Zininzi izinto ezahlukileyo ezothusayo ezisigcinele unyaka-mali. Nangona enye yezona zilindelwe ngabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi yeyona inento yokwenza neenkampani eziza kuzo emhlabeni kwizabelo zentengiso. Bahlala benomtsalane okhethekileyo kwiindawo ezivulekileyo kwaye ukonga kunokwenziwa kunenzuzo. Ngokwesiko ezi iintshukumo zomdibaniso Baye banenzuzo kakhulu kubasebenzisi abaze. Ngezivuno ezingaphezulu kwe-10% kwiimeko ezininzi. Kwaye kunokuba kungenjalo, kwi-2018 ezi ntshukumo ziya kubakho kwiimarike zezemali.
Enye yemisebenzi evusa ulindelo olukhulu phakathi kwabatyali mali ngulo mthombo wesalathiso nguSpotify. Kuba ngokusebenza kwayo, imalunga nokugqibezela i-IPO yayo. Inkqubo ihambele phambili njenge iqonga lokusasaza umculo Sele uwangenisile onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko kwiKhomishini Yokhuseleko yaseMelika. Ngenjongo yokuba iiveki ezimbalwa ziya kuba kwindawo eza kudweliswa kwizabelo zeNew York. Iya kuba, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, lelinye lawona maxesha alindelwe kakhulu kubasebenzisi bemarike yemasheya. Nangona okwangoku, akusayi kubakho khetho ngaphandle kokuya kwelinye icala leAtlantic ukuze uvule izithuba ngeli xabiso litsha.
Injongo yenkampani kukuqala ukuthengisa kwikota yokuqala yonyaka. Kodwa nge-caveat ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba ithathele ingqalelo ngeli xesha. Ayisiyonto yimbi ngaphandle kokuba umsebenzi uya kwenziwa ngaphandle kokubhenela kwi intengiso yoluntu (I-OPV). Eli nyathelo liya kuba nefuthe eliphindwe kabini. Kwelinye icala, inokubenzakalisa abatyali mali abafuna ukuvula izikhundla kuba amaxabiso abo anokungabi nokhuphiswano ngaphantsi kune-IPO. Ngelixa ngokuchaseneyo, oko kuya kuthetha ukugcinwa kweendleko kweenkampani. Idityaniswe ngokusisiseko kwiikhomishini kwiibhanki zotyalo-mali.
I-Spotify ikhuthaza ezinye iinkampani
Ukusebenza kweqonga lomculo lokusasaza kunokuba nempembelelo kwezinye iinkampani ezifuna ukuthatha lendlela inye. Phakathi kwabo, inani elilungileyo leenkampani ezivela kubuchwephesha obutsha okanye ubudlelwane obunamandla kunye nabo lubonakala. Yimeko ethile ye- Uber Ikwajonga ukuya esidlangalaleni kulo nyaka. Nangona sisalathiso saseTshayina apho kuyenzeka khona okothusayo okukhulu malunga noku. Ngokufika kwezindululo ezintsha zentengiso yesitokhwe eya kuthi ihlale kwii-indices zayo zokulingana. Kwinto eyakwenziwa njengethuba elitsha leshishini lokugcina.
Ukuzimisela kukaSpotify ukwenza indlela yakhe kwintengiso yesitokhwe kunokukhuthaza ezinye iinkampani ezifanayo ukuba zixelise umzekelo wazo. Alithandabuzeki elokuba iyakuba yinkuthazo entsha kuwe ukuba uqalise utyalomali lwakho ukusukela ngoku. Ngokukodwa, eminye yale misebenzi inokuba yinzuzo enkulu kwimidla yakho. Ngonaphakade kuxhomekeke kwixabiso apho izenzo zabo ziqala khona. Iya kuba sesinye sezona zitshixo zibalulekileyo ukuze le misebenzi iphumelele okanye hayi phakathi kwabatyali mali. Njengoko kwenzekile kwiminyaka edlulileyo ngamashishini aseSpain.
IPO kwintengiso yaseSpain
Phakathi kwee-IPO ezinokubakho kwiinyanga ezizayo, kukho amagama aliqela akwi-ajenda yeearhente zezemali. Enye yezona zinto zilindelweyo kwimarike yeyona iya kuba ngumlingisi ophambili kuyo Indawo yokuhlala iTesta, izindlu eziqeshisayo zeSocimi ezivele ngokudibana kweMerlin uqobo neMetrovacesa. Ukongeza, iya kubekwa kwelinye lawona macandelo atyekele kakhulu kutshanje ukwenza olu hlobo lokusebenza. Kodwa kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu kubo njengesiphumo sokungazinzi okuphezulu okuveliswe ngulo mgca weshishini.
Icandelo lebhanki liya kuba nemvakalelo kwi-2018 kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-IPOs. Ngokusebenzisa isindululo ekudala silindelwe ngabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Iya kuba yenye yezona bhanki zibalulekileyo zokugcina imali, njengoko kunjalo Unibox. Ngale ndlela, sele inemvume yabanini zabelo ukuya esidlangalaleni ngokunyuka kwemali. Kwicandelo leshishini, njengebhanki, eliye langena kwiingxaki ezinzima kunyaka ophelileyo. Akumangalisi ukuba iya kuba yenye yeengxaki zakho ezinkulu ukuba zidweliswe kwiimarike ze-equity ukusukela ngoku.
Amanye amathuba oshishino
Omnye umntu onokuthi abekho kumgangatho weziqhushumbisi uMaxam. Ungahambisa isithembiso esidlangalaleni sokuthengisa kulo nyaka. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku sele kukho abatyali mali abaninzi kwihlabathi liphela esele benomdla kulo msebenzi unokwenzeka. Ewe ayizukuba yedwa kuphela kuba ezinye iinkampani zihamba kule meko. Umzekelo, Inqwelo moya yakwaVolotea ukuba sele ngo-2015 wayefuna ukwenza ezi ntshukumo kwiimarike zemali. Kodwa ekugqibeleni kuye kwafuneka ukuba anikezele kumzamo wokudibanisa kwiimarike zezabelo.
Omnye wemizekelo ebalaseleyo yesi sicwangciso yinto eyenzekileyo kutshanje ngeMnxeba kaMnxeba engaphezulu, eye yaba ngomnye wemimangaliso emikhulu kunyaka ophelileyo. Ngokuhlaziywa ngaphezulu kwe-50%. Kuya kufuneka ujonge kuyo ukuba ufuna ukufumana ixabiso lezenzo zakho kwimarike yemasheya usebenzisa esi sicwangciso-nkqubo sotyalo-mali. Ukongeza isimanga esiza kuvela apha kulo nyaka. Kuya kufuneka uyazi imithombo yeendaba ekhethekileyo. Apho ezinye zezi ntshukumo zichazwe khona. Unokuba sele unomdla komnye wabo ukuba abhalisele izabelo zenkampani.
Amaqhinga okurhweba kwii-IPOs
Ukubonelelwa koluntu kwintengiso kufuna umsebenzi okhethekileyo kakhulu kwicala lakho. Hayi kuphela Ngena kwaye uphume kwiimarike zemali. Ukuba akunjalo, nangenxa yolwazi olukhulu ekufuneka uluncedisile ukuze uqonde imisebenzi ngokulula. Kwaye kutheni kungenjalo, inkcubeko yezemali ebanzi ayizukukwenzakalisa ukuphuhlisa le ntshukumo kwizabelo. Iya kuba ligalelo eliluncedo kakhulu elinokukunceda ulungiselele ezi zinto ziboniswayo minyaka le kwimarike yemasheya. Kwaye ngenxa yoku, yenza izinto zakho zobuqu okanye zosapho zibe nenzuzo ngakumbi.
- Ukuze ukwazi ukwenza le misebenzi ngempumelelo enkulu, awuzukukhetha ngaphandle kokungenisa uthotho lwemidlalo eya kusebenza kakhulu kwezi zicwangciso zikhethekileyo. Umzekelo, oku kulandelayo sikuveza ngezantsi:
- Kuya kufuneka ujonge ukuba ngaba Ixabiso lokungena lelona lifanelekileyo. Kuba kunokuba luncedo ngakumbi kuwe xa uthenga ngexabiso lemarike. Oko kukuthi, nje ukuba izabelo ziqalise ukurhweba kwiimarike ze-equity. Ke ngoko, kuya kufuneka uhlalutye umsebenzi ngokuzola.
- Ayizizo zonke izibonelelo zentengiso zikarhulumente ezinakho ukubhaliswa. Kuphela ezo zikhona ethandeka ngakumbi kwimidla yabatyali mali abancinci nabaphakathi. Ngale ndlela, kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba ukhethe kakhulu xa ukhetha eyona IPO inenzuzo kuzo zonke. Ungaze ngendlela engalawulekiyo.
- Kuqheleke kakhulu kolu hlobo lwentengiso yemasheya ukuba ibe amandla aphezulu phezulu kakhulu. Ngokwesiqhelo phantsi kwamanani amabini ukuba zijolise kwixesha eliphakathi ngokusisigxina. Akufanele ungxame ngokugqithileyo ukuthengisa izikhundla ozivulileyo kuyo nayiphi na inkampani esele ingumbandela wale minikelo yoluntu.
- Ungalibali ukuba ezinye zezi ntengiso zentengiso ziyenziwa phantsi kwexabiso elinikezela into ebalulekileyo isaphulelo kwixabiso laso lokwenyani kwiimarike zezemali. Oku kunomdla ngakumbi ekubhaliseni kuba uya kuba kwimeko engcono yokuvelisa inzuzo xa ugqibezela umsebenzi.
Imigaqo esisigxina ye-IPOs
Enye into ekufuneka uyivavanyile kukuba leliphi ixesha lokusisigxina le misebenzi yengeniso eyahlukileyo ekufuneka ijolise kuyo. Baya kuxhomekeka kwiimeko ze-IPO, kodwa ngesiqhelo Akufanele uzishiye izikhundla ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufuna ukwenza intshukumo ibe yinzuzo ngesiqinisekiso esikhulu sempumelelo. Kwaye ngaphezu kwako konke, ukuzibekela iinjongo ezinokufezekiseka ngokupheleleyo. Kuba ngokuqinisekileyo, kungekudala, uya kuba nebhaso ngesi sicwangciso sotyalo-mali.
Ewe ayizizo zonke iimeko eziya kuhlala zifana, kodwa uluhlu lwakho luza kukuyalela xa kufika ixesha lokuba amaxabiso akho abekwe. Ayothusi into yokuba ezi zinto zikunikayo zikunike bhetyebhetye ngakumbi kwinto omele ukuyenza ngezabelo ezithengiweyo. Kungenxa yokuba banokude bakukhonze ukuze ube nabo ixesha elide xa kukho imfuneko. Ngamaxesha onke kuxhomekeka kwiprofayili yotyalomali oluncinci noluphakathi oncedisayo. Yinto ekufuneka uthembele kuyo ukusukela ngoku.
Nokuba yeyiphi indlela, awungekhe ulibale ukuba baninzi nangakumbi abatyali zimali abasebenzisa le nkqubo ukwakha ipotifoliyo yabo yotyalo mali. Ukusuka nakweyiphi na indlela kwintengiso yemasheya. Oku kunokuba yimeko yakho kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinambini oziphambi kwakho zokuphuhlisa ukuthengwa kwezabelo ngokunikezelwa esidlangalaleni.