Elinye lamaqhinga okutyala imali kwimarike yemasheya ngaphandle kokuzityhila, yenzeka ngeebhanki zexesha elimisiweyo ezinxulunyaniswe nazo Iimarike zezabelo. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, baqinisekisa ukubuya okungagungqiyo minyaka le, nokuba kwenzeka ntoni kwiimarike zemali. Ngaphandle kwayo yonke into, iseyimveliso engaziwa kakhulu ngabasindisi abancinci. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqesha kwakho akuthethi ukuba zonke izibonelelo zakho. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, kubandakanya uthotho lomonakalo ekufuneka uwuqwalasele ukusukela ngoku.
Ixesha elisisigxina eligcinwe kwi-stock market linokugcina ixesha eliphezulu kunezinye iimodeli zokugcina. Ngamaxesha e phakathi kweenyanga ezili-24 ukuya kwezingama-36 phantse kwaye kuzo zonke iimeko akukho zihlwayo zokucinywa. Hayi ngelize, kuyakufuneka kulindwe ukuphela kwayo ukubuyisa igalelo lezoqoqosho. Njengomphumo wale meko, akusayi kubakho khetho ngaphandle kokuba nemali ikhubazeke ixesha elide.
Olu hlobo lweemveliso lubonakaliswa ngokwazi ukubonelela ngenzala enkulu ukuba iimeko ezithile ziyafezekiswa kuqikelelo lwamaxabiso entengiso yemasheya. Kodwa akukho meko, inzala iya kuba mbi ukusukela ezi meko qinisekisa ukubuya okuncinci kwe-0,3%. Ngenzuzo eyongezelelekileyo yokuba ukuqeshwa kwayo akubandakanyi naluphi na uhlobo lweekhomishini okanye ezinye iindleko kulawulo lwayo okanye kulondolozo. Ngoncedo olufikelelekayo kakhulu kubo bonke abasebenzisi olunokuthi lwenziwe ngokusesikweni ukusuka kwi-1.000 nje yee-euro ngediphozithi nganye.
Umngcipheko omncinci ekuvezeni
Ezi meko zikuvumela ukuba uvule izikhundla kwimarike yemasheya, kodwa ususe yonke imingcipheko yayo kwasekuqaleni. Eli ligalelo eliphambili kule mveliso yenzelwe ukonga kwaye ibaluleke ngokukodwa kwinxalenye elungileyo yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Kungenxa yokuba ukubuya kuhlala kuveliswa, nokuba ngaba ii-stocks ezikhethiweyo okanye ii-indices ziyawa kwiimarike zemali. Nakuyiphi na imeko yenye yezinto ezilungileyo ekuqeshweni kwabo kwaye ekhuthaza indawo elungileyo yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi ukuba babhalisele ukukhusela imali yabo ngaphezulu kwezinye izinto.
Ngelixa ngokuchaseneyo, kwicala elibi inyani yokuba ezi mveliso azifaki kuhlaziyo olunokubakho kwiimarike zezabelo. Yiyo i uya kuncitshiswa kakhulu malunga nomdla onokuwufumana kwezona meko zintle kwiimarike zesitokhwe. Kuba, enyanisweni, ngekhe baphinde baphumelele ekuhlaziyweni kokhuseleko olunxulunyaniswe neediphozithi zezi mpawu. Olu luphawu oluphambili lolu didi lweedipozithi zexesha elimisiweyo.
Iimpawu zale dipozithi
Olu didi lweempembelelo ze-atypical lunokufumana ikhontrakthi ukusuka kwi-1.000 ye-euro ngemigangatho yokuvuthwa egubungela ukusuka kwiminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-4 kwaye inexesha elinye lokurhuma eliphela ngomhla omiselweyo okanye xa isixa semali esipheleleyo esibekiweyo sibhalisiwe, kubhekiswa kuso okanye kuqinisekisiwe iidipozithi ezibandakanya "ibhasikithi" yezokhuseleko ezikuluhlu lweemarike eziphambili zehlabathi njengefomula yonyusa inzuzo ebonelelwa zezi mveliso, nokuba indleko iyahambelana nothotho lweemfuno.
Ziyindlela ekhuselekileyo kunokutyalomali ngokuthe ngqo kwimarike yemasheya kuba isiqingatha sotyalo-mali sinxulumene nengeniso esisigxina kwaye elinye icandelo linxibelelene, ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye, kwindaleko yee-indices, izabelo, iimali okanye nayiphi na enye into enokubhekiswa kuyo. imarike yesizwe neyamazwe aphesheya. Ngemfuno esele siyikhankanyile kwaye enokuthi inciphise inzuzo enokuthi iveliswe zizikhundla ezibekwe kwiimarike zezabelo.
Ukusebenza okuqinisekisiweyo ngalo lonke ixesha
Kwelinye icala, ukhathalelo olukhethekileyo kufuneka lwenziwe kwezi ntlobo zeemveliso kuba zibonakaliswa kukuba inkunzi inakho okanye ayinakuqinisekiswa, kodwa kwimeko apho kungenjalo, umthengi unokulahla lonke utyalomali, kuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zedipozithi nganye. Iibhanki ezininzi zaseSpain ngoku zinemveliso enezi mpawu, nganye nganye ingena kwimveliso esekwe kuyo ukhuseleko, ii-indices okanye iingobozi amaxabiso athile kuxhomekeke kubhejo eyenziwe. Ezona zixhaphakileyo zezi zisekwe kwimarike yaseSpain, kodwa ukuhanjiswa kwamazwe aphesheya akutyeshelwa ngenxa yazo, ezifikelela nakwizabelo. Isibonelelo, ke, sihluke kakhulu kuzo zonke iimeko.
Elinye lamagalelo alo amakhulu kukuba igcina ibhegi yolondolozo oluzinzileyo, nangona ibhaskithi yezabelo ingaziphathi njengokufunwa ngabatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi. Nangona kuyinyani ukuba umdla abawubonayo uphantse wabekelwa ecaleni, okwenza ukuba kuthandabuzeke ukuba kufanelekile na ukuba kwenziwe ngokusemthethweni. Into ephikiswa yi uxolelo kwikhomishini kunye nezinye iindleko ekulawuleni okanye ekugcineni. Ngayiphi na imeko, yimveliso ekhuthazwe ziibhanki ukukhuthaza abathengi bazo ukuba bathathe isigqibo malunga neemveliso zokonga.
Iinjongo ezinzima kakhulu zokuhlangabezana nazo
Ngayiphi na imeko, enye yeengxaki ezinkulu kule mveliso yokonga kukuba kunzima kakhulu ukuyithobela. Akumangalisi ukuba babeke iinjongo eziphakamileyo kakhulu ezingasoloko zifezekiswa. Ukuba bekunjalo, inzuzo ebonelelwa lolu didi lweedipozithi zexesha elimisiweyo inokufikelela kwi-5% kwezona meko zintle, ngelixa ngokuchaseneyo, ukuba ibikhethe ukuthengwa kunye nokuthengiswa kwezabelo, imbuyekezo kulondolozo iya kufezekiswa. . ngaphezulu kwe-10%. Ukusuka kolu luvo, ezi dipozithi zebhanki kunokuthiwa azinamsebenzi.
Kwelinye icala, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba yimveliso eyenzelwe ukonga engasoloko ikhona kwi umnikelo ovela kuzo zonke iibhanki. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, bavela ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye hayi rhoqo rhoqo. Ukuza kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba abasebenzisi ngokwabo banokuba neengxaki ezithile zokurhuma kuyo xa befuna ukwenza igalelo labo lezemali. Ngothotho lweemeko ezitshintsha kakhulu inyanga nenyanga. Njengomnye weziphumo ezibi ekuqeshweni kwakho ukusukela ngoku.
Iimpawu zale mveliso
Iidiphozithi ezinxulunyaniswe neeasethi eziyimali kwii-equity yimodeli yotyalo-mali efanayo ngokufanayo nefomathi zesintu. Umahluko kuphela kukuba ikhonkco kukhuseleko okanye kwiimarike zesitokhwe. Kodwa ukugcina ulwakhiwo olufanayo ngawo onke amaxesha nangaphezulu kwako konke ukulawula imida yokulamla efanayo. Ngaphandle kwayo nayiphi na iyantlukwano ebalulekileyo, yimveliso yebhanki eyenzelwe iprofayile echazwe kakuhle kakhulu yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Yi Umsebenzisi olondolozayo kakhulu okanye uyazikhusela kwaye ufuna ukugcina imali yakho ngaphezulu kwezinye izinto.
Kwelinye icala, ayinakulityalwa ukuba oku kufana nokufakwa kwemali kwiibhanki zexesha elizinzileyo, nokuba ayithathwa njengemveliso yotyalo-mali enjalo. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, ijolise ngakumbi kulondolozo, ukusukela ukhuseleko lukhona ngaphezulu komdla onokubakho wokuqesha kwakho. Ngaphaya kokunye ukuqwalaselwa kobuchwephesha kwaye mhlawumbi nakwindawo yokujonga izinto ezisisiseko. Eli licandelo ongenakulilibala ukusukela ngoku ukuya phambili ukuba awufuni kuba nanto eyothusayo ukusuka kulo mzuzu kanye.
Ngoku kuxhomekeke kwisigqibo sakho, ukuhlalutya ukuba kulungile na ukuqesha enye yezi mveliso zokonga. Ujongene nokungazinzi kweemarike zezemali. Apho ukungazinzi kuya kuba yenye yeendlela zazo eziqhelekileyo, ubuncinci kulo nyaka. Ayimangalisi into yokuba iindawo zokufihla intloko zifunwa ukuqinisekisa ngelixesha.
Uloyiko lokudodobala koqoqosho kwihlabathi liphela
Ngapha koko, kwiimarike zezabelo kukho umngcipheko wokudodobala kwezoqoqosho okubaluleke ngokukodwa. Nangona ukusukela ngoko FED Kugxininisiwe ukuba ezi zimvo zimbi ziphambi kwedatha yezoqoqosho olukhulu ebisenzeka kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo. Ngayiphi na imeko, yimeko apho abatyali zimali abancinci nabaphakathi kuya kufuneka baphile kula maxesha ngqo. Kuba banokuphulukana nemali eninzi kwimisebenzi yabo kwiimarike zezemali kwaye bekungekho enye indlela ngaphandle kokukhusela i-capital efumanekayo kutyalo-mali.
Kwelinye icala, ayinakulityalwa ukuba idatha yakutsha kunye nezalathi zoqoqosho lwaseTshayina azilunganga. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ukuba babhengeze ukurhoxa kwinqanaba lokukhula kumacandelo abo avelisayo. Ngale ndlela, akukho khetho ngaphandle kokujonga kakhulu ukuvela kwezi paramitha zoqoqosho ukumisela ukuba lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuthenga izabelo okanye ukuba, ngokuchaseneyo, kungcono ukuba ubekho kwimeko yolwelo ukuze uzikhusele Ukusuka kwezona meko zintle kwiimarike. Ngokukodwa, ngenxa yokuguquguquka okukhulu okungafakwa kwixabiso lokhuseleko.