Ngexesha leeholide zehlobo kulo nyaka, i I-60% yeSpanish (Oko kukuthi, inani elipheleleyo labemi abazizigidi ezingama-28,04) baya kuya kwiholide kwaye inkcitho ephakathi iya kuba yi-1.789 yeerandi ngomntu ngamnye. Ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-3 zabantu baseSpain (17%) abaza kuzihlehlisa iindleko zabo zeholide, kwaye kwezi, 1,9 yezigidi bazakwenza oko ngeendleko, ngokwengxelo yamva nje yomthelekisi weemveliso zezemali. Apho umnqweno wabasebenzisi wokungahlali ekhaya emva kweenyanga ezinzima emsebenzini uqinisekisiwe.
Le ngxelo ikhankanywe apha ngasentla ikwabonisa oko phantse babe zizigidi ezibini baseSpainBona (i-1.981.779 iyonke) baya kuhlawula ngezavenge i-1.789 ye-euro ethi, ngokomndilili, iiholide zabo ziya kubaxabisa kweli hlobo. Ngale ndlela, iphenjelelwa yingxelo yeKelisto etyhila ukuba abo bathatha isigqibo sokuxhasa ikhefu labo lasehlotyeni kuya kufuneka bahlawule i-49,3 ye-euro nge-avareji yenzala, emele inkcitho iyonke ye-97,7 yezigidi zeerandi.
Kweli hlobo, I-60% yabantu baseSpain (i-28,04 yezigidi) baya kwiholide, iintsuku ezimbalwa zokuphumla apho kuya kufuneka uhlawule i-avareji ye-1.789 ye-euro ngomntu ngamnye, i-10% ngaphezulu (i-163 euro) kunonyaka ophelileyo. Ngoku, ukuze bakwazi ukujongana nale ndleko, abantu abazizigidi ezi-3,04 baya kumisa iindleko zabo (iipesenti ezili-17 zizonke) kwaye, kwezi, i-1,9 yezigidi (iipesenti ezingama-65) baya kusebenzisa imveliso yezemali eya kuthetha ukuthatha iindleko ezithile. Kuyo nayiphi na imigca yetyala kwaye phakathi kwayo ikwabandakanyiwe leyo ivela kwimigca yamakhadi etyala.
Ikhredithi yeholide ngentlawulo yomvuzo
Ukubeka umvuzo kuqala kukuhlala kusisicwangciso esiliqili sokunciphisa ikhredithi. Ngaphantsi kweepesenti ezihamba kuluhlu isuka kwi-1% iye kwi-3% malunga. Kodwa ngoncedo olukhulu ngakumbi njengokuphelisa iikhomishini kunye nezinye iindleko kulawulo nasekugcinweni kwazo. Ngenxa yesi senzo, abafaka izicelo zale mveliso yebhanki banokugcina ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3% kwimali yebango. Ngeemeko ezintle ngakumbi kwimidla yakho yobuqu kubudlelwane bakho namaziko emboleko.
Inxalenye elungileyo yemigca yokuthenga ngetyala ikhulelwe phantsi kolu phawu lukhethekileyo ngamashishini emali. Ngemfuno yodwa yokubeka umrholo phambili okanye, apho kufanelekileyo, umvuzo ovela rhoqo kubasebenzi abaziqeshileyounyaka ozimeleyo. Ngeemodeli ezahlukeneyo apho unokukhetha eyona fomathi ifanelekileyo yokucela imali mboleko yokuchitha kule holide yehlobo izayo.
Ukuba ngumthengi okhethiweyo
Alithandabuzeki elokuba ukuba ngumthengi webhanki olungileyo unokuwenza lula umsebenzi onzima wokufumana imali-mboleko ngeemeko ezingcono kwisivumelwano sayo. Ngenxa yoku kuyakufuneka ungabinamatyala ebhankini, ukuze ube nolwalamano olusebenzayo nayo kwaye kunjalo unebhalansi eyomeleleyo kakhulu kwiakhawunti yakho yokonga. Ngelixa kwelinye icala, amaxabiso enzala aya kuthambeka ukusukela ngoku. Ngaphaya kolunye uthotho lokuqwalaselwa kobuchwephesha. Ngomnyinyiva oza kwenziwa ngokusesikweni ngakumbi nangokwexesha elifutshane kakhulu.
Kwelinye icala, asinakulibala ukuba ayingabo bonke abasebenzisi abaya kuba nakho ukufikelela kule modeli ukufumana lo mgca wekhredithi. Apho zingaze zilahleke kakhulu imigqaliselo yentlawulo engqongqo kwiimfuno zabaxumi ngokwabo. Ukwazi ukukhetha phakathi kweefomathi ezahlukeneyo ezithengiswa ziibhanki emva kokunikezelwa kwexesha. Ukuba lelinye lamathuba onawo okwangoku okufumana ikhredithi ebiza ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nenqanaba lokhuphiswano olunomdla ngakumbi kunangoku.
Izibonelelo zebhanki kunye nokwenyusa
Usenokungayazi, kodwa kukho enye indlela enomdla kakhulu ukuhlangabezana nale mfuno yokuchitha iholide elandelayo kweli hlobo. Kunjani ukufumana iikhredithi ezinikezelwa ziibhanki kubaxhasi abatsha. Ziyathengiswa ngeemeko ezingcono ekuqeshweni kwazo ngamaqondo enzala asezantsi kunabanye. Ngelixa kwelinye icala, bahlala bexolelwe kwiikhomishini kunye nezinye iindleko kulawulo nakulondolozo lwabo. Ngolondolozo oluveliswe leli nyathelo kubudlelwane namashishini ebhanki kunye nokufumana ulwalamano lobuqu.
Ngelixa kwelinye icala, kufuneka sigxininise into yokuba esi sicwangciso seshishini siluncedo kakhulu kwiminqweno yakho kuba unokufumana izindululo eziluncedo kakhulu kulo nyaka ziya kukuhlawula imali encinci ukuchitha iiholide zakho. Kungenxa yokuba ziyathengiswa nazo inzala ehambisa i-6% kunye ne-7%, kwaye ngaphandle kweekhomishini okanye ezinye iindleko kulawulo okanye kulondolozo lwayo. Icala elisezantsi lokukhetha isicwangciso sokurhweba kukuba alisoloko lifumaneka unyaka wonke. Ukuba akunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, ikhula ngendlela ethile kwaye ngaphezulu kwako konke ukunqunyanyiswa kwexesha. Hayi ngelize, kuya kufuneka uqaphele ukubonakala kolu hlobo lokunyusa kunye nokunikezelwa kwezi fomathi kwimigca yokuthenga ngetyala ukuxhasa iholide yakho elandelayo.
Iikhredithi zokuya phesheya
Zenzelwe ukuxhasa ngezimali isidanga sebhatshela, isidanga senkosi, isidanga okanye iikhosi zoqeqesho ezenziwa ngabafundi baphesheya, kunye neendleko ezivela kolu hlalo (uhambo, izinto zokwenza izinto, ukurenta izindlu, njl. Ziya kuqhubela phambili phakathi kwama-20.000 kunye nama-60.000 eeuros ezinokubuyiselwa kwixesha lokuhlawula eliphakathi kweminyaka emi-4 ukuya kweli-10, kuxhomekeke kwimali ebolekisiweyo. Phantsi kwamazinga enzala kwiimeko ezingcono kunalezo zinikwa lolunye uhlobo lwemali mboleko kwaye eyona "hook" yayo yokuyithengisa kubathengi abanokubakho kukudityaniswa kwexesha lobabalo apho abanini baya kuhlawula inzala kuphela.
Nangona ukufikelela kwayo kuvulelekile kuzo zonke iintlobo zabafundi baseyunivesithi, ngaphandle kokujonga ukuqinisekiswa komntu, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba abanye iindlela ezinobunzima ngakumbi Babandakanya imfuno yokuba nekhontrakthi nezinye iimveliso kunye nequmrhu kwaye, nakwezinye iimeko, kunyanzelekile ukugcina irekhodi elifanelekileyo lokufunda ukuze ukufezekise oko kwintengiso yebhanki. Ngenxa yeempawu zabo ezizodwa, amaziko ezezimali alindele imali ephezulu kunaleyo yabelwe eminye imisebenzi yezifundo, kunye nokubanakho kokugqitha kwimida ebekwe phantsi kweemeko ezithile ziibhanki kunye neebhanki zokonga ezizithengisayo ngoku.
Ukuncitshiswa kwerhafu
Imali-mboleko inokubonisa ukuncitshiswa kwerhafu ukuba injongo yemali mboleko yayikukwandisa ikhaya okanye ukuhlawula ezinye iindleko zerhafu xa kuthengwa ikhaya, igalelo kwizicwangciso zepenshini okanye nakweyiphi na indawo ekuya kuyo ezo zithathwa njengeenkcitho ezirhafelwayo kwirhafu yengeniso yakho Irhafu yeNgeniso). Ngokunjalo, ngokufikelela kule mveliso yamatyala, abathengi baya kuba nakho ukuxhamla kwiphakheji yeemveliso zebhanki zasimahla kunye neenkonzo ngelixa ugcina umvuzo ulawulwa kwiziko lezemali, njenge: ukugcinwa kunye nokulawulwa kweakhawunti yangoku, umrhumo wonyaka wekhadi ikhredithi, ugqithiselo kunye nokutshekishwa, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwenethiwekhi yeATM yebhanki okanye yebhanki yokonga ekuvunyelwene ngayo nale mveliso yezemali.
Iprofayile apho bajolise khona
Iprofayile apho olu hlobo lwekhredithi lujolise khona luchazwe kakuhle ngamaziko emali ayinikayo, apho, ewe, uninzi lwabathengi banengxaki, namatyala okanye Ukuhlawulwa kade, kunye nezo zingenakho ukuhlawula amatyala ubuncinci okufunwa liqumrhu, oko kukuthi, kudweliswe njengomngcipheko. Ngokuchasene noko, ezona zinto zibuthathaka ukubanika zona zezo zinendawo yonke okanye inxenye enkulu yezi ndawo zilandelayo ezichazwe apha ngezantsi:
- Abaxumi abanawo umngcipheko, oko kukuthi, abo bangazinikiyo iingxaki iziko ngenxa yokuhlawula kade okanye ukungahlawuli.
- Abasebenzisi abangenayo imveliso yekhredithi ekuvunyelwene ngayo ngelo xesha (iimali mboleko zabathengi okanye imali mboleko).
- Abantu abanokuqinisekisa ukuba imali mboleko yenziwe ngerholo okanye umvuzo owenziwe rhoqo.
- Ngelo xesha i-akhawunti yangoku enemali eyaneleyo yokuthatha ityala onalo.
- Ingxelo egciniweyo yebhanki, apho ulondolozo okanye iimveliso zotyalo-mali zihlala zingena kwisivumelwano.
- Ukufumaneka kwemali kunye nokuba kufunyenwe ukuba akukho ntshukumo kwiakhawunti yakho, oko kukuthi, akukho kuphuma kwemali kubalulekileyo.
Amaxwebhu oza kuwabeka
Ukufikelela kolu hlobo lweekhredithi ezikhawulezayo, iimfuno, ngokubanzi, zibanzi kunokuba zinokubonakala ekuqaleni, Akonelanga nge-DNI kunye nengxelo yokugqibela yomvuzo. Kuxhomekeke kwiikhrayitheriya zeziko ngalinye letyala, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukuba ngexesha lokumiselwa ngokusemthethweni kwemali mboleko yezi mpawu, abafaki-zicelo kufuneka bangenise la maxwebhu alandelayo: ifotokopi yeNcwadi yeSazisi yeSizwe okanye iKhadi lokuHlala elinamandla onke amaqela angenelelayo, Ifotokopi yerisithi ethe ngqo egameni lakho (umbane, amanzi, igesi, umnxeba, i-inshurensi, iselfowuni ...); ubungqina bengeniso yomnini kunye nomnini-mnini, ukuba kufanelekile; Ukuba uqeshiwe, ifotokopi yeepheyiroli ezimbini zokugqibela kwaye ukuba uziqeshile, uyakufuna ifotokopi yerhafu yokugqibela yomntu kunye nekopi yeekota ezimbini zokugqibela. Kwiimeko apho abafaki-mabango bethathe umhlala-phantsi okanye abadla umhlala-phantsi, uxwebhu oluqinisekisiweyo iyakuba lolokuhlaziywa kwepenshoni