Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba idipozithi yexesha lebhanki yimveliso yezemali apho umthengi ehambisa isixa semali kwiziko letyala kangangexesha elithile endaweni yokufumana inzala ethile. Ifakiwe kwiimodeli ezisekwe kwingeniso emiselweyo kwaye ithandwa kakhulu kuba iqinisekisa ukonga kwabafakizicelo bayo, kunye nenzuzo encinci ngeli xesha ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi lemali. Ngesi sizathu, eyakho ingeniso ephakathi kunyaka ophelileyo ibiyi-0,10% ngamaxesha angaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-12. Ngokungoneliseki okwenzeka kwicala lediphozithi.
Kodwa yintoni abanye abatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi abangaziyo kukuba iidipozithi zekota zinokudityaniswa kwimarike yesitokhwe ukuphucula imida yokulamla. Kodwa ngequbuliso, ukuba ubuncinci ukuze babe nesibheno esikhulu phakathi kwabasebenzisi bebhanki. Ukongeza, esi sicwangciso sinokuqhutywa ngokhuseleko olunye kuphela okanye ngebhasikithi yezabelo okanye nokuba sinxibelelene nezona indices zibalulekileyo emhlabeni. Umzekelo, UDow Jones, FTSE 100 okanye i-Eurostoxx efanayo 50. Akukho zithintelo malunga noku. Eyona nto inzima kukuba zithengiswa ziibhanki ngokwazo.
Ukusuka kolu luvo ngokubanzi, indlela ebonelelwe yile mveliso yokonga yahlukile okwezo zedipozithi yekota. Kwaye ke kulungile kakhulu ukuba uyazi ukuba kunokwenzeka kwezi zilandelayo uzive uhendeka ukuba uqeshe nayiphi na le mveliso. Kuba kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba iidipozithi zebhanki zekota zixhunywe kwi bolsa Qhubeka nokugcina ixesha elinokusisigxina 24, 30, 40 okanye ngaphezulu iinyanga. Ngayiphi na imeko, into ongasoze uyibone kukumiselwa kwezi mpawu ngamafutshane. Ewe akunjalo kuba ayinakwenzeka ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezizodwa.
Irhafu, edityaniswe nemarike yemasheya?
Ubukho beli khonkco liphawuleka ngenxa phucula inzuzo yalo. Ngokukodwa ngokukodwa kuba kwelinye icala uyilo lwayo luhlala lunye, ndishiya umohluko esiza kukubonisa wona ukusukela ngoku. Into emisela ukuba ibe yile ndlela kukuba imarike yemasheya iye yaba yimveliso ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Apho phantse bonke bayayazi imisebenzi yabo kunye nendlela ezithengwa nezithengiswa ngayo kwiimarike zezemali. Eli linqaku elincoma uyilo lweemodeli ezijolise ekongeni nangaphaya kwezinye izinto zobugcisa.
Kwelinye icala, iidipozithi zebhanki zexesha kunye nezo zinxulunyaniswe neemarike zezabelo isiqinisekiso Ngamaxesha onke igalelo lezoqoqosho kubathengi. Kuyinyani ukuba eyona dipozithi yebhanki ixhaphakileyo yile yenzala esisigxina. Phi inzuzo yayo ihlala ingatshintshanga kude kube sekupheleni kwexesha lokufaka. Kwezi zinxulunyaniswe neemarike zokulingana, kwa ezi zinto zenzeka ngokulandelayo, ziqinisekisa ukubuya okuncinci. Isigama esichazwe ngaphambili sokuba sisigxina kwaye kuzo zonke iimeko kufuneka siqwalaselwe ngocoselelo. Kodwa ngumahluko ovakalayo onokuthi inzala inyuke ukuba iasethi eyimali edityaniswe kuyo idiphozithi ifezekisa iinjongo zayo kwixabiso layo.
Yintoni abanokuyinika umdla?
Omnye wemibuzo ezibuzwa ngabasekeli sisibonelelo esinokufunyanwa ngokufumana ikhontrakthi kwezi modeli zokonga. Ewe iya kuba ngumsebenzi othe ngqo we Ixabiso lezabelo, ii-indices okanye iimarike zentengiso ezinxulunyaniswa nomsebenzi. Kodwa ngekepusi ephezulu engafane idlule kwi-5%. IPoro okoko nje imiqathango yale khonkco ifezekisiwe kwidiphozithi yebhanki. Ukuba akunjalo, umgcinisi mali akasayi kuphulukana neyuro enye yemirhumo yabo yemali. Inqanaba lenzala ekuvunyelwene ngayo nebhanki liya kuya nakwiakhawunti yakho yokutshekisha.
Kwelinye icala, kukho into ekufuneka ihlangatyezwe phantsi kwayo nayiphi na imeko kwaye lelo xesha lokumiselwa kwebhanki. Nokuba rhoxisa kwangethuba umsebenzisi akazukukhetha ngaphandle kokujongana nesohlwayo sokuphuhliswa kwale ntshukumo. Le yinto enokuthi idimaze abantu abanomdla wokuqesha le mveliso kulondolozo. Akumangalisi ke ukuba yenye yomahluko ophambili ngokubhekisele kwelinye iklasi yedipozithi yekota yebhanki. Ngaphandle kokunye ukuqatshelwa okunxulumene nokusebenza kwayo kwaye oko kungakhokelela kwezinye iingxoxo malunga nokwenza ngokusesikweni.
Ngaba ibotshelelwe kuphela esitokisini?
Ewe akunjalo kuba ivulekile kwezinye ii-asethi zemali ezivela kwintengiso yemasheya, njengoko besesiphawulile ngaphambili. Ngale ndlela, umgcinisi-mali unelungelo elikhulu lokukhetha imveliso ehambelana neprofayili yakhe yomgcini. Nangona kuyinyani ukuba izibonelelo azikho zininzi kakhulu okwangoku. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, banqunyelwe kuthotho lweefomathi ezisisiseko. Ngokufanelekileyo, akukho buninzi Kule klasi yeemveliso zebhanki. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba yimodeli ebifakelwe iminyaka emininzi kwizibonelelo kunye nokunyuselwa ngamaziko emboleko.
Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ngokubhekisele kweli nqanaba lonxibelelwano yile inxulumene ne Indawo yalo. Kuba zivulelekile nakwiimarike zamanye amazwe, apho izindululo ezivela kwilizwekazi elidala zikhona. Ukusuka kolu luvo, akukho mathandabuzo ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba utyalomali kwimarike yemasheya ngaphandle kwesidingo sokubandakanyeka ekuthengeni nasekuthengiseni izabelo kwimarike yemasheya. Ngaphandle kokucinga, ewe, umngcipheko wokusebenza kwale yokugqibela. Njengesicwangciso sokuzikhusela ngakumbi ukubakho kwiimarike zezabelo.
Iimfuno zokufikelela
Kuzo naziphi na iimeko, isivumelwano sinyanzeliswa kwezi mpawu ayifuni mgudu omkhulu kubahlanguli. Ukuba akunjalo ngokuchaseneyo, kuba bagcina iipropathi ezifanayo kwiidipozithi eziqhelekileyo okanye eziqhelekileyo zebhanki. Ukusuka kwezi ndlela ziqhelekileyo, kufuneka kugxininiswe ukuba olu didi lweemveliso zilula kakhulu ukwenza ikhontrakthi kuzo zonke iiprofayili zabasebenzisi bebhanki. Ewe, sikubonisa into ekufuneka uyenzile ukusukela ngoku ukuya kurhuma kuyo nayiphi na kwezi mveliso zebhanki:
- Yiba ngumthengi weziko othengisa idipozithi yexesha lebhanki kwaye apho a khangela iakhawunti ukwenza intlawulo yokusebenza.
- Ngaba unayo imali eyimfuneko Ukujongana nalo msebenzi kunye nalapho iintlawulo zekhomishini ezinokubandakanywa nezigatya zekhontrakthi kufuneka zongezwe.
- Kwaye ekugqibeleni, ubudala njengokuba kunjalo kwiimveliso zebhanki ezininzi ezibalulekileyo.
Ukuba uhlangabezana nazo zonke ezi mfuno zilula, ungathandabuzi ukuba uya kufumaneka ngokupheleleyo ukuze usayine ikhontrakthi yezi modeli zokonga. Ngaphandle kweminye imeko yezobugcisa enokuthi yenziwe ngokusesikweni. Uya kuba uqinisekisile ukuba awuyi kuba neengxaki ezininzi ukwenza ulondolozo lube nenzuzo ngokudiphozitha ixesha. Ayothusi into yokuba yenye yeenzuzo ezibonelelwa yile modeli yokonga rhoqo kwizibonelelo zebhanki.
Ngaba kunenzuzo ukubaqesha?
Ngayiphi na imeko, kuya kufuneka ukuba uqwalasele ukusukela ngoku ukuba kuyinzuzo na ukuqesha olu didi lukhethekileyo kwiidipozithi zekota. Kungenxa yokuba kwelinye icala, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo uya kuba nokukhetha phucula u msebenzi Ngokwesiko ukuba ezi mveliso zebhanki zikwenzela zona. Ngayiphi na imeko, uya kuqiniseka ukuba uya kufumana imbuyekezo engaguqukiyo nokuba kwenzeka ntoni kwiimarike zezemali. Inqaku ekuthandeni iiprofayili zokugcina kunye nokusika okuzikhusela ngakumbi kwaye ezinokuthambisela ukhetho lwakho ekonakaleni kwezinye iifomati ezintsonkothileyo okanye ezinobundlongondlongo.
Kwaye kwelinye icala, awuyi kuba nalo lonke uhlaziyo olunokufumaneka kwiimarike ze-equity. Ukuba ayisiyiyo kuphela into encinci ngokubhekisele kunyuko apho ibhasikithi yezabelo ezinxulumene nerhafu ebhalisiweyo zinokufumana. Kule meko, ukuba into oyifunayo yinzuzo enkulu, ewe awujonganga kwimveliso oyifunayo. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu kuba awusoze udlule kwizibonelelo kwaye zihlala zimi ngokubanzi kwinqanaba 5%. Kungenxa yokuba into oyifunayo kukutyala imali yakho kwimarike yemasheya, kungcono ukuba uye ngqo ekuthengweni nasekuthengisweni kwezabelo kwiimarike zezemali.
Enye into ekufuneka uyihlalutye ukuze wazi ukuba ubhaliso lwezi dipozithi luncedo kukuba ungachitha ixesha elininzi kunye nemali etyalwe. Akumangalisi ke ukuba isigxina sabo siphezulu ngokugqithileyo, ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iidipozithi eziqhelekileyo zebhanki. Ngenxa yokuba isenokungakubuyisi ngokwenza le misebenzi ixesha elide kangako ngexesha labo. Ngaphandle kwezinye izinto zobuchwephesha ekuya kufuneka uzivavanye kwezi zihlandlo zichanekileyo. Kuba imali eninzi isemngciphekweni.