Tabbas, tashin hankali yana daya daga cikin sharuddan tattalin arziki wanda ya zama mafi dacewa a cikin recentan shekarun nan saboda dalilai masu sauƙin fahimta. Amma shin da gaske kun san menene wannan kalmar da alama take da rikitarwa sosai? Don haka saboda haka ba ku da wata shakka daga yanzu, ya kamata ku sani cewa hauhawar tattalin arziki ba wani abu ba ne kuma ba komai ba ne illa yanayin tattalin arzikin ƙasar da ke da alamun tabarbarewar tattalin arziki yayin da hauhawar farashin da albashi ke ci gaba. Kamar yadda zaku iya hangowa, wani yanayi ne da aka samu a Spain daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, ba tare da zuwa gaba ba.
Stagflation yana daya daga cikin mummunan yanayin, ba kawai ga tattalin arzikin gaba ɗaya ba, har ma ya haɗa da kasuwannin daidaito. Domin yawanci yana da tasirin lahani akan duka biyun, kamar yadda zaku gani ta wannan labarin. Wani abu da dole ne a kula dashi shine cewa hauhawar farashin kaya ba hauhawar farashi bane kuma duk da kamanceceniya tsakanin kalmomin biyu, ba hannaye da yawa ba. Wani abu ne daban kuma daga wani ra'ayi mafi rikitarwa da haɗari. Ba a banza ba, kyakkyawan ɓangare na manufofin tattalin arziki a duniya an sanya su ne don samar da wannan yanayi mai kyau.
A takaice dai, hauhawar farashin daidai yake da hauhawar farashi tare da raguwar tattalin arziƙi. Tabbas da waɗannan kalmomin zaku fahimci abin da wannan kalmar take ƙunsa sosai. Kodayake yana iya zama cewa baku taɓa jin sa ba tukuna. Amma yakamata ku sani cewa yana da matukar mahimmanci a gare ku ku sarrafa dukiyar ku ko ma don haɓaka saka hannun jarin ku. Duk game da bude matsayi a kasuwar jari yadda za'a rufe su. Dogaro da tsananin tashin hankali, idan ya fara bayyana a cikin tattalin arzikin ƙasa.
Stagflation: haɗarinsa
Wannan matakin a cikin tattalin arziki ba shine mafi kyawun labarai ba bukatun kasa, duk abin da yake. Saboda dalilai da yawa amma sama da duka mai sauƙin fahimta. Ba lallai bane ku zama babban ƙwararre a fannin tattalin arziki. Tabbas ba haka bane. Saboda faduwar gaba babban hadari ne ga 'yan kasar kowace kasa. A gefe guda, saboda suna talauta ma'aikata kuma cewa farashin kuɗinsu ya fi ƙasa da ƙasa. Ba abin mamaki bane, tsadar rayuwa yana sanya su cikin mawuyacin hali kowane lokaci. Tare da haɗarin da ba za su iya ɗaukar wasu kuɗin da suke da shi a rayuwarsu ba.
Kuma a gefe guda, ta hanyar rashin haɓaka tattalin arzikin ƙasa yana buɗe jerin haɗari ga 'yan ƙasa kansu. Wato, yayin da tattalin arziki ke ƙasa da ƙasa ayyuka ba su da yawa kuma sakamakon wannan yanayin, ana rage cin abincin kadan-kadan. Wanda da shi ne tattalin arziƙin ya kasance cikin mawuyacin mawuyacin yanayi. Zuwa ga cewa zai iya haifar da mummunan yanayi kuma hakan na iya bayyana cikin abin da ya faru a duniya a cikin ƙarni na ƙarshe, lokacin da babban baƙin ciki ya ɓullo. Wani abu wanda shine mafi munin yanayi da zai iya samo asali daga bayyanar tabarbarewa.
Shin yana da sauƙi don faruwa?
Duk da irin abubuwan da 'yan ƙasa da yawa za su iya tunani, to amma ba haka bane ba lamari ne mai yuwuwa ba a cikin ƙasa. Ya kamata a tuna cewa wannan shi ne abin da ya faru a Spain a cikin shekarun farko na rikicin tattalin arziki, a wajajen 2012 da 2013. Inda al'ummar Sifen dole ne ta sha wahala duk sakamakonta ta hanyar rashin aikin yi, rayuwa mafi tsada da kuma rashin kuɗaɗen kuɗi don zamantakewa ayyuka. A takaice dai, lamari ne da ba a so daga kowane ra'ayi da kuma mahangar dukkanin hanyoyin tattalin arziki. Dukansu daga masu sassaucin ra'ayi da kuma daga mafi yawan masu shiga tsakani. Domin kuwa mafita guda daya tilo ita ce fita daga kangin da ya shiga na wasu fannonin tattalin arziki. Domin yana cikin ƙarshen rana cewa haka yake.
Wani ɗayan abubuwan da suka fi dacewa na stagflation shine ta gurbata element, ba wai kawai a cikin menene tattalin arzikin kasa ba. Madadin haka, hakan kuma yana shafar siyasa tare da fitowar wasu ƙarfafan ƙarfi waɗanda ke iya haifar da kasuwannin daidaito don sauka ƙasa har ma da tsananin ƙarfi, kamar yadda ya faru a cikin waɗannan yanayi na musamman. Har zuwa cewa yanayi na babban bambanci na iya faruwa kuma hakan yana haifar da cutar rayuwar yau da kullun na 'yan ƙasa. Wannan haƙiƙanin gaskiya ne wanda yake bayyane yayin da tsananin firgita ya ɓullo.
Sakamakon tashin hankali
Yanzu zai zama dole don tabbatar da wane cutarwa ne wannan motsi na tattalin arziki ke haifarwa. Domin suna da yawa na yanayi daban-daban, kamar yadda zaku iya gani daga wannan lokacin daidai ta wannan labarin mai ban sha'awa. Saboda a zahiri, yanayi mai zuwa na iya faruwa don nuna muku ƙasa.
- Da farko dai, akwai wani abin da ya dace kamar wanda aka samo daga yanayin aikin. A wannan ma'anar, tashin hankali yana haifar da a karin farashin a cikin dukkan kaya, galibi wanda aka samo daga amfani.
- El rashin aikin yi ya karu a duk matakan sakamakon ƙananan ƙarancin kamfanoni. Har zuwa mafi girman matakai a cikin wannan ma'aunin tattalin arziki na girman farko.
- Kasuwannin adaidaita suma wannan motsin yana shafar su tunda yana da saukin zuwa haifar da canji da kuma rashin amincewa da kasuwanni. Duk wannan ana fassara shi zuwa mahimmin saukad a cikin kasuwar hannayen jari da faɗuwar darajar sakamakon farashin.
- Yin yanke shawara, da gwamnatoci da kamfanoni kansu, ya zama da yawa mafi hadaddun Wannan ya zuwa yanzu. Game da matakan da zasu ɗauka azaman daidai lokacin amfani dasu. Tare da kasada har ma da dagula yanayin tattalin arziki.
- Mai ajiyewa yana ganin yadda kadan kadan kudinka sun rage daraja kuma kuna da ƙarin matsalolin da za ku iya biyan kuɗi ta hanyar da ta dace. Kuna da shakku mai yawa game da inda zaku sanya shi don samun ƙimar karɓar riba mai ƙari ko ƙasa da haka.
Amfanin stagflation
Duk da abin da mutum zai iya tunani, rashin daidaito kuma yana kawo fannoni masu kyau ga ci gabanta. Ba wai suna da yawa ba, amma aƙalla yana iya samun wani fa'ida wajen samar da wannan ma'aunin tattalin arzikin. Ofayan waɗannan shari'o'in yana wakiltar a Tsarin haraji wanda yawanci yafi falala, kodayake wannan halin ba koyaushe yake faruwa ba. Musamman, don izawa kamfanoni don su sami kyakkyawan sakamako a cikin asusun asusun su. A gefe guda, rage haraji wani ɗayan abubuwan ne da ke faruwa a cikin wannan yanayin. Wato, zaku sami ingantacciyar kulawa fiye da idan babu ci gaba.
A kowane hali, ba a taɓa ba da shawarar bayyanarsa ba, nesa da shi, saboda rashin dacewar sun fi fa'idodin yawa. Daga kowane ra'ayi da girmamawa ga kamfanonin biyu da kuma 'yan ƙasa kansu, waɗanda aka cutar da bukatunsu daga farkon lokacin. Wannan wani abu ne wanda duk masanan tattalin arziki suka bayyana a fili kuma saboda wannan dalilin duk dabarunsu da manufofinsu suna da babban dalilin su cewa tsattsauran tashin hankali bai iso ba. Domin idan wani high inflation yana da haɗari sosai, tabbas tsada zai zama da haɗari sosai.
Halaye na wannan motsi
Wani bangare mafi dacewa wanda dole ne a kula dashi daga yanzu don sanin menene stagflation shine waɗancan maki waɗanda suke bayyana shi kuma tabbas tare da yanayi mai banbanci da bambancin yanayi. Waɗannan, saboda haka, wasu daga cikinsu:
- Hadarin da tattalin arziki ba zai iya girma ba, amma akasin haka farashin kaya da komai gabaɗaya idan sun girma. Wasu lokuta a ƙarƙashin ƙarfin mai girma da haɗari.
- La murdiya a cikin kasuwannin hada-hadar kuɗi a bayyane yake kuma a cikin wannan ma'ana ƙanana da matsakaitan masu saka jari sune mafi tasirin wannan yanayin da aka kirkira.
- Babu shakka yana kaiwa ga talauci, duka na ƙasar da yawan jama'a. Daya daga cikin mafi girman haɗarin da aka samo daga bayyanarta da sama da sauran masu canjin tattalin arziki.
- Wani daga cikin tasirinsa mafi firgita shine cewa wannan aikin yana tare da a ragewa a cikin waɗannan ayyukan da cinye kuɗin waje yake. Tare da sakamakon jinkiri cikin ayyukan tattalin arziki.
Ba za a manta da cewa haɗuwar hauhawar farashi da koma bayan tattalin arziki na da babban tasirin koma bayan tattalin arziki ba. Saboda wannan dalili, gwagwarmaya ta har abada da stagflation ba abin mamaki bane. A lokuta da yawa, ko menene tsada, tunda yawan sadaukarwa dole ne jama'ar da wannan lokacin tattalin arzikin ya shafa su yi shi. Zuwa ga faɗin cewa ɗayan mawuyacin yanayi ne da za a iya sanyawa a cikin tattalin arziƙin ƙasa tun lokacin da tasirinsa ba zai yi kyau ba, kamar yadda kuka yi gargaɗi a cikin wannan labarin. Ikonku ya fi zama dole.