhalisa ukuthengiselana kwezigidi ezi-2,8 ngoDisemba, i-10,0% ngaphantsi koDisemba 2018 kunye ne-11,4% ngaphantsi kwenyanga ephelileyo.
Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, imarike yemasheya iselona khetho lokufumana imbuyekezo kulondolozo lwethu, ngethemba lokuba kulo nyaka mtsha izakuziphatha, ubuncinci njengango-2019. Ngokuphinda-phinda malunga ne-10%, nangona ibiyimali Intengiso yokuziphatha okubi kuye kwabakho kwizikwere zamanye amazwe ezisingqongileyo. Ngokukodwa, ngenxa yamathandabuzo aveliswe yimeko yezopolitiko kwilizwe lethu neyathi yafumana isohlwayo kwinxalenye elungileyo yezokhuseleko ebhalwe kwimarike yesizwe eqhubekayo.
Utyalomali kwimarike yemasheya ngezahlulo
Indlela elula kakhulu yokuphumeza ezi njongo isekwe kwikhontrakthi yokhuseleko ehambisa lo mvuzo kubanini zabelo. I-78% yeenkampani ezidwelisiweyo zikhetha le modeli yomvuzo. Ngomda wenzuzo Amanqanaba aphakathi kwe-3% ne-8%, ngentlawulo eqingqiweyo neqinisekisiweyo minyaka le. Ukunika ingxelo ngenzala ephezulu kakhulu kunaleyo ibonelelwe ngalo mzuzu ziimveliso zebhanki ezahlukeneyo ezingadluli kwinqanaba le-0,5%.
Ukufaka esi sicwangciso sendabuko kuthetha ukuba imali etyalwe ingagcinwa ngexesha apho ukungazinzi kunokuba yinto eqhelekileyo kwiimarike zezabelo. Ngale ndlela, idatha ibonakalisa ukuba imarike yaseSpain yeyesithathu enenzuzo enkulu kulo mhlaba, kuphela emva kwentengiso ye-Great Britain kunye neRussia. Ngoncedo lwe-avareji olusondele kumanqanaba eepesenti ezi-4, kude ne-5% eyayibhalwe kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo kwaye eyayibeka kwimeko enomdla ngokwenyani xa kuthelekiswa nezinye. Ngomlinganiselo phakathi kwenzuzo kunye nomngcipheko onokuthi uthathelwe ingqalelo unomdla kakhulu kubatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi.
Utyalomali olwahlukeneyo
Ukuphucula ingxelo yengeniso yabatyali mali ayikho indlela ebhetele kunokwahlula izindululo zotyalo mali. Oko kukuthi, endaweni yokugcina imali yakho kwinkampani enye edwelisiweyo, yenze ngeendlela ezininzi ezivela amacandelo ahlukeneyo kwaye ukuba ingaba ivela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zejografi. Ndinamathuba aphezulu okuba ekupheleni konyaka inzuzo yesikhundla sokhuseleko iya kuba phezulu kakhulu. Ngokukodwa, ziphantsi iipotfoliyo zotyalo-mali ezinolawulo olusebenzayo kwaye ezinokuziqhelanisa neemeko ezintsha ezikhoyo zeemarike zezabelo.
Ulwahlulo kutyalo-mali kwimarike yemasheya lunokuphucula kakhulu iziphumo eziveliswe kukusebenza kwethu kwimarike yemasheya. Ngenxa yokuba umngcipheko uncitshisiwe ngokubhekisele kutyalo-mali kukhuseleko olunye, kunye namathuba amakhulu okubetha indlela yokuziphatha engafunyanwa yi-Ibex 35 kulo msebenzi.Ukuba sesinye sezona zinto ziphambili zokugcina imali yethu la maxesha kwaye ujongene nento enokwenzeka kwiimarike zezimali kwezi nyanga zizayo. Ukuthintela isimanga esinqabileyo sokuba amaxabiso ezabelo zeSpain angasizisela.
Thenga izitokhwe ezisezantsi
Esinye sezona zixhobo zibalaseleyo zokunyusa inzuzo kwiimarike zamasheya kusekwe ekukhetheni amaxabiso aphezulu kwiimarike zezabelo. Ngabo banethuba elihle lokuxabisa kwixesha elifutshane. Kungenxa yokuba uxinzelelo lokuthenga lomelele ngakumbi kunalolo luthengisayo kwaye ke ngoko basebenza njengendawo yokusabela kwikomkhulu lelizwe nakwamanye amazwe. Ukuthenga izitokhwe kwisitokhwe se-uptrend kunokuba yeyona nto ilungileyo thintela iimeko ezingafunekiyo kwiimarike zezabelo. Ukujongana nezinto ezinokwenzeka kwiinyanga ezizayo kwaye ekugqibeleni zinokuchaphazela iziphumo zomsebenzi wesitokhwe.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, ayinakulityalwa ukuba esi sicwangciso sisebenza ngokukuko ukufezekisa ukuzuza kwemali kwelona xesha lifutshane lisisigxina. Ngamandla okuhlaziya anokuba nomdla kakhulu kwiinjongo zethu njengabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Ngaphezulu kwayo yonke loo nto, kumanani afana nalawa ukwanda ngokukhululekileyo eyona iluncedo kakhulu kwimidla yethu kuba ayinakuxhathisa ngaphambili kwaye eyona nto iqhelekileyo kukuba amaxabiso ayo aqhubeke nokunyuka ngeentsuku okanye iiveki. Kwisicwangciso esingentsonkothe kakhulu ukuba senziwe ngabatyali mali ngokufunda okuncinci kule klasi yemisebenzi yesitokhwe.
Khetha izitokhwe ezishushu
Amaxabiso achazwe njengashushu ngalawo anentshukumo enkulu ngexesha kwaye ngesiqhelo a uxinzelelo lokuthenga eqhuba amaxabiso abo phantsi kobunzulu obukhulu. Ngombulelo weveki yonke oscillate phakathi kwe-5% kunye ne-10%, kwaye yintoni ebaluleke ngakumbi ngubizo olunomdla kakhulu lokuba sisigxina njengokuthengwa kwixabiso. Ezi zizindululo kwimarike yemasheya ekufuneka isetyenziswe ngawo onke amaxesha kuba zibonisa ithuba elikhethekileyo lokufumana inzuzo egqwesileyo ngexesha elifutshane. Akumangalisi ukuba ukunyuka kwabo kubonwa ngokuthe nkqo nangona ixesha labo linqongophele kuba banomhla wokuphelelwa.
Kwelinye icala, olu didi lwamaxabiso akhethekileyo lwahluke ngaphezu kwako konke kuba babonisa umzuzu wokunyusa obahlula kwabanye. Ngomthamo wokurhweba omele ukunyuka kwawo ngezo ntsuku, yenye yezinto ezibonisa ukuba sifunyenwe ngokulula kunye nesiqinisekiso sokuba sijongane nelinye lamaxabiso ashushu kwiimarike zezabelo. Apho kuqheleke kakhulu ukuba ezi nkampani zidwelisiweyo zichongiwe kunye nezozinzo zincinci neziphakathi ezona zinamandla okuphuhlisa ezi mpawu.
Ukoyisa ukuxhathisa
Esi sesinye sezona zicwangciso zikhuselekileyo nezithembekileyo zokwenza ukonga okunenzuzo kunye neziqinisekiso ezinkulu zempumelelo ukusukela ngoku. Kungenxa yokuba umzuzu wokuchasana ugqithile amandla okuthenga ingaphezulu kokucacileyo kwaye ithambekele ekufikeleleni nakumanqanaba aphezulu. Indlela ngokubhekisele kubude bayo ayiphezulu kakhulu, kodwa ukubuya iyasebenza kakhulu. Kuba sisicwangciso-qhinga sotyalo-mali esingafane senze impazamo ekuchongeni isifo kwaye ke kufanelekile ukuba sinikele ingqalelo kubuchwephesha bala maxabiso esitokhwe. Kungenxa yokuba kuninzi okunokufunyanwa ngolu hlobo lokusebenza kwiimarike zezemali. Kakhulu kangangokuba ngamanye amaxesha sinokuphuma kwiimarike zesitokhwe kwangoko.
Yinkqubo esetyenziswa rhoqo kakhulu ngabatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi, ngakumbi abo banayo ngokufunda ngakumbi Kule klasi yokusebenza. Nangona okona kubaluleke kakhulu lixesha apho kufuneka siyishiye imarike yemasheya kuba ayilungelanga kakhulu ukukhawulezisa imisebenzi ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke kwiiseshoni ezilandelayo. Ngayiphi na imeko, sisixhobo esitsha esinaso sokufumana inzuzo ebalulekileyo kwezi ntshukumo zorhwebo lwentengiso ezisiphathele zona ukusukela ngoku.
Enye into ekufuneka uyiqwalasele yile inento yokwenza nokugqithisa kwala maxabiso kubonisa ukubonakaliswa okucacileyo kwamandla esimele ukuphoswa ngawo nangaliphi na ixesha. Kungenxa yokuba yimeko eyenzeka ngokwesiqhelo kwimarike yesizwe eqhubekayo kwaye ke kusoloko kukho iindlela zokuba nexabiso kunye neempawu zobugcisa ezandleni. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba sinokukhetha iprofayili yenkampani okanye icandelo apho lidityaniswe khona. Ngaphandle komngcipheko wempazamo njengenye yezona ziqhelo zazo eziqhelekileyo kwaye oko kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ngeli xesha. Apho kufuneka uvumele inzuzo iqhubeke ide ibonakalise iimpawu zokuqala zobuthathaka kwiimarike kwaye kungathatha ixesha ukuba zivele. Apho ukunyuka kwayo kuphakama kubonakaliswa kukuma kwayo nangona ubude bayo buthintelwe kunenye into.